This paper discusses the innovative methods of school-enterprise cooperation education mode in computer applied talent training.An innovative training model based on school-enterprise cooperation is proposed to promot...This paper discusses the innovative methods of school-enterprise cooperation education mode in computer applied talent training.An innovative training model based on school-enterprise cooperation is proposed to promote the cultivation of students’practical and innovative skills,so as to better adapt to the needs of society.By analyzing the key links and influencing factors of the training mode,this paper puts forward some concrete suggestions and measures to provide guidelines for universities and enterprises in personnel training.展开更多
With the rapid development of machine learning,the demand for high-efficient computing becomes more and more urgent.To break the bottleneck of the traditional Von Neumann architecture,computing-in-memory(CIM)has attra...With the rapid development of machine learning,the demand for high-efficient computing becomes more and more urgent.To break the bottleneck of the traditional Von Neumann architecture,computing-in-memory(CIM)has attracted increasing attention in recent years.In this work,to provide a feasible CIM solution for the large-scale neural networks(NN)requiring continuous weight updating in online training,a flash-based computing-in-memory with high endurance(10^(9) cycles)and ultrafast programming speed is investigated.On the one hand,the proposed programming scheme of channel hot electron injection(CHEI)and hot hole injection(HHI)demonstrate high linearity,symmetric potentiation,and a depression process,which help to improve the training speed and accuracy.On the other hand,the low-damage programming scheme and memory window(MW)optimizations can suppress cell degradation effectively with improved computing accuracy.Even after 109 cycles,the leakage current(I_(off))of cells remains sub-10pA,ensuring the large-scale computing ability of memory.Further characterizations are done on read disturb to demonstrate its robust reliabilities.By processing CIFAR-10 tasks,it is evident that~90%accuracy can be achieved after 109 cycles in both ResNet50 and VGG16 NN.Our results suggest that flash-based CIM has great potential to overcome the limitations of traditional Von Neumann architectures and enable high-performance NN online training,which pave the way for further development of artificial intelligence(AI)accelerators.展开更多
Emission and capture characteristics of a deep hole trap(H1)in n-GaN Schottky barrier diodes(SBDs)have been investigated by optical deep level transient spectroscopy(ODLTS).Activation energy(Eemi)and capture cross-sec...Emission and capture characteristics of a deep hole trap(H1)in n-GaN Schottky barrier diodes(SBDs)have been investigated by optical deep level transient spectroscopy(ODLTS).Activation energy(Eemi)and capture cross-section(σ_(p))of H1 are determined to be 0.75 eV and 4.67×10^(−15)cm^(2),respectively.Distribution of apparent trap concentration in space charge region is demonstrated.Temperature-enhanced emission process is revealed by decrease of emission time constant.Electricfield-boosted trap emission kinetics are analyzed by the Poole−Frenkel emission(PFE)model.In addition,H1 shows point defect capture properties and temperature-enhanced capture kinetics.Taking both hole capture and emission processes into account during laser beam incidence,H1 features a trap concentration of 2.67×10^(15)cm^(−3).The method and obtained results may facilitate understanding of minority carrier trap properties in wide bandgap semiconductor material and can be applied for device reliability assessment.展开更多
This paper aimed to propose two algorithms,DA-M and RF-M,of reducing the impact of multipath interference(MPI)on intensity modulation direct detection(IM-DD)systems,particularly for four-level pulse amplitude modulati...This paper aimed to propose two algorithms,DA-M and RF-M,of reducing the impact of multipath interference(MPI)on intensity modulation direct detection(IM-DD)systems,particularly for four-level pulse amplitude modulation(PAM4)systems.DA-M reduced the fluctuation by averaging the signal in blocks,RF-M estimated MPI by subtracting the decision value of the corresponding block from the mean value of a signal block,and then generated interference-reduced samples by subtracting the interference signal from the product of the corresponding MPI estimate and then weighting factor.This paper firstly proposed to separate the signal before decision-making into multiple blocks,which significantly reduced the complexity of DA-M and RF-M.Simulation results showed that the MPI noise of 28 GBaud IMDD system under the linewidths of 1e5 Hz,1e6 Hz and 10e6 Hz can be effectively alleviated.展开更多
