Background:Physical inactivity and insomnia symptoms are independently associated with increased risk of depression and anxiety;however,few studies jointly examine these risk factors.This study aimed to prospectively ...Background:Physical inactivity and insomnia symptoms are independently associated with increased risk of depression and anxiety;however,few studies jointly examine these risk factors.This study aimed to prospectively examine the joint association of physical activity(PA)and insomnia symptoms with onset of poor mental health in adults.Methods:Participants from the 2013 to 2018 annnual waves of the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia panel study who had good mental health(Mental Health Inventory-5>54)in 2013,and who completed at least 1 follow-up survey(2014-2018),were included(n=10,977).Poor mental health(Mental Health Inventory-5≤54)was assessed annually.Baseline(2013)PA was classified as high/moderate/low,and insomnia symptoms(i.e.,trouble sleeping)were classified as no insomnia symptoms/insomnia symptoms,with 6 mutually exclusive PAinsomnia symptom groups derived.Associations of PA-insomnia symptom groups with onset of poor mental health were examined using discrete-time proportional-hazards logit-hazard models.Results:There were 2322 new cases of poor mental health(21.2%).Relative to the high PA/no insomnia symptoms group,there were higher odds(odds ratio and 95%confidence interval(95%CI))of poor mental health among the high PA/insomnia symptoms(OR=1.87,95%CI:1.57-2.23),moderate PA/insomnia symptoms(OR=1.93,95%CI:1.61-2.31),low PA/insomnia symptoms(OR=2.33,95%CI:1.96-2.78),and low PA/no insomnia symptoms(OR=1.14,95%CI:1.01-1.29)groups.Any level of PA combined with insomnia symptoms was associated with increased odds of poor mental health,with the odds increasing as PA decreased.Conclusion:The se findings highlight the potential benefit of interventions targeting both PA and insomnia symptoms for promoting mental health.展开更多
The aim of this article was to analyze the theories underpinning dental fear, anxiety and phobias. To be included, articles must have been published between the years of 1949 and 2013 concerning fears and phobias with...The aim of this article was to analyze the theories underpinning dental fear, anxiety and phobias. To be included, articles must have been published between the years of 1949 and 2013 concerning fears and phobias within dentistry and/or psychiatry. Of 200 articles originally under review, 140 were included and reviewed by the authors.Five specific pathways relating to dental fear and anxiety were identified; Cognitive Conditioning, Informative, Visual Vicarious, Verbal Threat, and Parental. Eight currently accepted management techniques across all dental disciplines for dental fear and anxiety were identified. Further research is required to identify clinical diagnosis and treatment for fears originating from different pathways.展开更多
Despite a plethora of studies on how corporate social responsibility(CSR)generates favorable consumer outcomes,the existing literature provides limited insights about how CSR may affect inter-consumer connection and b...Despite a plethora of studies on how corporate social responsibility(CSR)generates favorable consumer outcomes,the existing literature provides limited insights about how CSR may affect inter-consumer connection and brand community engagement.Enhancing consumer engagement in the brand community is one of the key marketing objectives for strengthening the brand-consumer relationship.This study aims to explore the role of corporate social responsibility in enhancing brand community engagement and examines the dual mediating role of brand identification and community identification.Quantitative research was conducted and an adapted questionnaire was used.Survey data were collected from 405 Chinese consumers,and structural equational modeling was used to test the hypothesis.Results demonstrated that CSR motivates consumers to engage with the brand community.Further,brand identification and community identification perform the role of partial mediators.展开更多
