Based on the analysis of the importance of professional cluster construction by ecological theory,with the change of social demand for talents,this paper explores the practice of environmental chemical professional cl...Based on the analysis of the importance of professional cluster construction by ecological theory,with the change of social demand for talents,this paper explores the practice of environmental chemical professional cluster construction in Pingdingshan University,including gradually perfecting teaching conditions and reforming teaching mode,breaking through the limitations of resources,integrating the boundaries of colleges and departments,integrating multiple resources,innovating systems and mechanisms,reconstructing professional clusters,decon-structing professional connotations,reorganizing curriculum systems,etc.,in order to better build the ecological chain network of education in application-oriented colleges and universities,realize the deep integration of industry and education,train future-oriented interdisciplinary applied talents of new engineering,and realize the construction of characteristic professional cluster in application-oriented colleges.展开更多
Environmental Microbiology is a professional basic course in the curriculum system of Environmental and Ecological Engineering major,which follows the requirements of ideological and political theories teaching in the...Environmental Microbiology is a professional basic course in the curriculum system of Environmental and Ecological Engineering major,which follows the requirements of ideological and political theories teaching in the course in higher education,and should be implemented in every course.Therefore,the construction of ideological and political theories teaching in the course should be an important task in the course construction of Environmental Microbiology.In view of the curriculum characteristics of Environmental Microbiology,such as multi-disciplinary feature,wide coverage and rapid development,it is an effective method for the construction of ideological and political theories teaching in the course of Environmental Microbiology by fully tapping the ideological and political elements of the curriculum,such as patriotism,scientific spirit and practical innovation,and integrating the ideological and political theories teaching in the course into the whole curriculum design and classroom teaching construction.展开更多
This study was performed to observe the effects of water on photosynthesis and water-related physiology in dominant shrubs in shell sand habitats.Four-year-old Periploca sepium seedlings were used as model species.A g...This study was performed to observe the effects of water on photosynthesis and water-related physiology in dominant shrubs in shell sand habitats.Four-year-old Periploca sepium seedlings were used as model species.A gradient of 12 water levels was established by artificially supplying the shell sand with water up to saturation and then allowing natural evapotranspiration to occur.The photo synthetic,chlorophyll fluorescence and stem sap flow parameters of P.sepium were measured under a range of water conditions.The different soil water conditions were classified according to the responses of these parameters.(1)With the increase in the relative water content(RWC)of the shell sand,the parameters of leaf photosynthesis,chlorophyll fluorescence and water-related physiology in P.sepium showed significant critical responses.The net photo synthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE),potential water use efficiency(WUEi),maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm),actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSII)and daily accumulation of stem sap flow all increased first and then decreased with increasing RWC,but the corresponding water conditions associated with their maximum values were not the same.An RWC of 69.40%was determined to be the optimal water condition for photosynthesis and water-related physiological activity in P.sepium.At an RWC of 36.61%,the mechanism of photosynthetic inhibition in P.sepium changed from stomatal limitation to nonstomatal limitation;this was also the minimum water requirement for maintaining normal photo synthetic processes.An RWC of 50.27%resulted in the highest WUE in P.sepium,indicating that moderate drought stress increased WUE.(2)Based on the quantitative relationship between the photo synthetic parameters of P.sepium and the shell sand water gradient,the soil water availability was classified into 6 water grades.The RWC range for maintaining strong photosynthesis and high WUE in P.sepium was 63.22-69.98%.(3)Gas exchange in P.sepium was inhibited under drought and waterlogging stresses.Under these conditions,the photosynthetic electron transport chain was blocked,and the dissipation of light energy as heat increased,which ultimately led to a decline in photo synthetic productivity;moreover,transpiration and dissipation were aggravated,and water transmission and utilization processes in P.sepium were hindered.A significant negative feedback regulation mechanism in the photosynthetic and water-related physiological processes of P.sepium was observed;this mechanism allowed P.sepium growing in shell sand to be highly adaptable to water stress.展开更多
This study presents a comparative study of the flocculation behavior of kaolinite induced by chitosan-graft-poly(acrylamide-dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride)(Chi-g-CPAM) and a commercial cationic polyacrylamide(CPAM...This study presents a comparative study of the flocculation behavior of kaolinite induced by chitosan-graft-poly(acrylamide-dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride)(Chi-g-CPAM) and a commercial cationic polyacrylamide(CPAM).The flocculation behaviour was characterised in terms of both flocculation kinetics and the corresponding morphology changes during flocculation.Both Chi-g-CPAM and CPAM were grafted from silica wafers by means of atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP).The quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation(QCM-D) tests were conducted.The equilibrium time flocculated by Chi-g-CPAM was found to be 0.46 times as that of CPAM,together with a larger total mass of kaolinite layer.The flocculation behaviour by Chi-g-CPAM can be well captured by a pseudo-first-order model.In contrast,the presence of CPAM leads to a more complex kinetics.A relatively larger fitting slope(0.4663) was obtained at the initial stage but the fitting slope droped to 0.2026 after 800 min,indicating a densification process caused by CPAM.The flocculation kinetics of CPAM can be captured by the Elovich model for the inital stage but the combination of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models for the latter stages,which can be attributed to the long chain of CPAM.With a dosage of 75 g/t,the settling test with Chi-g-CPAM exhibits the same turbidity in the supernatant but a smaller layer thickness of the settlement compared to CPAM.The study enables a better understanding of the flocculation behavior and contributes to the development of efficient flocculants in mineral processing and tailings treatment.展开更多