Detection of maneuvering small targets has always been an important yet challenging task for radar signal processing.One primary reason is that target variable motions within coherent processing interval generate ener...Detection of maneuvering small targets has always been an important yet challenging task for radar signal processing.One primary reason is that target variable motions within coherent processing interval generate energy migrations across multiple resolution bins,which severely deteriorate the parameter estimation performance.A coarse-to-fine strategy for the detection of maneuvering small targets is proposed.Integration of small points segmented coherently is performed first,and then an optimal inter-segment integration is utilized to derive the coarse estimation of the chirp rate.Sparse fractional Fourier transform(FrFT)is then employed to refine the coarse estimation at a significantly reduced computational complexity.Simulation results verify the proposed scheme that achieves an efficient and reliable maneuvering target detection with-16dB input signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),while requires no exact a priori knowledge on the motion parameters.展开更多
When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(FL)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(ML)models in a distributed and decentralized environment.FL allows ...When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(FL)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(ML)models in a distributed and decentralized environment.FL allows ML models to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by malicious third parties.This paradigm has gained momentum in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to improve the efficiency of distributed learning and to accommodate numerous participants with their data sources.By virtue of FL,models can be learned from all such distributed data sources while preserving data privacy.The aim of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on FL,including a short methodology and a systematic analysis of existing software frameworks.Furthermore,our tutorial provides exemplary cases of study from three complementary perspectives:i)Foundations of FL,describing the main components of FL,from key elements to FL categories;ii)Implementation guidelines and exemplary cases of study,by systematically examining the functionalities provided by existing software frameworks for FL deployment,devising a methodology to design a FL scenario,and providing exemplary cases of study with source code for different ML approaches;and iii)Trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current FL landscape.The ultimate purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of FL in practical applications.展开更多
Nickel-manganese binary layered oxides with high working potential and low cost are potential candidates for sodium-ion batteries,but their electrochemical properties are highly related to compositional diversity.Dive...Nickel-manganese binary layered oxides with high working potential and low cost are potential candidates for sodium-ion batteries,but their electrochemical properties are highly related to compositional diversity.Diverse composite materials with various phase structures of P3,P2/P3,P2,P2/O3,and P2/P3/O3 were synthesized by manipulating the sodium content and calcination conditions,leading to the construction of a synthetic phase diagram for Na_(x)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)(0.45≤x≤1.1).Then,we compared the electrochemical characteristics and structural evolution during the desodiation/sodiation process of P2,P2/P3,P2/03,and P2/P3/O3-Na_(x)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.75)O_(2).Among them,P2/P3-Na0.75Ni0.25Mn0.75O2exhibits the best rate capability of 90.9 mA h g^(-1)at 5 C,with an initial discharge capacity of 142.62 mA h g^(-1)at 0.1 C and a capacity retention rate of 78.25%after 100 cycles at 1 C in the voltage range of 2-4.3 V.The observed superior sodium storage performance of P2/P3 hybrids compared to other composite phases can be attributed to the enhanced Na^(+)transfer dynamic,reduction of the Jahn-teller effect,and improved reaction reversibility induced by the synergistic effect of P2 and P3 phases.The systematic research and exploration of phases in Na_(x)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)provide new sights into high-performance nickel-manganese binary layered oxide for sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
In converged heterogeneous wireless networks, vertical handoff is an important issue in radio resource management and occurs when an end user switches from one network to another (e.g., from wireless local area networ...In converged heterogeneous wireless networks, vertical handoff is an important issue in radio resource management and occurs when an end user switches from one network to another (e.g., from wireless local area network to wideband code division multiple access). Efficient vertical handoff should allocate network resources efficiently and maintain good quality of service (QoS) for the end users. The objective of this work is to determine conditions under which vertical handoff can be performed. The channel usage situation of each access network is formulated as a birth-death process with the objective of predicting the available bandwidth and the blocking probability. A reward function is used to capture the network bandwidth and the blocking probability is expressed as a cost function. An end user will access the certain network which maximizes the total function defined as the combination of the reward function and the cost function. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the network performance, including higher bandwidth for end users and lower new call blocking and handoff call blocking probability for networks.展开更多
