The performance of pearlescent pigment significantly affected by the grain size and the roughness of deposited film. The effect of TiCl_(4) concentration on the initial deposition of TiO_(2) on mica by atmospheric pre...The performance of pearlescent pigment significantly affected by the grain size and the roughness of deposited film. The effect of TiCl_(4) concentration on the initial deposition of TiO_(2) on mica by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition(APCVD) was investigated. The precursor concentration significantly affected the deposition and morphology of TiO_(2) grains assembling the film. The deposition time for fully covering the surface of mica decreased from 120 to 10 s as the TiCl_(4) concentration increased from 0.38%to 2.44%. The grain size increased with the TiCl_(4) concentration. The AFM and TEM analysis demonstrated that the aggregation of TiO_(2) clusters at the initial stage finally result to the agglomeration of fine TiO_(2) grains at high TiCl_(4) concentrations. Following the results, it was suggested that the nucleation density and size was easy to be adjusted when the TiCl_(4) concentration is below 0.90%.展开更多
The homogeneous/particulate fluidization flow regime is particularly suitable for handling the various gas–solid contact processes encountered in the chemical and energy industry.This work aimed to extend such a regi...The homogeneous/particulate fluidization flow regime is particularly suitable for handling the various gas–solid contact processes encountered in the chemical and energy industry.This work aimed to extend such a regime of Geldart-A particles by exerting the axial uniform and steady magnetic field.Under the action of the magnetic field,the overall homogeneous fluidization regime of Geldart-A magnetizable particles became composed of two parts:inherent homogeneous fluidization and newly-created magnetic stabilization.Since the former remained almost unchanged whereas the latter became broader as the magnetic field intensity increased,the overall homogeneous fluidization regime could be extended remarkably.As for Geldart-A nonmagnetizable particles,certain amount of magnetizable particles had to be premixed to transmit the magnetic stabilization.Among others,the mere addition of magnetizable particles could broaden the homogeneous fluidization regime.The added content of magnetizable particles had an optimal value with smaller/lighter ones working better.The added magnetizable particles might raise the ratio between the interparticle force and the particle gravity.After the magnetic field was exerted,the homogeneous fluidization regime was further expanded due to the formation of magnetic stabilization flow regime.The more the added magnetizable particles,the better the magnetic performance and the broader the overall homogeneous fluidization regime.Smaller/lighter magnetizable particles were preferred to maximize the magnetic performance and extend the overall homogeneous fluidization regime.This phenomenon could be ascribed to that the added magnetizable particles themselves became more Geldart-A than-B type as their density or size decreased.展开更多
The novel Fe-N co-doped ordered mesoporous carbon with high catalytic activity in m-cresol removal was prepared by urea-assisted impregnation and simple pyrolysis method.During the preparation of the Fe-NC catalyst,th...The novel Fe-N co-doped ordered mesoporous carbon with high catalytic activity in m-cresol removal was prepared by urea-assisted impregnation and simple pyrolysis method.During the preparation of the Fe-NC catalyst,the complexation of N elements in urea could anchor Fe,and the formation of C3N4during urea pyrolysis could also prevent migration and aggregation of Fe species,which jointly improve the dispersion and stability of Fe.The FeN4sites and highly dispersed Fe nanoparticles synergistically trigger the dual-site peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for highly efficient m-cresol degradation,while the ordered mesoporous structure of the catalyst could improve the mass transfer rate of the catalytic process,which together promote catalytic degradation of m-cresol by PMS activation.Reactive oxygen species (ROS) analytic experiments demonstrate that the system degrades m-cresol by free radical pathway mainly based on SO_(4)^(-)·and·OH,and partially based on·OH as the active components,and a possible PMS activation mechanism by 5Fe-50 for m-cresol degradation was proposed.This study can provide theoretical guidance for the preparation of efficient and stable catalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants by activated PMS.展开更多
In order to gain practical experience and hands-on skills,full-time professional master degree postgraduate in mineral processing engineering should engage in professional practices.Nonetheless,a series of problems,in...In order to gain practical experience and hands-on skills,full-time professional master degree postgraduate in mineral processing engineering should engage in professional practices.Nonetheless,a series of problems,including insufficient time for practice,low management level,inadequate implementation of the double-supervisor system,and poor results of professional practice,has reduced the effectiveness of professional practice.In view of the aforementioned problems and the characteristics of the discipline,this paper proposes several strategies for improving the effectiveness of professional practice for postgraduates in mineral processing engineering.展开更多
Electrochemical measurements were conducted to study the electrochemical behavior of gold(Au) and its commonly associated minerals in alkaline thiourea solutions. The results indicated that without addition of any sta...Electrochemical measurements were conducted to study the electrochemical behavior of gold(Au) and its commonly associated minerals in alkaline thiourea solutions. The results indicated that without addition of any stabilizer, selective dissolution of Au from stibnite and pyrite was only possible at relatively low thiourea concentrations. As Na_2SiO_3 was added, pyrite started to become active and an oxidation peak appeared; the oxidation peaks of arsenopyrite and chalcocite appeared earlier than that of Au. The chalcocite peak shifted in the positive direction and the peak current increased. Stibnite did not show an oxidation peak and its current was nearly zero. Adding Na_2SiO_3 favored the selective dissolution of Au when its minerals were associated with chalcocite and stibnite. At p H 12, the Au anode dissolution peak current increased with stabilizer concentration. At 0.38 and 0.42 V and for Na_2SiO_3 concentration below 0.09 M, the current density continuously increased with Na_2SiO_3 concentration. The Na_2SiO_3 concentration had to be adequate to stabilize thiourea. When the potential was higher than 0.42 V, the surface of the Au electrode started to passivate. With an additional increase in potential, the presence of Na_2SiO_3 could not stop the inevitable decomposition of thiourea.展开更多
A systematic investigation of the graphene oxide composite reduced by either p-phenylenediamine oligomers or hydrazine hydrate was performed with field emission scanning electron microscopy,high resolution transmissio...A systematic investigation of the graphene oxide composite reduced by either p-phenylenediamine oligomers or hydrazine hydrate was performed with field emission scanning electron microscopy,high resolution transmission electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,fourier transform infrared,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses.The electrical capacitance of the composite was evaluated by a cyclic voltammetry technique,while the properties of these prototype supercapacitors were measured by a chronopotentiometry technique.It was found that,under the solvothermal condition,the graphene oxide reduced by p-phenylenediamine oligomers was observed to have higher electrical capacitance than that reduced by hydrazine.The improved electrical capacitance can be attributed to that p-phenylenediamine oligomers are the more effective spacers for graphene layers;and they could also provide some pseudo-capacitance to the graphene oxide composite based on their conjugate structure.The results imply that graphene oxide modified by diamine oligomers has a good potential in energy storage devices.展开更多