Effectively strengthening the surface sulfidation is essential for recovering hemimorphite by froth flotation.In this work,inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES)measurements,Visual MINTEQ ca...Effectively strengthening the surface sulfidation is essential for recovering hemimorphite by froth flotation.In this work,inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES)measurements,Visual MINTEQ calculation,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis,time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS)analysis,and micro-flotation experiments were explored to systematically investigate the effect of ammonium sulfate((NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4))on the formation of zinc sulfide species on hemimorphite surface and its role in sulfidation flotation.The results showed that(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)exhibited a positive influence on hemimorphite sulfidation flotation.It was ascribed to the number of zinc components in the form of Zn^(2+)and[Zn(NH_(3))_(i)]^(2+)(i=1–4)increased in the flotation system after hemimorphite treatment with(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),which was beneficial to its interaction with sulfur species in solution,resulting in a dense and stable zinc sulfide layer generated on the hemimorphite surface.[Zn(NH_(3))_(i)]^(2+)participated in the sulfidation reaction of hemimorphite as a transition state.In addition the sulfidation reaction of hemimorphite was accelerated by(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4).Thus,(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)presents a vital role in promoting the sulfidation of hemimorphite.展开更多
The authors regret that the acceptable daily intake(ADI)values of 0.082 μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1) for N,N-diethyl-3-methyl benzoyl amide(DEET),0.19 μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1) for triclosan,and 0.83 μg·kg^(-...The authors regret that the acceptable daily intake(ADI)values of 0.082 μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1) for N,N-diethyl-3-methyl benzoyl amide(DEET),0.19 μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1) for triclosan,and 0.83 μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1) for acetaminophen cited from a review by Murray et al.[1],as shown in Table S4 in Appendix A of the original article,were not correct.展开更多
A new type of carbon-inorganic absorbent with good oil-removing performance is prepared by sintering and activating petrochemical sludge. Of the absorbents prepared by three different methods (non-activated, vapor /8...A new type of carbon-inorganic absorbent with good oil-removing performance is prepared by sintering and activating petrochemical sludge. Of the absorbents prepared by three different methods (non-activated, vapor /840 ℃/6 h, CO2/1 000 ℃/2 h), the one prepared by the second method is the best in oil-removing, which can remove 60% of oil from petrochemical wastewater with a concentration of 76.42 mg/L. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the constituents of the adsorbents are basically similar to those of inorganic granulating materials, such as SiO2, Al2O3, orthoclase feldspar, iron ore, etc. Composition analysis reveals that the activated absorbent has a large specific surface area with a high carbon content in activated compositions and a good oil-removing capability.展开更多
The production environment of greenhouse cultivation is relatively closed,the multiple cropping index is high,the management of fertilizationwatering and pesticideapplication isblindtosomeextent,andthe phenomenonofcon...The production environment of greenhouse cultivation is relatively closed,the multiple cropping index is high,the management of fertilizationwatering and pesticideapplication isblindtosomeextent,andthe phenomenonofcontinuous cropping isalsocommonSoilquali-ty affects the sustainable development of greenhouse cultivation.Earthworm is a ubiquitous invertebrate organism in soil,an important part of soil system,a link between terrestrial organisms and soil organisms,an important link in the small cycle of soil material organisms,and plays an important role in maintaining the structure and function of soil ecosystem.Different ecotypes of earthworms are closely related to their habi-tats(soil layers)and food resource preferences,and then affect their ecological functions.The principle of earthworm regulating soil function is essentially the close connection and interaction between earthworm and soil microorganism.Using different ecotypes of earthworms and bio-logical agents to carry out combined remediation of greenhouse cultivation soil is a technical model to realize sustainable development of green-house cultivation.展开更多
Basalts from Hardat Tolgoi Mine were studied systematically by using petrochemical and isotope geochemical methods in order to discuss their chemical properties, diagenetic material sources and tectonic environment. T...Basalts from Hardat Tolgoi Mine were studied systematically by using petrochemical and isotope geochemical methods in order to discuss their chemical properties, diagenetic material sources and tectonic environment. The analysis results indicate that the alkali basalts are characterized by low silica and high alkalinic(Na>K) and iron-titanium contents. The distribution patterns of the rare earth elements(REE) are the "rightist" type, which typically show evident fractionation between light REEs and heavy REEs with(La/Yb)N ratios from 8.04 to 10.4, but no significant negative Eu anomalies were observed(δEu=1.01 to 1.04). The basalts are relatively enriched in large ion lithophile elements(LILE, Ba, Sr) and high field strength elements(HFSE, Nb, Ta, Hf). Ratios of 206Pb/204Pb vary between 18.434 and 18.550, ratios of 207Pb/204Pb are between 15.541 and 15.569, and ratios of 208Pb/204Pb are between 38.331 and 38.536. The diagenetic substance is believed from the asthenospheric mantle and in intraplate environment, which was constructed during continent stretch, without being significantly contaminated by crustal materials.展开更多