A hybrid model that is based on the combination of keywords and concept was put forward. The hybrid modelis built on vector space model and probabilistic reasoning network. It not only can exert the advantages of keyw...A hybrid model that is based on the combination of keywords and concept was put forward. The hybrid modelis built on vector space model and probabilistic reasoning network. It not only can exert the advantages of keywordsretrieval and concept retrieval but also can compensate for their shortcomings. Their parameters can be adjustedaccording to different usage in order to accept the best information retrieval result,and it has been proved by展开更多
This paper proposes a model of neural networks consisting of populations of perceptive neurons, inter-neurons, and motor neurons according to the theory of stochastic phase resetting dynamics. According to this model,...This paper proposes a model of neural networks consisting of populations of perceptive neurons, inter-neurons, and motor neurons according to the theory of stochastic phase resetting dynamics. According to this model, the dynamical characteristics of neural networks are studied in three coupling cases, namely, series and parallel coupling, series coupling, and unilateral coupling. The results show that the indentified structure of neural networks enables the basic characteristics of neural information processing to be described in terms of the actions of both the optional motor and the reflected motor. The excitation of local neural networks is caused by the action of the optional motor. In particular, the excitation of the neural population caused by the action of the optional motor in the motor cortex is larger than that caused by the action of the reflected motor. This phenomenon indicates that there are more neurons participating in the neural information processing and the excited synchronization motion under the action of the optional motor.展开更多
For the issue of evaluation of capability of enterprise agent coalition,an evaluation model based on information fusion and entropy weighting method is presented. The attribute reduction method is utilized to reduce i...For the issue of evaluation of capability of enterprise agent coalition,an evaluation model based on information fusion and entropy weighting method is presented. The attribute reduction method is utilized to reduce indicators of the capability according to the theory of rough set. The new indicator system can be determined. Attribute reduction can also reduce the workload and remove the redundant information,when there are too many indicators or the indicators have strong correlation. The research complexity can be reduced and the efficiency can be improved. Entropy weighting method is used to determine the weights of the remaining indicators,and the importance of indicators is analyzed. The information fusion model based on nearest neighbor method is developed and utilized to evaluate the capability of multiple agent coalitions,compared to cloud evaluation model and D-S evidence method. Simulation results are reasonable and with obvious distinction. Thus they verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the model. The information fusion model can provide more scientific,rational decision support for choosing the best agent coalition,and provide innovative steps for the evaluation process of capability of agent coalitions.展开更多
The general frame for the system of intelligence science was proposed, the common features of the researching objects of the intelligence science were summarized. The intelligence science consists of three portions: s...The general frame for the system of intelligence science was proposed, the common features of the researching objects of the intelligence science were summarized. The intelligence science consists of three portions: scientific foundation, technical methodology and application fields. The common features of intelligence science include complexity, intersection, nonlinearity, anthropomorphic property, uncertainty, incompleteness and distribution etc. The new proposed scientific branch would reflect the new height, new thought and new way for developing the control science and intelligent systems from one angle, and present a strong wish for establishing a new branch of intelligence science.展开更多