Background and Aims:High-intensity interval training(HIIT)is a therapeutic option for people with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).However,the perspectives and experiences of HIIT for people with NASH are unknown,li...Background and Aims:High-intensity interval training(HIIT)is a therapeutic option for people with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).However,the perspectives and experiences of HIIT for people with NASH are unknown,limiting translation of research.We explored the experiences and perspectives of both professionally supervised and self-directed HIIT in people with NASH and evaluated participant-reported knowledge,barriers,and enablers to commencing and sustaining HIIT.Methods:Twelve participants with NASH underwent 12 weeks of supervised HIIT(3 days/week,4×4 minutes at 85–95%maximal heart rate,interspersed with 3 minutes active recovery),followed by 12-weeks of selfdirected(unsupervised)HIIT.One-on-one,semistructured participant interviews were conducted by exercise staff prior to HIIT and following both supervised and self-directed HIIT to explore prior knowledge,barriers,enablers,and outcomes at each stage.Interviews were audio-recorded,transcribed,coded,and thematically analyzed by two independent researchers.Results:Four dominant themes were identified:(1)no awareness of/experience with HIIT and ambivalence about exercise capabilities;(2)multiple medical and social barriers to commencing and continuing HIIT;(3)exercise specialist support was a highly valued enabler,and(4)HIIT was enjoyed and provided holistic benefits.Conclusions:People with NASH may lack knowledge of and confidence for HIIT,and experience multiple complex barriers to commencing and continuing HIIT.Exercise specialist support is a key enabler to sustained engagement.These factors need to be addressed in future clinical programs to augment the uptake and long-term sustainability of HIIT by people with NASH so they can experience the range of related benefits.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?The literature has consistently demonstrated that distress rumination following a traumatic event has significant implications for mental health.However,the potential ass...Summary What is already known about this topic?The literature has consistently demonstrated that distress rumination following a traumatic event has significant implications for mental health.However,the potential association between distress rumination and suicidality,as well as the underlying mechanisms driving this relationship,remains to be elucidated.What is added by this report?The current study demonstrated a significant,positive correlation between distress rumination and suicidal ideation in college students who have encountered traumatic events.The findings indicate that somatic anxiety serves as a mediator between distress rumination and suicidal ideation.What are the implications for public health practice?Interventions aimed at reducing somatic anxiety may contribute to a decrease in suicidal ideation.Assessing and addressing somatic anxiety symptoms in college students experiencing distressful rumination following traumatic events could potentially lower the risk of suicide.展开更多
Event-related potentials (ERPs) were used in this study to investigate the neural correlates of prospective memory (PM) and vigilance. Twenty college or graduate students participated in this study. They were administ...Event-related potentials (ERPs) were used in this study to investigate the neural correlates of prospective memory (PM) and vigilance. Twenty college or graduate students participated in this study. They were administered a PM and a vigilance task and physiological data were collected at the same time. Behavioral results showed that the RT associated with PM cues was longer than those associated with vigilance targets. ERP results showed that PM cues and vigilance targets did not show significant difference in the N2 but PM cues evoked greater N300 than vigilance targets, and vigilance targets evoked greater parietal positivity/P3 than PM cues, suggesting vigilance and PM have similar but also distinctive neural basis.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to identify correlates of changes in physical activity(PA)and sedentary behaviour(SB)among university-based young adults in Bangladesh.Data were from a 1-year prospective study with 2 ass...The purpose of this study was to identify correlates of changes in physical activity(PA)and sedentary behaviour(SB)among university-based young adults in Bangladesh.Data were from a 1-year prospective study with 2 assessment points(baseline n=573,20.7±1.35 years,45%female;retention rate 69%,analytical sample=395).Participants completed a self-administered written survey on PA,SB,health and lifestyle be-haviours,and sociodemographics.Changes in PA were categorised as:negligible(±<60 min/week),>60 min/week decrease,or>60 min/week increase.Changes in SB were categorised as negligible(±<120 min/week),>120 min/week decrease,and>120 min/week increase.Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to identify the correlates.About quarters(72%)of participants had insufficient PA at both assessment points.Of those who were sufficiently active at Wave 1,5%became insufficiently active at Wave 2.One quarter of par-ticipants(23%)had high SB at Wave 1 and Wave 2.Of those who had low SB at Wave 1,16%had high SB at Wave 2.Being male[OR=2.04(95%CI:1.06–3.93)],baseline phone time of>2 h/day[OR=3.14(95%CI:1.04–7.04)]and not participating in organised sports at baseline[OR=2.56(95%CI:1.24–5.29)]were associated with a decrease in PA by>60 min/week.Participants who frequently experienced stress at baseline had higher odds of increasing SB by>120 min/day[OR=1.83(95%CI:1.04–3.23)].SB is more variable than PA over 1 year in university-based young adults in Bangladesh.Males,those with high phone time,those not engaging with organised sports,and those with frequent stress may change to a more inactive lifestyle.展开更多
基金supported by a Career Development Fellowship(APP1141606)from the National Health and Medical Research Council,Australia。
文摘Background:Physical inactivity and insomnia symptoms are independently associated with increased risk of depression and anxiety;however,few studies jointly examine these risk factors.This study aimed to prospectively examine the joint association of physical activity(PA)and insomnia symptoms with onset of poor mental health in adults.Methods:Participants from the 2013 to 2018 annnual waves of the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia panel study who had good mental health(Mental Health Inventory-5>54)in 2013,and who completed at least 1 follow-up survey(2014-2018),were included(n=10,977).Poor mental health(Mental Health Inventory-5≤54)was assessed annually.Baseline(2013)PA was classified as high/moderate/low,and insomnia symptoms(i.e.,trouble sleeping)were classified as no insomnia symptoms/insomnia symptoms,with 6 mutually exclusive PAinsomnia symptom groups derived.Associations of PA-insomnia symptom groups with onset of poor mental health were examined using discrete-time proportional-hazards logit-hazard models.Results:There were 2322 new cases of poor mental health(21.2%).Relative to the high PA/no insomnia symptoms group,there were higher odds(odds ratio and 95%confidence interval(95%CI))of poor mental health among the high PA/insomnia symptoms(OR=1.87,95%CI:1.57-2.23),moderate PA/insomnia symptoms(OR=1.93,95%CI:1.61-2.31),low PA/insomnia symptoms(OR=2.33,95%CI:1.96-2.78),and low PA/no insomnia symptoms(OR=1.14,95%CI:1.01-1.29)groups.Any level of PA combined with insomnia symptoms was associated with increased odds of poor mental health,with the odds increasing as PA decreased.Conclusion:The se findings highlight the potential benefit of interventions targeting both PA and insomnia symptoms for promoting mental health.
文摘The aim of this article was to analyze the theories underpinning dental fear, anxiety and phobias. To be included, articles must have been published between the years of 1949 and 2013 concerning fears and phobias within dentistry and/or psychiatry. Of 200 articles originally under review, 140 were included and reviewed by the authors.Five specific pathways relating to dental fear and anxiety were identified; Cognitive Conditioning, Informative, Visual Vicarious, Verbal Threat, and Parental. Eight currently accepted management techniques across all dental disciplines for dental fear and anxiety were identified. Further research is required to identify clinical diagnosis and treatment for fears originating from different pathways.
文摘Despite a plethora of studies on how corporate social responsibility(CSR)generates favorable consumer outcomes,the existing literature provides limited insights about how CSR may affect inter-consumer connection and brand community engagement.Enhancing consumer engagement in the brand community is one of the key marketing objectives for strengthening the brand-consumer relationship.This study aims to explore the role of corporate social responsibility in enhancing brand community engagement and examines the dual mediating role of brand identification and community identification.Quantitative research was conducted and an adapted questionnaire was used.Survey data were collected from 405 Chinese consumers,and structural equational modeling was used to test the hypothesis.Results demonstrated that CSR motivates consumers to engage with the brand community.Further,brand identification and community identification perform the role of partial mediators.
基金supported by grants from the Diabetes Australia Research Program(Y17G-KEAS)Exercise and Sports Science Australia(Tom Penrose Community Service Grant)supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council(NHMRC)of Australia via an Early Career Fellowship(1122190).