The leaching experiments of soils contaminated by heavy metal Pb or Cd were conducted with four kinds of environmental materials, polymer absorbent material (PAM) ,coal-based nutrient (CBN) ,mineral adsorption materia...The leaching experiments of soils contaminated by heavy metal Pb or Cd were conducted with four kinds of environmental materials, polymer absorbent material (PAM) ,coal-based nutrient (CBN) ,mineral adsorption material (MAM) and mineral chemical material (MCM) to explore Pb and Cd solidification effects. Then the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) analysis was used to explain the solidification mechanism of the effective environmental materials,and the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) test was applied to demonstrate their solidification morphology. The results showed that MCM was the best material for Pb solidification,and Pb concentration in the leachate accounted for 68. 6% of that in CK; MAM was the best material for Cd solidification,and the Cd concentration accounted for 74. 6% of that in CK. The FTIR analysis showed the functional groups,such as C-OH in MCM and COOH in MAM,could explain the adsorption mechanism by ion exchange and chemical bond force. The SEM images indicated there were obvious adsorption morphological changes in MCM and MAM after adsorbing Pb and Cd respectively.展开更多
Integrating ideological and political theories teaching into the whole process of classroom teaching construction is a new requirement for implementing the fundamental task of cultivating people by virtue and playing ...Integrating ideological and political theories teaching into the whole process of classroom teaching construction is a new requirement for implementing the fundamental task of cultivating people by virtue and playing the role of collaborative education.In order to realize the seamless integration of inorganic and analytical chemistry courses and ideological and political education,this paper summarizes the current situation of ideological and political research on inorganic and analytical chemistry courses in three major databases in China(VIP,CNKI and Wanfang),and sorts out the knowledge points,ideological and political elements and educational goals according to the content of the course chapters,to provide a basic guarantee for the ideological and political education construction of the course.展开更多
In recent years,circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash(CFA) is used as a raw material for geopolymer synthesis.Hydrogen peroxide was employed as a foaming agent to prepare CFA-based foam geopolymer.The particle ...In recent years,circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash(CFA) is used as a raw material for geopolymer synthesis.Hydrogen peroxide was employed as a foaming agent to prepare CFA-based foam geopolymer.The particle distribution,mineral composition,and chemical composition of CFA were examined firstly.Geopolymerization products were characterized by mechanical testing,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and X-ray fluorescence(XRF).The CFA-based foam geopolymer was successfully fabricated with different contents of hydrogen peroxide and exhibited uncompleted alkali reaction and reasonable strength with relative low atomic ratios of Si/Al and Si/Na.Type-C CFA in this research could be recycled as an alternative source material for geopolymer production.展开更多
The concentrates with different maceral contents were obtained from Kailuan coking coals with different coal ranks(Ro;ranvarying from 0.88%to 1.73%)by float–sink separation in lab.Then these concentrates were charact...The concentrates with different maceral contents were obtained from Kailuan coking coals with different coal ranks(Ro;ranvarying from 0.88%to 1.73%)by float–sink separation in lab.Then these concentrates were characterized by proximate analysis,ultimate analysis,petrography analysis and coking index determination.The results show that the vitrinite is characterized as nature of lower carbon content,higher hydrogen content,higher volatile matter and stronger caking property compared to inertinite.The relationships between variation rate of volatile matter and maximum volatile matter and coal ranks are identified,and a linear model is developed for fast determination of the maceral contents.Compared to inertinite-rich concentrate,the blending ratio of vitrinite-rich concentrate is increased by 13%,which is considered to be a potential technique based on maceral separation for expanding the coking coal resources.展开更多
The solubility and supersolubility of 3,4-bis(3-nitrofurazan-4-yl)furoxan(DNTF) in ethanol + water at different operation were determined by laser monitoring system under atmospheric pressure to study the metastable z...The solubility and supersolubility of 3,4-bis(3-nitrofurazan-4-yl)furoxan(DNTF) in ethanol + water at different operation were determined by laser monitoring system under atmospheric pressure to study the metastable zone width(MSZW). The modified Apelblat equation was adopted to correlate the experimental solubility data, and the correlation result showed perfect consistent with the experimental data. The standard dissolution enthalpy, standard dissolution entropy and Gibbs energy were calculated according to the experimental solubility data. The effect of the cooling rate, stirring rate, temperature and the concentration of ethanol + water on the MSZW was studied. It was found that the MSZW of DNTF increased with the increasing cooling rate, decreasing temperature, decreasing stirring rate and decreasing ratio of water. And the apparent nucleation order of DNTF in ethanol + water was calculated by the relationship between the cooling rate and the MSZW.展开更多
Coal-based Magnetic Activated Carbons (CMAC’s) were prepared from three representative coal samples of various ranks: Baorigele lignite from Inner Mongolia; Datong bitumite from Shanxi province; and Taixi anthracite ...Coal-based Magnetic Activated Carbons (CMAC’s) were prepared from three representative coal samples of various ranks: Baorigele lignite from Inner Mongolia; Datong bitumite from Shanxi province; and Taixi anthracite from Ningxia Hui Auto-nomous Region. Fe3O4 was used as a magnetic additive. A nitrogen-adsorption analyzer was used to determine the specific surface area and pore structure of the resulting activated carbons. The adsorption capacity was assessed by the adsorption of iodine and methylene blue. X-ray diffraction was used to measure the evolution behavior of Fe3O4 during the preparation process. Magnetic properties were characterized with a vibrating-sample magnetometer. The effect of the activation temperature on the performance of CMAC’s was also studied. The results show that, compared to Baorigele lignite and Taixi anthracite, the Datong bitumite is more appropriate for the preparation of CMAC’s with a high specific surface area, an advanced pore structure and suitable magnetic properties. Fe3O4 can effectively enhance the magnetic properties and control the pore structure by increasing the ratio of meso-pores. An addition of 6.0% Fe3O4 and an activation temperature of 880 °C produced a CMAC having a specific surface area, an iodine adsorption, a methylene blue adsorption and a specific saturation magnetization of 1152.0 m2/g, 1216.7 mg/g, 229.5 mg/g and 4.623 emu/g, respectively. The coal used to prepare this specimen was Datong bitumite.展开更多