WISA 2006 has received 581 submissions and has accepted 65 papers for publication of this issue. These papers are involved in 8 research areas, including Web Information Mining and Retrieval, Semantic Web and Intellig...WISA 2006 has received 581 submissions and has accepted 65 papers for publication of this issue. These papers are involved in 8 research areas, including Web Information Mining and Retrieval, Semantic Web and Intelligent Web, Web Data Management and Information Integration, Web Application Framework and Architecture, Web Information Security, Web Services and Workflow Models, Text Processing and Decision Support, and Grid and Networking Technology. This paper gives an introduction to previous WISA conferences and a survey on the papers to be published in this issue.展开更多
ChatG PT,an artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) model developed by OpenAI,has attracted worldwide attention for its capability of dealing with challenging language understanding and generation tasks in th...ChatG PT,an artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) model developed by OpenAI,has attracted worldwide attention for its capability of dealing with challenging language understanding and generation tasks in the form of conversations.This paper briefly provides an overview on the history,status quo and potential future development of ChatGPT,helping to provide an entry point to think about ChatGPT.Specifically,from the limited open-accessed resources,we conclude the core techniques of ChatGPT,mainly including large-scale language models,in-context learning,reinforcement learning from human feedback and the key technical steps for developing ChatGPT.We further analyze the pros and cons of ChatGPT and we rethink the duality of ChatGPT in various fields.Although it has been widely acknowledged that ChatGPT brings plenty of opportunities for various fields,mankind should still treat and use ChatG PT properly to avoid the potential threat,e.g.,academic integrity and safety challenge.Finally,we discuss several open problems as the potential development of ChatGPT.展开更多
In this research, a near infrared multi-wavelength noninvasive blood glucose monitoring system with distributed laser multi-sensors is applied to monitor human blood glucose concentration. In order to improve the moni...In this research, a near infrared multi-wavelength noninvasive blood glucose monitoring system with distributed laser multi-sensors is applied to monitor human blood glucose concentration. In order to improve the monitoring accuracy, a multi-sensors information fusion model based on Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network is proposed. The Root- Mean-Square Error of Prediction for noninvasive blood glucose measurement is 0.088mmol/L, and the correlation coefficient is 0.94. The noninvasive blood glucose monitoring system based on distributed multi-sensors information fusion of multi-wavelength NIR is proved to be of great efficient. And the new proposed idea of measurement based on distri- buted multi-sensors, shows better prediction accuracy.展开更多
Cultivated strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa),a perennial herb belonging to the family Rosaceae,is a complex octoploid with high heterozygosity at most loci.However,there is no research on the haplotype of the octoplo...Cultivated strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa),a perennial herb belonging to the family Rosaceae,is a complex octoploid with high heterozygosity at most loci.However,there is no research on the haplotype of the octoploid strawberry genome.Here we aimed to obtain a high-quality genome of the cultivated strawberry cultivar,“Yanli”,using single molecule real-time sequencing and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture technology.The“Yanli”genome was 823 Mb in size,with a long terminal repeat assembly index of 14.99.The genome was phased into two haplotypes,Hap1(825 Mb with contig N50 of 26.70 Mb)and Hap2(808 Mb with contig N50 of 27.51 Mb).Using the combination of Hap1 and Hap2,we obtained for the first time a haplotype-resolved genome with 56 chromosomes for the cultivated octoploid strawberry.We identified a∼10 Mb inversion and translocation on chromosome 2-1.104957 and 102356 protein-coding genes were annotated in Hap1 and Hap2,respectively.Analysis of the genes related to the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway revealed the structural diversity and complexity in the expression of the alleles in the octoploid F.×ananassa genome.In summary,we obtained a high-quality haplotype-resolved genome assembly of F.×ananassa,which will provide the foundation for investigating gene function and evolution of the genome of cultivated octoploid strawberry.展开更多
According to the most mature marker based augmented reality system ARToolKit only utilizes absolute information in pose estimation, a novel technique is presented in this paper. The proposed method embeds the recursiv...According to the most mature marker based augmented reality system ARToolKit only utilizes absolute information in pose estimation, a novel technique is presented in this paper. The proposed method embeds the recursive information as well to make ARToolKit system smoother by eliminating the jitter and more robust to occlusion conditions. Experiments on the jitter improvement has been performed, the results show that the proposed method is very effective.展开更多