The activation properties of ammonium oxalate on the flotation of pyrite and arsenopyrite in the lime system were studied in this work.Single mineral flotation tests showed that the ammonium oxalate strongly activated...The activation properties of ammonium oxalate on the flotation of pyrite and arsenopyrite in the lime system were studied in this work.Single mineral flotation tests showed that the ammonium oxalate strongly activated pyrite in high alkalinity and high Ca^(2+)system,whereas arsenopyrite was almost unaffected.In mineral mixtures tests,the recovery difference between pyrite and arsenopyrite after adding ammonium oxalate is more than 85%.After ammonium oxalate and ethyl xanthate treatment,the hydrophobicity of pyrite increased significantly,and the contact angle increased from 66.62°to 75.15°and then to 81.21°.After ammonium oxalate treatment,the amount of ethyl xanthate adsorption on the pyrite surface significantly increased and was much greater than that on the arsenopyrite surface.Zeta potential measurements showed that after activation by ammonium oxalate,there was a shift in the zeta potential of pyrite to more negative values by adding xanthate.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy test showed that after ammonium oxalate treatment,the O 1s content on the surface of pyrite decreased from 44.03%to 26.18%,and the S 2p content increased from 14.01%to 27.26%,which confirmed that the ammonium oxalatetreated pyrite surface was more hydrophobic than the untreated surface.Therefore,ammonium oxalate may be used as a selective activator of pyrite in the lime system,which achieves an efficient flotation separation of S-As sulfide ores under high alkalinity and high Ca2+concentration conditions.展开更多
All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs) with inorganic solid-state-electrolytes(SSEs) have been regarded as the promising candidate for next-generation energy storage due to their high energy density and outstanding safety p...All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs) with inorganic solid-state-electrolytes(SSEs) have been regarded as the promising candidate for next-generation energy storage due to their high energy density and outstanding safety performance.However,the representative oxide and sulfide electrolytes suffer from low ionic conductivity and poor(electro)chemical stability,respectively.Herein,we report a series of new halide superionic conductors Li_(2+x)Hf_(1-x)In_(x)Cl_(6) with high ionic conductivity up to 1.05 mS cm^(-1) at 30 ℃ that are simultaneously stable to high voltage.By means of the characterization techniques and bond-valence site energy(BVSE) calculation,insights into the effect of the phase transformation and underlying ionic transport mechanism by In substitution for Hf in Li_(2)HfCl_(6) are provided.Importantly,with the increased amount of aliovalent substitution in Li_(2+x)Hf_(1-x)In_(x)Cl_(6) microcrystal framework,a gradual structure evolution from trigonal to monoclinic phase has been observed,which is accompanied by the redistribution of Li-ions to generate two dimensionally(2D) preferable diffusion pathways through octahedral-tetrahe dral-octahedral sites in In^(3+)-substituted Li_(2)HfCl_(6).Additionally,due to the oxidative stability of Insubstituted Li_(2)HfCl_(6),the bulk-type ASSBs with bare LiCoO_(2) deliver distinguished electrochemical performance.展开更多
Rare earth element is an important strategic metal,but the supply of high purity rare earth ores is growing slowly,which is in sharp contradiction with the rapidly growing demand.Froth flotation has been confirmed to ...Rare earth element is an important strategic metal,but the supply of high purity rare earth ores is growing slowly,which is in sharp contradiction with the rapidly growing demand.Froth flotation has been confirmed to be an effective method to separate bastnaesite from its gangue minerls.However,the traditional collectors are facing serious problems in flotation separation of minerals,requiring the addition of excess depressant and regulator in the flotation process.Herein,we proposed and synthesized novel Gemini hydroxamic acids Octyl-bishydroxamic acid(OTBHA),Decyl-bishydroxamic acid(DCBHA)and Dodecyl-bishydroxamic acid(DDBHA)as the collectors in bastnaesite-barite flotation system.The effect of different carbon chain lengths on the molecular properties were explored by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.DCBHA possessed a stronger reactivity compared with OCBHA and DDBHA.The flotation results verified the consistency of the computational calculation about the performance prediction of Gemini hydroxamic acids.Compared with OCBHA and DDBHA,DCBHA displayed superior collecting affinity toward bastnaesite,and did not float barite.Zeta potential results showed that the presence of DCBHA increased the potential of bastnaesite,while it had almost no effect on barite,indicating DCBHA had a stronger affinity for bastnaesite.Then,Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analyses indicated that the adsorption mechanism was due to two hydroxamate groups of DCBHA co-anchored on bastnaesite surface by forming five-membered hydroxamic―(O―O)―Ce complexes.In addition,atomic force microscopy(AFM)clearly observed that DCBHA uniformly aggregated on bastnaesite surface,which increased surface contact angle and improved the hydrophobicity of bastnaesite.展开更多
Social economic growth and the increasing demand for mineral resources have promoted the development of metallic mineral processing technology.Therefore,in order to satisfy the demands for development in mining,cultiv...Social economic growth and the increasing demand for mineral resources have promoted the development of metallic mineral processing technology.Therefore,in order to satisfy the demands for development in mining,cultivating comprehensive mineral processing engineering professionals with strong innovative practical skills has become the top priority in current education.We have established a new course,“Metallic Mineral Processing,”for students majoring in mineral processing engineering in universities,with coal and other sources of energy as the main focus.This paper analyzes the purpose and significance of setting up this course and the exploration of the reform of the teaching mode,with the aim of improving the teaching quality and ensuring the cultivation of mineral processing engineering undergraduates.展开更多
In this work,the effect of ammonium sulfate on the adsorption characteristics of low-concentration Pb(Ⅱ)ions on the sulfidized hemimorphite surface was comprehensively investigated.The results showed that ammonium su...In this work,the effect of ammonium sulfate on the adsorption characteristics of low-concentration Pb(Ⅱ)ions on the sulfidized hemimorphite surface was comprehensively investigated.The results showed that ammonium sulfate could increase the maximum recovery of hemimorphite from 69.42%to 88.24%under a low concentration of Pb(Ⅱ)ions.On the hemimorphite surface pretreated with ammonium sulfate,the adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ)ions was enhanced and the main species of Pb adsorbed was changed from Pb―O/OH to PbS.This was due to the larger amount of ZnS providing more effective adsorption sites for Pb components to generate Pb S.Meanwhile,the intensity of ZnS decreased with the formation of PbS,demonstrating that ZnS was covered by PbS which formed later on the mineral surface.It was beneficial for the adsorption of butyl xanthate on the hemimorphite surface to form more hydrophobic substances.As a result,ammonium sulfate played a crucial role in realizing the efficient recovery of hemimorphite.展开更多