Zeolite derived from coal-based solid wastes(coal gangue and coal fly ash)can overcome the environmental problems caused by coal-based solid wastes and achieve valuable utilization.In this paper,the physicochemical pr...Zeolite derived from coal-based solid wastes(coal gangue and coal fly ash)can overcome the environmental problems caused by coal-based solid wastes and achieve valuable utilization.In this paper,the physicochemical properties of coal gangue and coal fly ash are introduced.The mechanism and application characteristics of the pretreatment processes for zeolite synthesis from coal-based solid wastes are also introduced.The synthesis processes of coal-based solid waste zeolite and their advantages and disadvantages are summarized.Furthermore,the application characteristics of various coal-based solid waste zeolites and their common application fields are illustrated.Finally,we propose an alkaline fusion-assisted supercritical hydrothermal crystallization as an efficient method for synthesizing coal-based solid waste zeolites.In addition,more attention should be given to the recycling of alkaline waste liquid and the application of coal-based solid waste zeolites in the field of volatile organic compound adsorption removal.展开更多
A comparative study of the influence of elevated temperature on foam geopolymer using circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash(CFA) was reported. Foam geopoymers were prepared with different amounts of foam agent ...A comparative study of the influence of elevated temperature on foam geopolymer using circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash(CFA) was reported. Foam geopoymers were prepared with different amounts of foam agent and different Si O2/Al2O3 molar ratios of 3.1, 3.4, and 3.8. The mechanical, thermo-physical properties and microstructure of the foam geopolymers before and after exposure to elevated temperature of 800, 1000, and 1200 °C were investigated. The specimen with Si O2/Al2O3 molar ratio of 3.8 exhibits the highest compressive strength, better microstructure and dimension stability before and after firing. Carnegeite, nepheline, and zeolite crystalline phases appearing after exposure may contribute to the good post-exposure strength. Low weight foam geopolymer using CFA can increase strength and maintain higher stability as high as 1000 °C.展开更多
This research focused on the feasibility of applying the forward and reverse combustion approach to the in situ gasification of lignite with the production of hydrogen-rich syngas(H_(2)and CO).The so-called forward co...This research focused on the feasibility of applying the forward and reverse combustion approach to the in situ gasification of lignite with the production of hydrogen-rich syngas(H_(2)and CO).The so-called forward combustion gasification(FCG)and reverse combustion gasification(RCG)approach in which oxygen and steam are simultaneously fed to the simulated system of underground coal gasification(UCG)was studied.A simulated system of UCG was designed and established.The underground conditions of the coal seam and strata were simulated in the system.The combustion gasification of lignite has been carried out experimentally for almost 6.5 days.The average effective content(H_(2)+CO)of syngas during the FCG phase was 62.31%and the maximum content was 70.92%.For the RCG phase the corresponding figures are 61.33%and 67.91%.Thus,the feasibility of using RCG way for UCG has been demonstrated.The temperature profiles have been provided by using of 85 thermocouples during the model experiment,which portrayed the several nephograms of thermal data in the gasifier were of significance for the prospective gasification processes.展开更多
An ionic liquid system of [Bmim]X/[Bmim]OH(X Cl,BF4,and PF6,) was developed for the hydroly-sis of ethylene carbonate to ethylene glycol. The important parameters,such as the variety of ionic liquids,molar ratio of [B...An ionic liquid system of [Bmim]X/[Bmim]OH(X Cl,BF4,and PF6,) was developed for the hydroly-sis of ethylene carbonate to ethylene glycol. The important parameters,such as the variety of ionic liquids,molar ratio of [Bmim]X to [Bmim]OH,amount of ionic liquid,molar ratio of water to ethylene carbonate,reaction tem-perature,pressure and reaction time,were investigated systematically. Excellent yield(>93%) and high selectivity(99.5%) of ethylene glycol were achieved. Under the optimum reaction conditions,the ionic liquid system could be reused at least five times and the selectivity of ethylene glycol remained higher than 99.5%.展开更多
A series of granular activated carbons(GACs) were prepared by briquetting method from Chinese coals of different ranks and their blends,with coal pitch as the binder.Pore structural parameters including BET specific s...A series of granular activated carbons(GACs) were prepared by briquetting method from Chinese coals of different ranks and their blends,with coal pitch as the binder.Pore structural parameters including BET specific surface area(SBET),total pore volume(VT) and average pore diameter(da) were measured and calculated as well as process parameters such as yield of char(CY) and burn-off(B).The relationship between the pore structural parameters of the GAC from coal blend(BC-GAC) and the ones of the GACs from corresponding single coals(SC-GACs) was analyzed,in which an index,the relative error(d),was presented to define the bias between fitted values and experimental values of these parameters of the BC-GACs.The results show that the BC-GAC keeps qualitatively the pore structural features of the SC-GACs;as concerned as the quantitative relationship,the pore structural parameters of the BC-GAC from coal blend consisting of non-caking coals can be obtained by adding proportionally the pore structural parameters of the SC-GACs with d less than 10%.Meanwhile,for the BC-GAC from coal blend containing weak caking bituminous coal,the d increases up to 25% and the experimental pore size distribution differs greatly from the fitted one.展开更多
基金Supported by Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Pingdingshan University(2021-JY55,2020-JY05)Key Scientifie Research Project of Col-leges and Universities in Henan Province(22B180011)+2 种基金Project of Henan Sci-ence and Technology Department(232102320262)Ideological and Political Theories Teaching in Key Demonstration Courses at School Level in Pingdings-han College in 2022-Comprehensive Experiment of Environmental BiologyIde-ological and Political Theories Teaching in Demonstration Courses at School Level in Pingdingshan College in 2023-Ecological Engineering.