A method for maneuvering target tracking based on inductive factor of posture information is proposed.A distinguished characteristic of video frequency tracking is that it can capture the target posture changes from i...A method for maneuvering target tracking based on inductive factor of posture information is proposed.A distinguished characteristic of video frequency tracking is that it can capture the target posture changes from its picture easily,and the posture change means the motive model of the target will change.This information is very important to predict the trace of maneuvering target.Based on this idea,the quantified values of the target posture change are obtained using Hough algorithm,this key values are defined as inductive factor of posture information,and then,the multiple grey trace predict models are established and the degrees of fuzzy subordinate values for every model are calculated with the inductive factor,the maneuvering extent values are determined by a new analysis method of stochastic differential equations for each model used to modify the degree of fuzzy subordinate values,these constitute the weighted values for every grey predict collection.Finally,the synthesis predicting weighted result is obtained. The experimental results show that the new method is superior to the conventional algorithm.展开更多
In the 6G era,Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network(SAGIN)are anticipated to deliver global coverage,necessitating support for a diverse array of emerging applications in high-mobility,hostile environments.Under such co...In the 6G era,Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network(SAGIN)are anticipated to deliver global coverage,necessitating support for a diverse array of emerging applications in high-mobility,hostile environments.Under such conditions,conventional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)modulation,widely employed in cellular and Wi-Fi communication systems,experiences performance degradation due to significant Doppler shifts.To overcome this obstacle,a novel twodimensional(2D)modulation approach,namely orthogonal time frequency space(OTFS),has emerged as a key enabler for future high-mobility use cases.Distinctively,OTFS modulates information within the delay-Doppler(DD)domain,as opposed to the timefrequency(TF)domain utilized by OFDM.This offers advantages such as Doppler and delay resilience,reduced signaling latency,a lower peak-to-average ratio(PAPR),and a reduced-complexity implementation.Recent studies further indicate that the direct interplay between information and the physical world in the DD domain positions OTFS as a promising waveform for achieving integrated sensing and communications(ISAC).In this article,we present an in-depth review of OTFS technology in the context of the 6G era,encompassing fundamentals,recent advancements,and future directions.Our objective is to provide a helpful resource for researchers engaged in the field of OTFS.展开更多
High purity SiC crystal was used as a passive monitor to measure neutron irradiation temperature in the 49-2 research reactor.The SiC monitors were irradiated with fast neutrons at elevated temperatures to 3.2×10...High purity SiC crystal was used as a passive monitor to measure neutron irradiation temperature in the 49-2 research reactor.The SiC monitors were irradiated with fast neutrons at elevated temperatures to 3.2×10^(20)n/cm^(2).The isochronal and isothermal annealing behaviors of the irradiated SiC were investigated by x-ray diffraction and four-point probe techniques.Invisible point defects and defect clusters are found to be the dominating defect types in the neutron-irradiated SiC.The amount of defect recovery in SiC reaches a maximum value after isothermal annealing for 30 min.Based on the annealing temperature dependences of both lattice swelling and material resistivity,the irradiation temperature of the SiC monitors is determined to be~410℃,which is much higher than the thermocouple temperature of 275℃ recorded during neutron irradiation.The possible reasons for the difference are carefully discussed.展开更多
文摘This paper discusses the innovative methods of school-enterprise cooperation education mode in computer applied talent training.An innovative training model based on school-enterprise cooperation is proposed to promote the cultivation of students’practical and innovative skills,so as to better adapt to the needs of society.By analyzing the key links and influencing factors of the training mode,this paper puts forward some concrete suggestions and measures to provide guidelines for universities and enterprises in personnel training.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62034006,92264201,and 91964105)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2020JQ28 and ZR2020KF016)the Program of Qilu Young Scholars of Shandong University.