A new Pb(Ⅱ) coordination polymer [Pb(L1)(L2)]·1.25H2O has been synthesized with 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (L1) and sebacic acid (H2L2) under hydrothermal conditions. Crystallograph...A new Pb(Ⅱ) coordination polymer [Pb(L1)(L2)]·1.25H2O has been synthesized with 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (L1) and sebacic acid (H2L2) under hydrothermal conditions. Crystallographic data: triclinic, space group Pī with a=8.4890(17), b=12.471(3), c=14.604(3), α=67.04(3), β=74.08(3), γ=85.80(3)°, V=1368.0(5)3 , Z=1, C58H59F2N8O10.5Pb2 , Mr=1488.51, Dc=1.807g/cm3 , F(000)=729, μ(MoKa)=6.221mm-1 , R=0.0283 and wR=0.0564. The L2 dianions bridge neighboring Pb(Ⅱ) atoms to form a two-dimensional layer structure. The π-π interactions between the L1 ligands of neighboring layers led to a three-dimensional supramolecular architecture. The IR and TGA of the complex have been studied in detail.展开更多
In order to make the slag from desulphurization and slag skimming(SDSS)to be comprehensively recycled and utilized,a combined process of beneficiation and building materials preparation was proposed to recover iron fr...In order to make the slag from desulphurization and slag skimming(SDSS)to be comprehensively recycled and utilized,a combined process of beneficiation and building materials preparation was proposed to recover iron from SDSS,meanwhile to apply the remaining slag tailings as cement admixture.From this process,three iron-rich products were recovered in stages by clean gravity-magnetic separation,slag tailings were left.Slag powder was prepared by ultrafine grinding of slag tailings.The stability,setting time and cement mortar strength of the slag tailings cements(STC)which were mixed with Portland cement and slag powder were studied respectively.The results showed that a proper overall performance still could be obtained at the slag powder content of 30%.Chemical composition analysis,X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope(SEM)analysis were employed to assess the characteristics of the SDSS and the products obtained from the whole process.The results indicated that the three iron-rich products could be used as a raw material for steelmaking and ironmaking and the relatively large amount of calcium silicate(C_(2)S)and tricalcium silicate(C_(3)S)in the slag tailings make the addition of slag powder into the Portland cement feasible.展开更多
Inserting corrosion inhibitors into a lamellar protective coating is an effective way to improve the corrosion resistance of metal substrates.In this work,two kinds of environmentally friendly organic acid anions,aspa...Inserting corrosion inhibitors into a lamellar protective coating is an effective way to improve the corrosion resistance of metal substrates.In this work,two kinds of environmentally friendly organic acid anions,aspartic acid(ASP)and lauric acid(La),were explored as corrosion inhibitors to in situ intercalate into the Zn Al-layered double hydroxides(Zn Al-LDHs)on AZ31 magnesium alloys by a facile one-step hydrothermal method.The morphology,composition,structure and the corrosion resistance of these two LDHs coating before and after corrosion experiment were investigated.It is found that both the two kinds of Zn Al-LDHs films consist of uniform and dense layered nanosheets(NSs),and the NSs of ZnAl-ASP-LDHs films grow vertically,but those of ZnAl-La-LDHs films exhibit a staggered tilted structure.The corrosion current density of the two Zn Al-LDHs films are two orders of magnitude lower than that of Mg alloy substrate.After one week’s immersion in NaCl solution,the NSs structure of two kind of ZnAl-LDHs films still remains the uniform and densely coverage on Mg alloy.Owing to the larger d(003)spacing,the ZnAl-La-LDHs have better ability to absorb Cl-and release interlayer anions than Zn Al-ASP-LDHs.These results indicate that the Zn Al-LDHs films intercalated with organic anions,specially La anions,can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloy.展开更多
Coal mining has led to serious ecological damages in arid desert region of Northwest China.However,effects of climatic factor and mining activity on vegetation dynamics and plant diversity in this region remain unknow...Coal mining has led to serious ecological damages in arid desert region of Northwest China.However,effects of climatic factor and mining activity on vegetation dynamics and plant diversity in this region remain unknown.Wuhai City located in the arid desert region of Northwest China is an industrial city and dominated by coal mining.Based on Landsat data and field investigation in Wuhai City,we analyzed the vegetation dynamics and the relationships with climate factors,coal mining activity and ecological restoration projects from 2000 to 2019.Results showed that vegetation in Wuhai City mostly consisted of desert plants,such as Caragana microphylla,Tetraena mongolica and Achnatherum splendens.And the vegetation fractional coverage(VFC)and greenness rate of change(GRC)showed that vegetation was slightly improved during the study period.Normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)was positively correlated with annual mean precipitation,relative humidity and annual mean temperature,indicating that these climate factors might play important roles in the improved vegetation.Vegetation coverage and plant diversity around the coal mining area were reduced by coal mining,while the implementation of ecological restoration projects improved the vegetation coverage and plant diversity.Our results suggested that vegetation in the arid desert region was mainly affected by climate factors,and the implementation of ecological restoration projects could mitigate the impacts of coal mining on vegetation and ecological environment.展开更多
Accurate estimation of the solubility of a chemical compound is an important issue for many industrial proce sses.To overcome the defects of some thermodynamic models and simple correlations,a parallel neural network(...Accurate estimation of the solubility of a chemical compound is an important issue for many industrial proce sses.To overcome the defects of some thermodynamic models and simple correlations,a parallel neural network(PNN) model was conceived and optimized to predict the solubility of diosgenin in seven n-alkanols(C_(1)-C_(7)).The linear regression analysis of the parity plots indicates that the PNN model can give more accurate descriptions of the solubility of diosgenin than the ordinary neural network(ONN) model.The comparison of the average root mean square deviation(RMSD) shows that the suggested model has a slight advantage over the thermodynamic NRTL model in terms of the calculating precision.Moreover,the PNN model can reflect the effects of the temperature and the chain length of the alcohol solvent on the solution behavior of diosgenin correctly and can estimate its solubility in the n-alkanols with more carbon atoms.展开更多