文摘Based on the analysis of the importance of professional cluster construction by ecological theory,with the change of social demand for talents,this paper explores the practice of environmental chemical professional cluster construction in Pingdingshan University,including gradually perfecting teaching conditions and reforming teaching mode,breaking through the limitations of resources,integrating the boundaries of colleges and departments,integrating multiple resources,innovating systems and mechanisms,reconstructing professional clusters,decon-structing professional connotations,reorganizing curriculum systems,etc.,in order to better build the ecological chain network of education in application-oriented colleges and universities,realize the deep integration of industry and education,train future-oriented interdisciplinary applied talents of new engineering,and realize the construction of characteristic professional cluster in application-oriented colleges.
基金Supported by Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Pingdingshan University (2020-JY05,2021-JY55)Key Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province (22B180011,23A550020)+1 种基金Henan Science and Technology Department Project (232102320262)Key Demonstration Courses with Ideological and Political Theories Teaching in Pingdingshan University in 2022.
文摘Environmental Microbiology is a professional basic course in the curriculum system of Environmental and Ecological Engineering major,which follows the requirements of ideological and political theories teaching in the course in higher education,and should be implemented in every course.Therefore,the construction of ideological and political theories teaching in the course should be an important task in the course construction of Environmental Microbiology.In view of the curriculum characteristics of Environmental Microbiology,such as multi-disciplinary feature,wide coverage and rapid development,it is an effective method for the construction of ideological and political theories teaching in the course of Environmental Microbiology by fully tapping the ideological and political elements of the curriculum,such as patriotism,scientific spirit and practical innovation,and integrating the ideological and political theories teaching in the course into the whole curriculum design and classroom teaching construction.
基金supported by the Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province(No.2019LY006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31770761)+1 种基金Open Research Fund Program of Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta(Binzhou University)(No.2020KFJJ03)the Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong ProvincemChina(No.TSQN201909152)。
文摘This study was performed to observe the effects of water on photosynthesis and water-related physiology in dominant shrubs in shell sand habitats.Four-year-old Periploca sepium seedlings were used as model species.A gradient of 12 water levels was established by artificially supplying the shell sand with water up to saturation and then allowing natural evapotranspiration to occur.The photo synthetic,chlorophyll fluorescence and stem sap flow parameters of P.sepium were measured under a range of water conditions.The different soil water conditions were classified according to the responses of these parameters.(1)With the increase in the relative water content(RWC)of the shell sand,the parameters of leaf photosynthesis,chlorophyll fluorescence and water-related physiology in P.sepium showed significant critical responses.The net photo synthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE),potential water use efficiency(WUEi),maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm),actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSII)and daily accumulation of stem sap flow all increased first and then decreased with increasing RWC,but the corresponding water conditions associated with their maximum values were not the same.An RWC of 69.40%was determined to be the optimal water condition for photosynthesis and water-related physiological activity in P.sepium.At an RWC of 36.61%,the mechanism of photosynthetic inhibition in P.sepium changed from stomatal limitation to nonstomatal limitation;this was also the minimum water requirement for maintaining normal photo synthetic processes.An RWC of 50.27%resulted in the highest WUE in P.sepium,indicating that moderate drought stress increased WUE.(2)Based on the quantitative relationship between the photo synthetic parameters of P.sepium and the shell sand water gradient,the soil water availability was classified into 6 water grades.The RWC range for maintaining strong photosynthesis and high WUE in P.sepium was 63.22-69.98%.(3)Gas exchange in P.sepium was inhibited under drought and waterlogging stresses.Under these conditions,the photosynthetic electron transport chain was blocked,and the dissipation of light energy as heat increased,which ultimately led to a decline in photo synthetic productivity;moreover,transpiration and dissipation were aggravated,and water transmission and utilization processes in P.sepium were hindered.A significant negative feedback regulation mechanism in the photosynthetic and water-related physiological processes of P.sepium was observed;this mechanism allowed P.sepium growing in shell sand to be highly adaptable to water stress.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51604019)the State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining,China(No.GJNY-20-113-12)the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing of China(No.BGRIMMKJSKL-2020-11)。