文摘With the rapid development of machine learning,the demand for high-efficient computing becomes more and more urgent.To break the bottleneck of the traditional Von Neumann architecture,computing-in-memory(CIM)has attracted increasing attention in recent years.In this work,to provide a feasible CIM solution for the large-scale neural networks(NN)requiring continuous weight updating in online training,a flash-based computing-in-memory with high endurance(10^(9) cycles)and ultrafast programming speed is investigated.On the one hand,the proposed programming scheme of channel hot electron injection(CHEI)and hot hole injection(HHI)demonstrate high linearity,symmetric potentiation,and a depression process,which help to improve the training speed and accuracy.On the other hand,the low-damage programming scheme and memory window(MW)optimizations can suppress cell degradation effectively with improved computing accuracy.Even after 109 cycles,the leakage current(I_(off))of cells remains sub-10pA,ensuring the large-scale computing ability of memory.Further characterizations are done on read disturb to demonstrate its robust reliabilities.By processing CIFAR-10 tasks,it is evident that~90%accuracy can be achieved after 109 cycles in both ResNet50 and VGG16 NN.Our results suggest that flash-based CIM has great potential to overcome the limitations of traditional Von Neumann architectures and enable high-performance NN online training,which pave the way for further development of artificial intelligence(AI)accelerators.
基金supported by ShanghaiTech University Startup Fund 2017F0203-000-14the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52131303)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.22ZR1442300)in part by CAS Strategic Science and Technology Program(Grant No.XDA18000000).
文摘Emission and capture characteristics of a deep hole trap(H1)in n-GaN Schottky barrier diodes(SBDs)have been investigated by optical deep level transient spectroscopy(ODLTS).Activation energy(Eemi)and capture cross-section(σ_(p))of H1 are determined to be 0.75 eV and 4.67×10^(−15)cm^(2),respectively.Distribution of apparent trap concentration in space charge region is demonstrated.Temperature-enhanced emission process is revealed by decrease of emission time constant.Electricfield-boosted trap emission kinetics are analyzed by the Poole−Frenkel emission(PFE)model.In addition,H1 shows point defect capture properties and temperature-enhanced capture kinetics.Taking both hole capture and emission processes into account during laser beam incidence,H1 features a trap concentration of 2.67×10^(15)cm^(−3).The method and obtained results may facilitate understanding of minority carrier trap properties in wide bandgap semiconductor material and can be applied for device reliability assessment.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China 2021YFB2900801the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program of CIC 2021QNRC001+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China NSFC,62201033,U22A2005the Foundation of the Beijing Engineering and Technology Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services.
文摘This paper aimed to propose two algorithms,DA-M and RF-M,of reducing the impact of multipath interference(MPI)on intensity modulation direct detection(IM-DD)systems,particularly for four-level pulse amplitude modulation(PAM4)systems.DA-M reduced the fluctuation by averaging the signal in blocks,RF-M estimated MPI by subtracting the decision value of the corresponding block from the mean value of a signal block,and then generated interference-reduced samples by subtracting the interference signal from the product of the corresponding MPI estimate and then weighting factor.This paper firstly proposed to separate the signal before decision-making into multiple blocks,which significantly reduced the complexity of DA-M and RF-M.Simulation results showed that the MPI noise of 28 GBaud IMDD system under the linewidths of 1e5 Hz,1e6 Hz and 10e6 Hz can be effectively alleviated.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.62171029,61931015,U1833203)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality (No.4172052)supported in part by the Basic Research Program of Jiangsu Province (No.SBK2019042353)。
文摘Detection of maneuvering small targets has always been an important yet challenging task for radar signal processing.One primary reason is that target variable motions within coherent processing interval generate energy migrations across multiple resolution bins,which severely deteriorate the parameter estimation performance.A coarse-to-fine strategy for the detection of maneuvering small targets is proposed.Integration of small points segmented coherently is performed first,and then an optimal inter-segment integration is utilized to derive the coarse estimation of the chirp rate.Sparse fractional Fourier transform(FrFT)is then employed to refine the coarse estimation at a significantly reduced computational complexity.Simulation results verify the proposed scheme that achieves an efficient and reliable maneuvering target detection with-16dB input signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),while requires no exact a priori knowledge on the motion parameters.