In this paper,narrow-pulse power discharge is used to study the synergistic control of mercury and dioxins,in which 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene(TCB)was used as a dioxin analog,by using a selfdesigned experimental system.Th...In this paper,narrow-pulse power discharge is used to study the synergistic control of mercury and dioxins,in which 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene(TCB)was used as a dioxin analog,by using a selfdesigned experimental system.The competitive effects of NO,SO2 and HC1 on the TCB removal by non-thermal plasma are discussed.The influence of acid gas on TCB degradation is reflected in the competitive effect.NO has the greatest influence on TCB degradation efficiency.The oxidation efficiency of Hg°decreased by about 10%in all three acidic gas atmospheres,and the effect of each gas component on Hg()oxidation is complex.In the flue gas atmosphere of'acid gas+Hg°+TCB',the mechanism of the synergistic control of Hg°and TCB by the nonthermal plasma is different,which has competition and promotion relationship between each other.The contribution of various flue gas components to the results was complicated,but the overall experimental results show that the synergistic control effect of the system can continue to improve.According to the generated product backstepping,-OH plays an important role in the synergistic control of the degradation of Hg°and TCB.Through this study,we hope to provide basic research data for the collaborative control of flue gas in the incineration industry.展开更多
Aeolian sandy soil in mining areas exhibits intense evaporation and poor water retention capacity.This study was designed to find a suitable biochar application method to improve soil water infiltration and minimize s...Aeolian sandy soil in mining areas exhibits intense evaporation and poor water retention capacity.This study was designed to find a suitable biochar application method to improve soil water infiltration and minimize soil water evaporation for aeolian sand soil.Using the indoor soil column method,we studied the effects of three application patterns(A(0-20 cm was a mixed sample of mixed-based biochar and soil),B(0-10 cm was a mixed sample of mixed-based biochar and soil and 10-20 cm was soil),and C(0-10 cm was soil and 10-20 cm was a mixed sample of mixed-based biochar and soil)),four application amounts(0%(control,CK),1%,2%,and 4%of mixed-based biochar in dry soil),and two particle sizes(0.05-0.25 mm(S1)and<0.05 mm(S2))of mixed-based biochar on water infiltration and evaporation of aeolian sandy soil.We separately used five infiltration models(the Philip,Kostiakov,Horton,USDA-NRCS(United States Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service),and Kostiakov-Lewis models)to fit cumulative infiltration and time.Compared with CK,the application of mixed-based biochar significantly reduced cumulative soil water infiltration.Under application patterns A,B,and C,the higher the application amount and the finer the particle size were,the lower the migration speed of the wetting front.With the same application amount,cumulative soil water infiltration under application pattern A was the lowest.Taking infiltration for 10 min as an example,the reductions of cumulative soil water infiltration under the treatments of A2%(S2),A4%(S1),A4%(S2),A1%(S1),C2%(S1),and B1%(S1)were higher than 30%,which met the requirements of loess soil hydraulic parameters suitable for plant growth.The five infiltration models well fitted the effects of the treatments of application pattern C and S1 particle size(R2>0.980),but the R2 values of the Horton model exceeded 0.990 for all treatments(except for the treatment B2%(S2)).Compared with CK,all other treatments reduced cumulative soil water infiltration,except for B4%(S2).With the same application amount,cumulative soil water evaporation difference between application patterns A and B was small.Treatments of application pattern C and S1 particle size caused a larger reduction in cumulative soil water evaporation.The reductions in cumulative soil water evaporation under the treatments of C4%(S1),C4%(S2),C2%(S1),and C2%(S2)were over 15.00%.Therefore,applying 2%of mixed-based biochar with S1 particle size to the underlying layer(10-20 cm)could improve soil water infiltration while minimizing soil water evaporation.Moreover,application pattern was the main factor affecting soil water infiltration and evaporation.Further,there were interactions among the three influencing factors in the infiltration process(application amount×particle size with the most important interaction),while there were no interactions among them in the evaporation process.The results of this study could contribute to the rational application of mixed-based biochar in aeolian sandy soil and the resource utilization of urban and agricultural wastes in mining areas.展开更多
Hydrogels exhibit potential applications in smart wearable devices because of their exceptional sensitivity to various external stimuli.However,their applications are limited by challenges in terms of issues in biocom...Hydrogels exhibit potential applications in smart wearable devices because of their exceptional sensitivity to various external stimuli.However,their applications are limited by challenges in terms of issues in biocompatibility,custom shape,and self-healing.Herein,a conductive,stretchable,adaptable,self-healing,and biocompatible liquid metal GaInSn/Ni-based composite hydrogel is developed by incorporating a magnetic liquid metal into the hydrogel framework through crosslinking polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)with sodium tetraborate.The excellent stretchability and fast self-healing capability of the PVA/liquid metal hydrogel are derived from its abundant hydrogen binding sites and liquid metal fusion.Significantly,owing to the magnetic constituent,the PVA/liquid metal hydrogel can be guided remotely using an external magnetic field to a specific position to repair the broken wires with no need for manual operation.The composite hydrogel also exhibits sensitive deformation responses and can be used as a strain sensor to monitor various body motions.Additionally,the multifunctional hydrogel displays absorption-dominated electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding properties.The total shielding performance of the composite hydrogel increases to~62.5 dB from~31.8 dB of the pure PVA hydrogel at the thickness of 3.0 mm.The proposed bioinspired multifunctional magnetic hydrogel demonstrates substantial application potential in the field of intelligent wearable devices.展开更多
With the gradually increasing protection awareness about electromagnetic pollution,the demand for absorbing materials with renewability and environmental friendliness has attracted widespread attention.In this work,co...With the gradually increasing protection awareness about electromagnetic pollution,the demand for absorbing materials with renewability and environmental friendliness has attracted widespread attention.In this work,composites consisting of straw-derived biochar combined with NiCo alloy were successfully fabricated through high-temperature carbonization and subsequent hydrothermal reaction.The electromagnetic parameters of the porous biocarbon/NiCo composites can be effectively modified by altering their NiCo content,and their improved absorbing performance can be attributed to the synergy effect of magnetic-dielectric characteristics.An exceptional reflection loss of-27.0 dB at 2.2 mm thickness and an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.4 GHz(11.7-16.1 GHz)were achieved.These results revealed that the porous biocarbon/NiCo composites could be used as a new generation absorbing material because of their low density,light weight,excellent conductivity,and strong absorption.展开更多
基金the support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (22208355, 22178363 and 21978300)the financial support and mica samples from Changzi Wu and RIKA technology CO., LTD.