文摘Background and Aims:High-intensity interval training(HIIT)is a therapeutic option for people with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).However,the perspectives and experiences of HIIT for people with NASH are unknown,limiting translation of research.We explored the experiences and perspectives of both professionally supervised and self-directed HIIT in people with NASH and evaluated participant-reported knowledge,barriers,and enablers to commencing and sustaining HIIT.Methods:Twelve participants with NASH underwent 12 weeks of supervised HIIT(3 days/week,4×4 minutes at 85–95%maximal heart rate,interspersed with 3 minutes active recovery),followed by 12-weeks of selfdirected(unsupervised)HIIT.One-on-one,semistructured participant interviews were conducted by exercise staff prior to HIIT and following both supervised and self-directed HIIT to explore prior knowledge,barriers,enablers,and outcomes at each stage.Interviews were audio-recorded,transcribed,coded,and thematically analyzed by two independent researchers.Results:Four dominant themes were identified:(1)no awareness of/experience with HIIT and ambivalence about exercise capabilities;(2)multiple medical and social barriers to commencing and continuing HIIT;(3)exercise specialist support was a highly valued enabler,and(4)HIIT was enjoyed and provided holistic benefits.Conclusions:People with NASH may lack knowledge of and confidence for HIIT,and experience multiple complex barriers to commencing and continuing HIIT.Exercise specialist support is a key enabler to sustained engagement.These factors need to be addressed in future clinical programs to augment the uptake and long-term sustainability of HIIT by people with NASH so they can experience the range of related benefits.
基金Supported by the Social Science Fund of Shandong Province,China under Grant 22BTY082the Young Scholar Project of Shandong University.
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?The literature has consistently demonstrated that distress rumination following a traumatic event has significant implications for mental health.However,the potential association between distress rumination and suicidality,as well as the underlying mechanisms driving this relationship,remains to be elucidated.What is added by this report?The current study demonstrated a significant,positive correlation between distress rumination and suicidal ideation in college students who have encountered traumatic events.The findings indicate that somatic anxiety serves as a mediator between distress rumination and suicidal ideation.What are the implications for public health practice?Interventions aimed at reducing somatic anxiety may contribute to a decrease in suicidal ideation.Assessing and addressing somatic anxiety symptoms in college students experiencing distressful rumination following traumatic events could potentially lower the risk of suicide.
基金supported by the Young Investigator Scientific Fund ofInstitute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (O9CX073007)the National Key Technologies R&D Program (2012BAI36B01)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30900403, 91132701, 30770723,81088001)Youth Innovation Promotion Association Funding of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y1CX131003)Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-EW-J-8)
文摘Event-related potentials (ERPs) were used in this study to investigate the neural correlates of prospective memory (PM) and vigilance. Twenty college or graduate students participated in this study. They were administered a PM and a vigilance task and physiological data were collected at the same time. Behavioral results showed that the RT associated with PM cues was longer than those associated with vigilance targets. ERP results showed that PM cues and vigilance targets did not show significant difference in the N2 but PM cues evoked greater N300 than vigilance targets, and vigilance targets evoked greater parietal positivity/P3 than PM cues, suggesting vigilance and PM have similar but also distinctive neural basis.
基金supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship awarded to RU.
文摘The purpose of this study was to identify correlates of changes in physical activity(PA)and sedentary behaviour(SB)among university-based young adults in Bangladesh.Data were from a 1-year prospective study with 2 assessment points(baseline n=573,20.7±1.35 years,45%female;retention rate 69%,analytical sample=395).Participants completed a self-administered written survey on PA,SB,health and lifestyle be-haviours,and sociodemographics.Changes in PA were categorised as:negligible(±<60 min/week),>60 min/week decrease,or>60 min/week increase.Changes in SB were categorised as negligible(±<120 min/week),>120 min/week decrease,and>120 min/week increase.Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to identify the correlates.About quarters(72%)of participants had insufficient PA at both assessment points.Of those who were sufficiently active at Wave 1,5%became insufficiently active at Wave 2.One quarter of par-ticipants(23%)had high SB at Wave 1 and Wave 2.Of those who had low SB at Wave 1,16%had high SB at Wave 2.Being male[OR=2.04(95%CI:1.06–3.93)],baseline phone time of>2 h/day[OR=3.14(95%CI:1.04–7.04)]and not participating in organised sports at baseline[OR=2.56(95%CI:1.24–5.29)]were associated with a decrease in PA by>60 min/week.Participants who frequently experienced stress at baseline had higher odds of increasing SB by>120 min/day[OR=1.83(95%CI:1.04–3.23)].SB is more variable than PA over 1 year in university-based young adults in Bangladesh.Males,those with high phone time,those not engaging with organised sports,and those with frequent stress may change to a more inactive lifestyle.