基金the R&D&I,Spain grants PID2020-119478GB-I00 and,PID2020-115832GB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.N.Rodríguez-Barroso was supported by the grant FPU18/04475 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by“ESF Investing in your future”Spain.J.Moyano was supported by a postdoctoral Juan de la Cierva Formación grant FJC2020-043823-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR.J.Del Ser acknowledges funding support from the Spanish Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial(CDTI)through the AI4ES projectthe Department of Education of the Basque Government(consolidated research group MATHMODE,IT1456-22)。
文摘When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(FL)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(ML)models in a distributed and decentralized environment.FL allows ML models to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by malicious third parties.This paradigm has gained momentum in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to improve the efficiency of distributed learning and to accommodate numerous participants with their data sources.By virtue of FL,models can be learned from all such distributed data sources while preserving data privacy.The aim of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on FL,including a short methodology and a systematic analysis of existing software frameworks.Furthermore,our tutorial provides exemplary cases of study from three complementary perspectives:i)Foundations of FL,describing the main components of FL,from key elements to FL categories;ii)Implementation guidelines and exemplary cases of study,by systematically examining the functionalities provided by existing software frameworks for FL deployment,devising a methodology to design a FL scenario,and providing exemplary cases of study with source code for different ML approaches;and iii)Trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current FL landscape.The ultimate purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of FL in practical applications.
基金supported by project from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21805018)by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2022ZHCG0018,2023NSFSC0117,2023ZHCG0060)+1 种基金the Yibin Science and Technology Program(2022JB005)project funded by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M722704)。
文摘Nickel-manganese binary layered oxides with high working potential and low cost are potential candidates for sodium-ion batteries,but their electrochemical properties are highly related to compositional diversity.Diverse composite materials with various phase structures of P3,P2/P3,P2,P2/O3,and P2/P3/O3 were synthesized by manipulating the sodium content and calcination conditions,leading to the construction of a synthetic phase diagram for Na_(x)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)(0.45≤x≤1.1).Then,we compared the electrochemical characteristics and structural evolution during the desodiation/sodiation process of P2,P2/P3,P2/03,and P2/P3/O3-Na_(x)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.75)O_(2).Among them,P2/P3-Na0.75Ni0.25Mn0.75O2exhibits the best rate capability of 90.9 mA h g^(-1)at 5 C,with an initial discharge capacity of 142.62 mA h g^(-1)at 0.1 C and a capacity retention rate of 78.25%after 100 cycles at 1 C in the voltage range of 2-4.3 V.The observed superior sodium storage performance of P2/P3 hybrids compared to other composite phases can be attributed to the enhanced Na^(+)transfer dynamic,reduction of the Jahn-teller effect,and improved reaction reversibility induced by the synergistic effect of P2 and P3 phases.The systematic research and exploration of phases in Na_(x)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)provide new sights into high-performance nickel-manganese binary layered oxide for sodium-ion batteries.
基金Project(20040533035) supported by the National Research Foundation for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of ChinaProject (50275150) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In converged heterogeneous wireless networks, vertical handoff is an important issue in radio resource management and occurs when an end user switches from one network to another (e.g., from wireless local area network to wideband code division multiple access). Efficient vertical handoff should allocate network resources efficiently and maintain good quality of service (QoS) for the end users. The objective of this work is to determine conditions under which vertical handoff can be performed. The channel usage situation of each access network is formulated as a birth-death process with the objective of predicting the available bandwidth and the blocking probability. A reward function is used to capture the network bandwidth and the blocking probability is expressed as a cost function. An end user will access the certain network which maximizes the total function defined as the combination of the reward function and the cost function. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the network performance, including higher bandwidth for end users and lower new call blocking and handoff call blocking probability for networks.