文摘The performance of pearlescent pigment significantly affected by the grain size and the roughness of deposited film. The effect of TiCl_(4) concentration on the initial deposition of TiO_(2) on mica by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition(APCVD) was investigated. The precursor concentration significantly affected the deposition and morphology of TiO_(2) grains assembling the film. The deposition time for fully covering the surface of mica decreased from 120 to 10 s as the TiCl_(4) concentration increased from 0.38%to 2.44%. The grain size increased with the TiCl_(4) concentration. The AFM and TEM analysis demonstrated that the aggregation of TiO_(2) clusters at the initial stage finally result to the agglomeration of fine TiO_(2) grains at high TiCl_(4) concentrations. Following the results, it was suggested that the nucleation density and size was easy to be adjusted when the TiCl_(4) concentration is below 0.90%.
基金supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MB038)National Natural Science Foundation of China (21808232 and 21978143)Financial support from the Qingdao University of Science and Technology
文摘The homogeneous/particulate fluidization flow regime is particularly suitable for handling the various gas–solid contact processes encountered in the chemical and energy industry.This work aimed to extend such a regime of Geldart-A particles by exerting the axial uniform and steady magnetic field.Under the action of the magnetic field,the overall homogeneous fluidization regime of Geldart-A magnetizable particles became composed of two parts:inherent homogeneous fluidization and newly-created magnetic stabilization.Since the former remained almost unchanged whereas the latter became broader as the magnetic field intensity increased,the overall homogeneous fluidization regime could be extended remarkably.As for Geldart-A nonmagnetizable particles,certain amount of magnetizable particles had to be premixed to transmit the magnetic stabilization.Among others,the mere addition of magnetizable particles could broaden the homogeneous fluidization regime.The added content of magnetizable particles had an optimal value with smaller/lighter ones working better.The added magnetizable particles might raise the ratio between the interparticle force and the particle gravity.After the magnetic field was exerted,the homogeneous fluidization regime was further expanded due to the formation of magnetic stabilization flow regime.The more the added magnetizable particles,the better the magnetic performance and the broader the overall homogeneous fluidization regime.Smaller/lighter magnetizable particles were preferred to maximize the magnetic performance and extend the overall homogeneous fluidization regime.This phenomenon could be ascribed to that the added magnetizable particles themselves became more Geldart-A than-B type as their density or size decreased.
基金gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22108145 and 21978143)the Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation(ZR2020QB189)+1 种基金State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing(SKLHOP202203008)the Talent Foundation funded by Province and Ministry Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Eco-chemical Engineering(STHGYX2201).
文摘The novel Fe-N co-doped ordered mesoporous carbon with high catalytic activity in m-cresol removal was prepared by urea-assisted impregnation and simple pyrolysis method.During the preparation of the Fe-NC catalyst,the complexation of N elements in urea could anchor Fe,and the formation of C3N4during urea pyrolysis could also prevent migration and aggregation of Fe species,which jointly improve the dispersion and stability of Fe.The FeN4sites and highly dispersed Fe nanoparticles synergistically trigger the dual-site peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for highly efficient m-cresol degradation,while the ordered mesoporous structure of the catalyst could improve the mass transfer rate of the catalytic process,which together promote catalytic degradation of m-cresol by PMS activation.Reactive oxygen species (ROS) analytic experiments demonstrate that the system degrades m-cresol by free radical pathway mainly based on SO_(4)^(-)·and·OH,and partially based on·OH as the active components,and a possible PMS activation mechanism by 5Fe-50 for m-cresol degradation was proposed.This study can provide theoretical guidance for the preparation of efficient and stable catalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants by activated PMS.
基金This work was supported by The Graduate Education and Teaching Reform Project of CUMTB(YJG202200301)The Yueqi Outstanding Scholar Award of CUMTB and Science and Technology Major Project of Ordos City-Iconic Innovation Team(202204).
文摘In order to gain practical experience and hands-on skills,full-time professional master degree postgraduate in mineral processing engineering should engage in professional practices.Nonetheless,a series of problems,including insufficient time for practice,low management level,inadequate implementation of the double-supervisor system,and poor results of professional practice,has reduced the effectiveness of professional practice.In view of the aforementioned problems and the characteristics of the discipline,this paper proposes several strategies for improving the effectiveness of professional practice for postgraduates in mineral processing engineering.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51504031)the innovation fund of the General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals(No.53319)
文摘Electrochemical measurements were conducted to study the electrochemical behavior of gold(Au) and its commonly associated minerals in alkaline thiourea solutions. The results indicated that without addition of any stabilizer, selective dissolution of Au from stibnite and pyrite was only possible at relatively low thiourea concentrations. As Na_2SiO_3 was added, pyrite started to become active and an oxidation peak appeared; the oxidation peaks of arsenopyrite and chalcocite appeared earlier than that of Au. The chalcocite peak shifted in the positive direction and the peak current increased. Stibnite did not show an oxidation peak and its current was nearly zero. Adding Na_2SiO_3 favored the selective dissolution of Au when its minerals were associated with chalcocite and stibnite. At p H 12, the Au anode dissolution peak current increased with stabilizer concentration. At 0.38 and 0.42 V and for Na_2SiO_3 concentration below 0.09 M, the current density continuously increased with Na_2SiO_3 concentration. The Na_2SiO_3 concentration had to be adequate to stabilize thiourea. When the potential was higher than 0.42 V, the surface of the Au electrode started to passivate. With an additional increase in potential, the presence of Na_2SiO_3 could not stop the inevitable decomposition of thiourea.
基金the University Innovation Research and Training Program(C201603050,C201703648,and C201803850)of China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing2018 University Student Entrepreneurship Practice Project。
文摘A systematic investigation of the graphene oxide composite reduced by either p-phenylenediamine oligomers or hydrazine hydrate was performed with field emission scanning electron microscopy,high resolution transmission electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,fourier transform infrared,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses.The electrical capacitance of the composite was evaluated by a cyclic voltammetry technique,while the properties of these prototype supercapacitors were measured by a chronopotentiometry technique.It was found that,under the solvothermal condition,the graphene oxide reduced by p-phenylenediamine oligomers was observed to have higher electrical capacitance than that reduced by hydrazine.The improved electrical capacitance can be attributed to that p-phenylenediamine oligomers are the more effective spacers for graphene layers;and they could also provide some pseudo-capacitance to the graphene oxide composite based on their conjugate structure.The results imply that graphene oxide modified by diamine oligomers has a good potential in energy storage devices.