文摘This study presents a comparative study of the flocculation behavior of kaolinite induced by chitosan-graft-poly(acrylamide-dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride)(Chi-g-CPAM) and a commercial cationic polyacrylamide(CPAM).The flocculation behaviour was characterised in terms of both flocculation kinetics and the corresponding morphology changes during flocculation.Both Chi-g-CPAM and CPAM were grafted from silica wafers by means of atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP).The quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation(QCM-D) tests were conducted.The equilibrium time flocculated by Chi-g-CPAM was found to be 0.46 times as that of CPAM,together with a larger total mass of kaolinite layer.The flocculation behaviour by Chi-g-CPAM can be well captured by a pseudo-first-order model.In contrast,the presence of CPAM leads to a more complex kinetics.A relatively larger fitting slope(0.4663) was obtained at the initial stage but the fitting slope droped to 0.2026 after 800 min,indicating a densification process caused by CPAM.The flocculation kinetics of CPAM can be captured by the Elovich model for the inital stage but the combination of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models for the latter stages,which can be attributed to the long chain of CPAM.With a dosage of 75 g/t,the settling test with Chi-g-CPAM exhibits the same turbidity in the supernatant but a smaller layer thickness of the settlement compared to CPAM.The study enables a better understanding of the flocculation behavior and contributes to the development of efficient flocculants in mineral processing and tailings treatment.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2023YQTD03,2022JCCX HH09,2022YJSHH01)the Yueqi Outstanding Scholaraward of China University of Mining&Technology(Beijing)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52274283)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.SQ2022YFC2900065)the Ordos Science&Technology Plan(No.202204&2023XM06)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization(No.CNMRCUKF 2107)。
文摘Effectively strengthening the surface sulfidation is essential for recovering hemimorphite by froth flotation.In this work,inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES)measurements,Visual MINTEQ calculation,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis,time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS)analysis,and micro-flotation experiments were explored to systematically investigate the effect of ammonium sulfate((NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4))on the formation of zinc sulfide species on hemimorphite surface and its role in sulfidation flotation.The results showed that(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)exhibited a positive influence on hemimorphite sulfidation flotation.It was ascribed to the number of zinc components in the form of Zn^(2+)and[Zn(NH_(3))_(i)]^(2+)(i=1–4)increased in the flotation system after hemimorphite treatment with(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),which was beneficial to its interaction with sulfur species in solution,resulting in a dense and stable zinc sulfide layer generated on the hemimorphite surface.[Zn(NH_(3))_(i)]^(2+)participated in the sulfidation reaction of hemimorphite as a transition state.In addition the sulfidation reaction of hemimorphite was accelerated by(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4).Thus,(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)presents a vital role in promoting the sulfidation of hemimorphite.
文摘The authors regret that the acceptable daily intake(ADI)values of 0.082 μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1) for N,N-diethyl-3-methyl benzoyl amide(DEET),0.19 μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1) for triclosan,and 0.83 μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1) for acetaminophen cited from a review by Murray et al.[1],as shown in Table S4 in Appendix A of the original article,were not correct.
文摘A new type of carbon-inorganic absorbent with good oil-removing performance is prepared by sintering and activating petrochemical sludge. Of the absorbents prepared by three different methods (non-activated, vapor /840 ℃/6 h, CO2/1 000 ℃/2 h), the one prepared by the second method is the best in oil-removing, which can remove 60% of oil from petrochemical wastewater with a concentration of 76.42 mg/L. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the constituents of the adsorbents are basically similar to those of inorganic granulating materials, such as SiO2, Al2O3, orthoclase feldspar, iron ore, etc. Composition analysis reveals that the activated absorbent has a large specific surface area with a high carbon content in activated compositions and a good oil-removing capability.
基金Supported by Key Scientific Research Project in Colleges and Universities of Henan Province(22B180011)Project of Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(232102320262)+1 种基金Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Pingdingshan University(2021-JY55)Key Demonstration Course of Pingdingshan University in 2022——Comprehensive Experiment of Environmental Biology.
文摘The production environment of greenhouse cultivation is relatively closed,the multiple cropping index is high,the management of fertilizationwatering and pesticideapplication isblindtosomeextent,andthe phenomenonofcontinuous cropping isalsocommonSoilquali-ty affects the sustainable development of greenhouse cultivation.Earthworm is a ubiquitous invertebrate organism in soil,an important part of soil system,a link between terrestrial organisms and soil organisms,an important link in the small cycle of soil material organisms,and plays an important role in maintaining the structure and function of soil ecosystem.Different ecotypes of earthworms are closely related to their habi-tats(soil layers)and food resource preferences,and then affect their ecological functions.The principle of earthworm regulating soil function is essentially the close connection and interaction between earthworm and soil microorganism.Using different ecotypes of earthworms and bio-logical agents to carry out combined remediation of greenhouse cultivation soil is a technical model to realize sustainable development of green-house cultivation.
基金supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.40973030)
文摘Basalts from Hardat Tolgoi Mine were studied systematically by using petrochemical and isotope geochemical methods in order to discuss their chemical properties, diagenetic material sources and tectonic environment. The analysis results indicate that the alkali basalts are characterized by low silica and high alkalinic(Na>K) and iron-titanium contents. The distribution patterns of the rare earth elements(REE) are the "rightist" type, which typically show evident fractionation between light REEs and heavy REEs with(La/Yb)N ratios from 8.04 to 10.4, but no significant negative Eu anomalies were observed(δEu=1.01 to 1.04). The basalts are relatively enriched in large ion lithophile elements(LILE, Ba, Sr) and high field strength elements(HFSE, Nb, Ta, Hf). Ratios of 206Pb/204Pb vary between 18.434 and 18.550, ratios of 207Pb/204Pb are between 15.541 and 15.569, and ratios of 208Pb/204Pb are between 38.331 and 38.536. The diagenetic substance is believed from the asthenospheric mantle and in intraplate environment, which was constructed during continent stretch, without being significantly contaminated by crustal materials.