基金supported by Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects,China(No.202202AG050015)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51504109)。
文摘The activation properties of ammonium oxalate on the flotation of pyrite and arsenopyrite in the lime system were studied in this work.Single mineral flotation tests showed that the ammonium oxalate strongly activated pyrite in high alkalinity and high Ca^(2+)system,whereas arsenopyrite was almost unaffected.In mineral mixtures tests,the recovery difference between pyrite and arsenopyrite after adding ammonium oxalate is more than 85%.After ammonium oxalate and ethyl xanthate treatment,the hydrophobicity of pyrite increased significantly,and the contact angle increased from 66.62°to 75.15°and then to 81.21°.After ammonium oxalate treatment,the amount of ethyl xanthate adsorption on the pyrite surface significantly increased and was much greater than that on the arsenopyrite surface.Zeta potential measurements showed that after activation by ammonium oxalate,there was a shift in the zeta potential of pyrite to more negative values by adding xanthate.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy test showed that after ammonium oxalate treatment,the O 1s content on the surface of pyrite decreased from 44.03%to 26.18%,and the S 2p content increased from 14.01%to 27.26%,which confirmed that the ammonium oxalatetreated pyrite surface was more hydrophobic than the untreated surface.Therefore,ammonium oxalate may be used as a selective activator of pyrite in the lime system,which achieves an efficient flotation separation of S-As sulfide ores under high alkalinity and high Ca2+concentration conditions.
基金the financial support of 21C Innovation Laboratory, Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd. (21COP-202212)the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), the Nankai University, Foundation of State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering (2022-K15)+1 种基金the China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), the Foundation of Top-notch Innovative Talents Cultivation (BBJ2023031) of China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51672029 and 51372271)。
文摘All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs) with inorganic solid-state-electrolytes(SSEs) have been regarded as the promising candidate for next-generation energy storage due to their high energy density and outstanding safety performance.However,the representative oxide and sulfide electrolytes suffer from low ionic conductivity and poor(electro)chemical stability,respectively.Herein,we report a series of new halide superionic conductors Li_(2+x)Hf_(1-x)In_(x)Cl_(6) with high ionic conductivity up to 1.05 mS cm^(-1) at 30 ℃ that are simultaneously stable to high voltage.By means of the characterization techniques and bond-valence site energy(BVSE) calculation,insights into the effect of the phase transformation and underlying ionic transport mechanism by In substitution for Hf in Li_(2)HfCl_(6) are provided.Importantly,with the increased amount of aliovalent substitution in Li_(2+x)Hf_(1-x)In_(x)Cl_(6) microcrystal framework,a gradual structure evolution from trigonal to monoclinic phase has been observed,which is accompanied by the redistribution of Li-ions to generate two dimensionally(2D) preferable diffusion pathways through octahedral-tetrahe dral-octahedral sites in In^(3+)-substituted Li_(2)HfCl_(6).Additionally,due to the oxidative stability of Insubstituted Li_(2)HfCl_(6),the bulk-type ASSBs with bare LiCoO_(2) deliver distinguished electrochemical performance.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFC2900800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51922091,51874247 and 52204285)+1 种基金Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2023NSFSC1978 and 2022YFS0455)Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing(No.BGRIMM-KJSKL-2023-05).
文摘Rare earth element is an important strategic metal,but the supply of high purity rare earth ores is growing slowly,which is in sharp contradiction with the rapidly growing demand.Froth flotation has been confirmed to be an effective method to separate bastnaesite from its gangue minerls.However,the traditional collectors are facing serious problems in flotation separation of minerals,requiring the addition of excess depressant and regulator in the flotation process.Herein,we proposed and synthesized novel Gemini hydroxamic acids Octyl-bishydroxamic acid(OTBHA),Decyl-bishydroxamic acid(DCBHA)and Dodecyl-bishydroxamic acid(DDBHA)as the collectors in bastnaesite-barite flotation system.The effect of different carbon chain lengths on the molecular properties were explored by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.DCBHA possessed a stronger reactivity compared with OCBHA and DDBHA.The flotation results verified the consistency of the computational calculation about the performance prediction of Gemini hydroxamic acids.Compared with OCBHA and DDBHA,DCBHA displayed superior collecting affinity toward bastnaesite,and did not float barite.Zeta potential results showed that the presence of DCBHA increased the potential of bastnaesite,while it had almost no effect on barite,indicating DCBHA had a stronger affinity for bastnaesite.Then,Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analyses indicated that the adsorption mechanism was due to two hydroxamate groups of DCBHA co-anchored on bastnaesite surface by forming five-membered hydroxamic―(O―O)―Ce complexes.In addition,atomic force microscopy(AFM)clearly observed that DCBHA uniformly aggregated on bastnaesite surface,which increased surface contact angle and improved the hydrophobicity of bastnaesite.
基金This study was financially supported by the Undergraduate Education and Teaching Research and Reform Project of CUMTB(J20ZD08,202112)the Yueqi Outstanding Scholar Award of CUMTB.
文摘Social economic growth and the increasing demand for mineral resources have promoted the development of metallic mineral processing technology.Therefore,in order to satisfy the demands for development in mining,cultivating comprehensive mineral processing engineering professionals with strong innovative practical skills has become the top priority in current education.We have established a new course,“Metallic Mineral Processing,”for students majoring in mineral processing engineering in universities,with coal and other sources of energy as the main focus.This paper analyzes the purpose and significance of setting up this course and the exploration of the reform of the teaching mode,with the aim of improving the teaching quality and ensuring the cultivation of mineral processing engineering undergraduates.
基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2022JCCXHH09 and 2022YJSHH01)the Yueqi Outstanding Scholar award of CUMTB+3 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.SQ2022YFC2900065)the Ordos Science&Technology Plan(No.202204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52274283)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization(No.CNMRCUKF2107)。
文摘In this work,the effect of ammonium sulfate on the adsorption characteristics of low-concentration Pb(Ⅱ)ions on the sulfidized hemimorphite surface was comprehensively investigated.The results showed that ammonium sulfate could increase the maximum recovery of hemimorphite from 69.42%to 88.24%under a low concentration of Pb(Ⅱ)ions.On the hemimorphite surface pretreated with ammonium sulfate,the adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ)ions was enhanced and the main species of Pb adsorbed was changed from Pb―O/OH to PbS.This was due to the larger amount of ZnS providing more effective adsorption sites for Pb components to generate Pb S.Meanwhile,the intensity of ZnS decreased with the formation of PbS,demonstrating that ZnS was covered by PbS which formed later on the mineral surface.It was beneficial for the adsorption of butyl xanthate on the hemimorphite surface to form more hydrophobic substances.As a result,ammonium sulfate played a crucial role in realizing the efficient recovery of hemimorphite.
基金Supported by the Institute Foundation of Siping City (No.2009011)
文摘A new Pb(Ⅱ) coordination polymer [Pb(L1)(L2)]·1.25H2O has been synthesized with 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (L1) and sebacic acid (H2L2) under hydrothermal conditions. Crystallographic data: triclinic, space group Pī with a=8.4890(17), b=12.471(3), c=14.604(3), α=67.04(3), β=74.08(3), γ=85.80(3)°, V=1368.0(5)3 , Z=1, C58H59F2N8O10.5Pb2 , Mr=1488.51, Dc=1.807g/cm3 , F(000)=729, μ(MoKa)=6.221mm-1 , R=0.0283 and wR=0.0564. The L2 dianions bridge neighboring Pb(Ⅱ) atoms to form a two-dimensional layer structure. The π-π interactions between the L1 ligands of neighboring layers led to a three-dimensional supramolecular architecture. The IR and TGA of the complex have been studied in detail.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1901902)the Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC1907162).
文摘In order to make the slag from desulphurization and slag skimming(SDSS)to be comprehensively recycled and utilized,a combined process of beneficiation and building materials preparation was proposed to recover iron from SDSS,meanwhile to apply the remaining slag tailings as cement admixture.From this process,three iron-rich products were recovered in stages by clean gravity-magnetic separation,slag tailings were left.Slag powder was prepared by ultrafine grinding of slag tailings.The stability,setting time and cement mortar strength of the slag tailings cements(STC)which were mixed with Portland cement and slag powder were studied respectively.The results showed that a proper overall performance still could be obtained at the slag powder content of 30%.Chemical composition analysis,X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope(SEM)analysis were employed to assess the characteristics of the SDSS and the products obtained from the whole process.The results indicated that the three iron-rich products could be used as a raw material for steelmaking and ironmaking and the relatively large amount of calcium silicate(C_(2)S)and tricalcium silicate(C_(3)S)in the slag tailings make the addition of slag powder into the Portland cement feasible.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2019jcyjmsxm X0566,cstc2018jcyj AX0450,cstc2018jcyj A2923,cstc2017jcyj AX0393)Projects of President Foundation of Chongqing University(2019CDXZWL002)+3 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2019CDXYWL0029,2018CDJDWL0011,106112017CDJQJ328839,106112016CDJZR288805)Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(KJKJQN201800102,KJQN201800619,KJ1703042)NSFC(11544010,11374359,11304405 and 1155305)the Sharing Fund of Large-scale Equipment of Chongqing University(201903150094)
文摘Inserting corrosion inhibitors into a lamellar protective coating is an effective way to improve the corrosion resistance of metal substrates.In this work,two kinds of environmentally friendly organic acid anions,aspartic acid(ASP)and lauric acid(La),were explored as corrosion inhibitors to in situ intercalate into the Zn Al-layered double hydroxides(Zn Al-LDHs)on AZ31 magnesium alloys by a facile one-step hydrothermal method.The morphology,composition,structure and the corrosion resistance of these two LDHs coating before and after corrosion experiment were investigated.It is found that both the two kinds of Zn Al-LDHs films consist of uniform and dense layered nanosheets(NSs),and the NSs of ZnAl-ASP-LDHs films grow vertically,but those of ZnAl-La-LDHs films exhibit a staggered tilted structure.The corrosion current density of the two Zn Al-LDHs films are two orders of magnitude lower than that of Mg alloy substrate.After one week’s immersion in NaCl solution,the NSs structure of two kind of ZnAl-LDHs films still remains the uniform and densely coverage on Mg alloy.Owing to the larger d(003)spacing,the ZnAl-La-LDHs have better ability to absorb Cl-and release interlayer anions than Zn Al-ASP-LDHs.These results indicate that the Zn Al-LDHs films intercalated with organic anions,specially La anions,can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloy.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC0504400)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020YJSHH06)。
文摘Coal mining has led to serious ecological damages in arid desert region of Northwest China.However,effects of climatic factor and mining activity on vegetation dynamics and plant diversity in this region remain unknown.Wuhai City located in the arid desert region of Northwest China is an industrial city and dominated by coal mining.Based on Landsat data and field investigation in Wuhai City,we analyzed the vegetation dynamics and the relationships with climate factors,coal mining activity and ecological restoration projects from 2000 to 2019.Results showed that vegetation in Wuhai City mostly consisted of desert plants,such as Caragana microphylla,Tetraena mongolica and Achnatherum splendens.And the vegetation fractional coverage(VFC)and greenness rate of change(GRC)showed that vegetation was slightly improved during the study period.Normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)was positively correlated with annual mean precipitation,relative humidity and annual mean temperature,indicating that these climate factors might play important roles in the improved vegetation.Vegetation coverage and plant diversity around the coal mining area were reduced by coal mining,while the implementation of ecological restoration projects improved the vegetation coverage and plant diversity.Our results suggested that vegetation in the arid desert region was mainly affected by climate factors,and the implementation of ecological restoration projects could mitigate the impacts of coal mining on vegetation and ecological environment.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Plan Project of Henan Province (No. 192102310232)。
文摘Accurate estimation of the solubility of a chemical compound is an important issue for many industrial proce sses.To overcome the defects of some thermodynamic models and simple correlations,a parallel neural network(PNN) model was conceived and optimized to predict the solubility of diosgenin in seven n-alkanols(C_(1)-C_(7)).The linear regression analysis of the parity plots indicates that the PNN model can give more accurate descriptions of the solubility of diosgenin than the ordinary neural network(ONN) model.The comparison of the average root mean square deviation(RMSD) shows that the suggested model has a slight advantage over the thermodynamic NRTL model in terms of the calculating precision.Moreover,the PNN model can reflect the effects of the temperature and the chain length of the alcohol solvent on the solution behavior of diosgenin correctly and can estimate its solubility in the n-alkanols with more carbon atoms.