基金Supported by the National " Twelfth Five-Year" Plan for Science & Technology Support ( 2011AA100503)
文摘The leaching experiments of soils contaminated by heavy metal Pb or Cd were conducted with four kinds of environmental materials, polymer absorbent material (PAM) ,coal-based nutrient (CBN) ,mineral adsorption material (MAM) and mineral chemical material (MCM) to explore Pb and Cd solidification effects. Then the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) analysis was used to explain the solidification mechanism of the effective environmental materials,and the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) test was applied to demonstrate their solidification morphology. The results showed that MCM was the best material for Pb solidification,and Pb concentration in the leachate accounted for 68. 6% of that in CK; MAM was the best material for Cd solidification,and the Cd concentration accounted for 74. 6% of that in CK. The FTIR analysis showed the functional groups,such as C-OH in MCM and COOH in MAM,could explain the adsorption mechanism by ion exchange and chemical bond force. The SEM images indicated there were obvious adsorption morphological changes in MCM and MAM after adsorbing Pb and Cd respectively.
基金Supported by 2020 Teaching Reform Research Project of Pingdingshan University(2020-JY05)School-level Ideological and Political Demonstration Course of Pingdingshan University in 2023-Ecological Engineering+1 种基金Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(212102110189)High-level Talent Start-up Fund Project of Pingdingshan University(PXY-BSQD-202001).
文摘Integrating ideological and political theories teaching into the whole process of classroom teaching construction is a new requirement for implementing the fundamental task of cultivating people by virtue and playing the role of collaborative education.In order to realize the seamless integration of inorganic and analytical chemistry courses and ideological and political education,this paper summarizes the current situation of ideological and political research on inorganic and analytical chemistry courses in three major databases in China(VIP,CNKI and Wanfang),and sorts out the knowledge points,ideological and political elements and educational goals according to the content of the course chapters,to provide a basic guarantee for the ideological and political education construction of the course.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50872151)the National Key Technology Support Project(No.2009BAB48B02)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(Nos.2009KH09 and 2009QH02)the Specialized Research Fund for Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20120023110011)
文摘In recent years,circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash(CFA) is used as a raw material for geopolymer synthesis.Hydrogen peroxide was employed as a foaming agent to prepare CFA-based foam geopolymer.The particle distribution,mineral composition,and chemical composition of CFA were examined firstly.Geopolymerization products were characterized by mechanical testing,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and X-ray fluorescence(XRF).The CFA-based foam geopolymer was successfully fabricated with different contents of hydrogen peroxide and exhibited uncompleted alkali reaction and reasonable strength with relative low atomic ratios of Si/Al and Si/Na.Type-C CFA in this research could be recycled as an alternative source material for geopolymer production.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No.2010YH11)
文摘The concentrates with different maceral contents were obtained from Kailuan coking coals with different coal ranks(Ro;ranvarying from 0.88%to 1.73%)by float–sink separation in lab.Then these concentrates were characterized by proximate analysis,ultimate analysis,petrography analysis and coking index determination.The results show that the vitrinite is characterized as nature of lower carbon content,higher hydrogen content,higher volatile matter and stronger caking property compared to inertinite.The relationships between variation rate of volatile matter and maximum volatile matter and coal ranks are identified,and a linear model is developed for fast determination of the maceral contents.Compared to inertinite-rich concentrate,the blending ratio of vitrinite-rich concentrate is increased by 13%,which is considered to be a potential technique based on maceral separation for expanding the coking coal resources.
文摘The solubility and supersolubility of 3,4-bis(3-nitrofurazan-4-yl)furoxan(DNTF) in ethanol + water at different operation were determined by laser monitoring system under atmospheric pressure to study the metastable zone width(MSZW). The modified Apelblat equation was adopted to correlate the experimental solubility data, and the correlation result showed perfect consistent with the experimental data. The standard dissolution enthalpy, standard dissolution entropy and Gibbs energy were calculated according to the experimental solubility data. The effect of the cooling rate, stirring rate, temperature and the concentration of ethanol + water on the MSZW was studied. It was found that the MSZW of DNTF increased with the increasing cooling rate, decreasing temperature, decreasing stirring rate and decreasing ratio of water. And the apparent nucleation order of DNTF in ethanol + water was calculated by the relationship between the cooling rate and the MSZW.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No20776150)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No2008AA05Z308)
文摘Coal-based Magnetic Activated Carbons (CMAC’s) were prepared from three representative coal samples of various ranks: Baorigele lignite from Inner Mongolia; Datong bitumite from Shanxi province; and Taixi anthracite from Ningxia Hui Auto-nomous Region. Fe3O4 was used as a magnetic additive. A nitrogen-adsorption analyzer was used to determine the specific surface area and pore structure of the resulting activated carbons. The adsorption capacity was assessed by the adsorption of iodine and methylene blue. X-ray diffraction was used to measure the evolution behavior of Fe3O4 during the preparation process. Magnetic properties were characterized with a vibrating-sample magnetometer. The effect of the activation temperature on the performance of CMAC’s was also studied. The results show that, compared to Baorigele lignite and Taixi anthracite, the Datong bitumite is more appropriate for the preparation of CMAC’s with a high specific surface area, an advanced pore structure and suitable magnetic properties. Fe3O4 can effectively enhance the magnetic properties and control the pore structure by increasing the ratio of meso-pores. An addition of 6.0% Fe3O4 and an activation temperature of 880 °C produced a CMAC having a specific surface area, an iodine adsorption, a methylene blue adsorption and a specific saturation magnetization of 1152.0 m2/g, 1216.7 mg/g, 229.5 mg/g and 4.623 emu/g, respectively. The coal used to prepare this specimen was Datong bitumite.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2020YFC1806504 and 2019YFC1904903)the Yue Qi Young Scholar Project,China University of Mining&Technology(Beijing)(No.2017QN12).