文摘In this paper,narrow-pulse power discharge is used to study the synergistic control of mercury and dioxins,in which 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene(TCB)was used as a dioxin analog,by using a selfdesigned experimental system.The competitive effects of NO,SO2 and HC1 on the TCB removal by non-thermal plasma are discussed.The influence of acid gas on TCB degradation is reflected in the competitive effect.NO has the greatest influence on TCB degradation efficiency.The oxidation efficiency of Hg°decreased by about 10%in all three acidic gas atmospheres,and the effect of each gas component on Hg()oxidation is complex.In the flue gas atmosphere of'acid gas+Hg°+TCB',the mechanism of the synergistic control of Hg°and TCB by the nonthermal plasma is different,which has competition and promotion relationship between each other.The contribution of various flue gas components to the results was complicated,but the overall experimental results show that the synergistic control effect of the system can continue to improve.According to the generated product backstepping,-OH plays an important role in the synergistic control of the degradation of Hg°and TCB.Through this study,we hope to provide basic research data for the collaborative control of flue gas in the incineration industry.
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining,Open Foundation Ecological Self-Repair Mechanism and Promotion Technology in Shendong Mining Area,China(GJNY-18-73.19)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFC1806502)。
文摘Aeolian sandy soil in mining areas exhibits intense evaporation and poor water retention capacity.This study was designed to find a suitable biochar application method to improve soil water infiltration and minimize soil water evaporation for aeolian sand soil.Using the indoor soil column method,we studied the effects of three application patterns(A(0-20 cm was a mixed sample of mixed-based biochar and soil),B(0-10 cm was a mixed sample of mixed-based biochar and soil and 10-20 cm was soil),and C(0-10 cm was soil and 10-20 cm was a mixed sample of mixed-based biochar and soil)),four application amounts(0%(control,CK),1%,2%,and 4%of mixed-based biochar in dry soil),and two particle sizes(0.05-0.25 mm(S1)and<0.05 mm(S2))of mixed-based biochar on water infiltration and evaporation of aeolian sandy soil.We separately used five infiltration models(the Philip,Kostiakov,Horton,USDA-NRCS(United States Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service),and Kostiakov-Lewis models)to fit cumulative infiltration and time.Compared with CK,the application of mixed-based biochar significantly reduced cumulative soil water infiltration.Under application patterns A,B,and C,the higher the application amount and the finer the particle size were,the lower the migration speed of the wetting front.With the same application amount,cumulative soil water infiltration under application pattern A was the lowest.Taking infiltration for 10 min as an example,the reductions of cumulative soil water infiltration under the treatments of A2%(S2),A4%(S1),A4%(S2),A1%(S1),C2%(S1),and B1%(S1)were higher than 30%,which met the requirements of loess soil hydraulic parameters suitable for plant growth.The five infiltration models well fitted the effects of the treatments of application pattern C and S1 particle size(R2>0.980),but the R2 values of the Horton model exceeded 0.990 for all treatments(except for the treatment B2%(S2)).Compared with CK,all other treatments reduced cumulative soil water infiltration,except for B4%(S2).With the same application amount,cumulative soil water evaporation difference between application patterns A and B was small.Treatments of application pattern C and S1 particle size caused a larger reduction in cumulative soil water evaporation.The reductions in cumulative soil water evaporation under the treatments of C4%(S1),C4%(S2),C2%(S1),and C2%(S2)were over 15.00%.Therefore,applying 2%of mixed-based biochar with S1 particle size to the underlying layer(10-20 cm)could improve soil water infiltration while minimizing soil water evaporation.Moreover,application pattern was the main factor affecting soil water infiltration and evaporation.Further,there were interactions among the three influencing factors in the infiltration process(application amount×particle size with the most important interaction),while there were no interactions among them in the evaporation process.The results of this study could contribute to the rational application of mixed-based biochar in aeolian sandy soil and the resource utilization of urban and agricultural wastes in mining areas.
基金the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52231007,51725101,11727807,22088101,52271167)the Shanghai Excellent Academic/Technological Leaders Program(19XD1400400)+4 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(973 Project Nos.2018YFA0209100 and 2021YFA1200600)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022JCCXHH09)the Foundation for University Youth Key Teachers of Henan Province(2020GGJS170)the Support Program for Scientific and Technological Innovation Talents of Higher Education in Henan Province(21HASTIT004)Key Research Project of Zhejiang Lab(No.2021PE0AC02)。
文摘Hydrogels exhibit potential applications in smart wearable devices because of their exceptional sensitivity to various external stimuli.However,their applications are limited by challenges in terms of issues in biocompatibility,custom shape,and self-healing.Herein,a conductive,stretchable,adaptable,self-healing,and biocompatible liquid metal GaInSn/Ni-based composite hydrogel is developed by incorporating a magnetic liquid metal into the hydrogel framework through crosslinking polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)with sodium tetraborate.The excellent stretchability and fast self-healing capability of the PVA/liquid metal hydrogel are derived from its abundant hydrogen binding sites and liquid metal fusion.Significantly,owing to the magnetic constituent,the PVA/liquid metal hydrogel can be guided remotely using an external magnetic field to a specific position to repair the broken wires with no need for manual operation.The composite hydrogel also exhibits sensitive deformation responses and can be used as a strain sensor to monitor various body motions.Additionally,the multifunctional hydrogel displays absorption-dominated electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding properties.The total shielding performance of the composite hydrogel increases to~62.5 dB from~31.8 dB of the pure PVA hydrogel at the thickness of 3.0 mm.The proposed bioinspired multifunctional magnetic hydrogel demonstrates substantial application potential in the field of intelligent wearable devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2004177)the Henan Province Science and Technology Research and Development Project in 2020,China(No.202300410491)the Key Scientific Research Projects of Provincial Universities in 2021,China(No.21A430045)。
文摘With the gradually increasing protection awareness about electromagnetic pollution,the demand for absorbing materials with renewability and environmental friendliness has attracted widespread attention.In this work,composites consisting of straw-derived biochar combined with NiCo alloy were successfully fabricated through high-temperature carbonization and subsequent hydrothermal reaction.The electromagnetic parameters of the porous biocarbon/NiCo composites can be effectively modified by altering their NiCo content,and their improved absorbing performance can be attributed to the synergy effect of magnetic-dielectric characteristics.An exceptional reflection loss of-27.0 dB at 2.2 mm thickness and an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.4 GHz(11.7-16.1 GHz)were achieved.These results revealed that the porous biocarbon/NiCo composites could be used as a new generation absorbing material because of their low density,light weight,excellent conductivity,and strong absorption.