文摘Zeolite derived from coal-based solid wastes(coal gangue and coal fly ash)can overcome the environmental problems caused by coal-based solid wastes and achieve valuable utilization.In this paper,the physicochemical properties of coal gangue and coal fly ash are introduced.The mechanism and application characteristics of the pretreatment processes for zeolite synthesis from coal-based solid wastes are also introduced.The synthesis processes of coal-based solid waste zeolite and their advantages and disadvantages are summarized.Furthermore,the application characteristics of various coal-based solid waste zeolites and their common application fields are illustrated.Finally,we propose an alkaline fusion-assisted supercritical hydrothermal crystallization as an efficient method for synthesizing coal-based solid waste zeolites.In addition,more attention should be given to the recycling of alkaline waste liquid and the application of coal-based solid waste zeolites in the field of volatile organic compound adsorption removal.
基金Project(20120023110011) supported by Doctoral Program of Higher Education of ChinaProjects(2009KH09,2009QH02) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘A comparative study of the influence of elevated temperature on foam geopolymer using circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash(CFA) was reported. Foam geopoymers were prepared with different amounts of foam agent and different Si O2/Al2O3 molar ratios of 3.1, 3.4, and 3.8. The mechanical, thermo-physical properties and microstructure of the foam geopolymers before and after exposure to elevated temperature of 800, 1000, and 1200 °C were investigated. The specimen with Si O2/Al2O3 molar ratio of 3.8 exhibits the highest compressive strength, better microstructure and dimension stability before and after firing. Carnegeite, nepheline, and zeolite crystalline phases appearing after exposure may contribute to the good post-exposure strength. Low weight foam geopolymer using CFA can increase strength and maintain higher stability as high as 1000 °C.
基金The work has been supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program 863 of China(2011AA050106)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2012YH01).
文摘This research focused on the feasibility of applying the forward and reverse combustion approach to the in situ gasification of lignite with the production of hydrogen-rich syngas(H_(2)and CO).The so-called forward combustion gasification(FCG)and reverse combustion gasification(RCG)approach in which oxygen and steam are simultaneously fed to the simulated system of underground coal gasification(UCG)was studied.A simulated system of UCG was designed and established.The underground conditions of the coal seam and strata were simulated in the system.The combustion gasification of lignite has been carried out experimentally for almost 6.5 days.The average effective content(H_(2)+CO)of syngas during the FCG phase was 62.31%and the maximum content was 70.92%.For the RCG phase the corresponding figures are 61.33%and 67.91%.Thus,the feasibility of using RCG way for UCG has been demonstrated.The temperature profiles have been provided by using of 85 thermocouples during the model experiment,which portrayed the several nephograms of thermal data in the gasifier were of significance for the prospective gasification processes.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China（2006AA06Z317） National Natural Science Foundation of China（20876162）+3 种基金 National Basic Research Program of China（2009CB219901） National Key Technology Research and Development Program（2008BAF33B04） National Science Fund of China（21006117） Science and Technology Project of Beijing（Y090081135）
文摘An ionic liquid system of [Bmim]X/[Bmim]OH(X Cl,BF4,and PF6,) was developed for the hydroly-sis of ethylene carbonate to ethylene glycol. The important parameters,such as the variety of ionic liquids,molar ratio of [Bmim]X to [Bmim]OH,amount of ionic liquid,molar ratio of water to ethylene carbonate,reaction tem-perature,pressure and reaction time,were investigated systematically. Excellent yield(>93%) and high selectivity(99.5%) of ethylene glycol were achieved. Under the optimum reaction conditions,the ionic liquid system could be reused at least five times and the selectivity of ethylene glycol remained higher than 99.5%.
基金financially supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No.2008AA05Z308)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.20776150)
文摘A series of granular activated carbons(GACs) were prepared by briquetting method from Chinese coals of different ranks and their blends,with coal pitch as the binder.Pore structural parameters including BET specific surface area(SBET),total pore volume(VT) and average pore diameter(da) were measured and calculated as well as process parameters such as yield of char(CY) and burn-off(B).The relationship between the pore structural parameters of the GAC from coal blend(BC-GAC) and the ones of the GACs from corresponding single coals(SC-GACs) was analyzed,in which an index,the relative error(d),was presented to define the bias between fitted values and experimental values of these parameters of the BC-GACs.The results show that the BC-GAC keeps qualitatively the pore structural features of the SC-GACs;as concerned as the quantitative relationship,the pore structural parameters of the BC-GAC from coal blend consisting of non-caking coals can be obtained by adding proportionally the pore structural parameters of the SC-GACs with d less than 10%.Meanwhile,for the BC-GAC from coal blend containing weak caking bituminous coal,the d increases up to 25% and the experimental pore size distribution differs greatly from the fitted one.