文摘A hybrid model that is based on the combination of keywords and concept was put forward. The hybrid modelis built on vector space model and probabilistic reasoning network. It not only can exert the advantages of keywordsretrieval and concept retrieval but also can compensate for their shortcomings. Their parameters can be adjustedaccording to different usage in order to accept the best information retrieval result,and it has been proved by
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.10872068,10672057)
文摘This paper proposes a model of neural networks consisting of populations of perceptive neurons, inter-neurons, and motor neurons according to the theory of stochastic phase resetting dynamics. According to this model, the dynamical characteristics of neural networks are studied in three coupling cases, namely, series and parallel coupling, series coupling, and unilateral coupling. The results show that the indentified structure of neural networks enables the basic characteristics of neural information processing to be described in terms of the actions of both the optional motor and the reflected motor. The excitation of local neural networks is caused by the action of the optional motor. In particular, the excitation of the neural population caused by the action of the optional motor in the motor cortex is larger than that caused by the action of the reflected motor. This phenomenon indicates that there are more neurons participating in the neural information processing and the excited synchronization motion under the action of the optional motor.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61173052)the China Postdoctoral Scinece Foundation(Grant No.2014M561363)
文摘For the issue of evaluation of capability of enterprise agent coalition,an evaluation model based on information fusion and entropy weighting method is presented. The attribute reduction method is utilized to reduce indicators of the capability according to the theory of rough set. The new indicator system can be determined. Attribute reduction can also reduce the workload and remove the redundant information,when there are too many indicators or the indicators have strong correlation. The research complexity can be reduced and the efficiency can be improved. Entropy weighting method is used to determine the weights of the remaining indicators,and the importance of indicators is analyzed. The information fusion model based on nearest neighbor method is developed and utilized to evaluate the capability of multiple agent coalitions,compared to cloud evaluation model and D-S evidence method. Simulation results are reasonable and with obvious distinction. Thus they verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the model. The information fusion model can provide more scientific,rational decision support for choosing the best agent coalition,and provide innovative steps for the evaluation process of capability of agent coalitions.
基金Projects (60234030 60404021) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The general frame for the system of intelligence science was proposed, the common features of the researching objects of the intelligence science were summarized. The intelligence science consists of three portions: scientific foundation, technical methodology and application fields. The common features of intelligence science include complexity, intersection, nonlinearity, anthropomorphic property, uncertainty, incompleteness and distribution etc. The new proposed scientific branch would reflect the new height, new thought and new way for developing the control science and intelligent systems from one angle, and present a strong wish for establishing a new branch of intelligence science.
文摘WISA 2006 has received 581 submissions and has accepted 65 papers for publication of this issue. These papers are involved in 8 research areas, including Web Information Mining and Retrieval, Semantic Web and Intelligent Web, Web Data Management and Information Integration, Web Application Framework and Architecture, Web Information Security, Web Services and Workflow Models, Text Processing and Decision Support, and Grid and Networking Technology. This paper gives an introduction to previous WISA conferences and a survey on the papers to be published in this issue.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFB1714300)National Natural Science Foundation of China (62293502, 61831022, 61976211)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS。
文摘ChatG PT,an artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) model developed by OpenAI,has attracted worldwide attention for its capability of dealing with challenging language understanding and generation tasks in the form of conversations.This paper briefly provides an overview on the history,status quo and potential future development of ChatGPT,helping to provide an entry point to think about ChatGPT.Specifically,from the limited open-accessed resources,we conclude the core techniques of ChatGPT,mainly including large-scale language models,in-context learning,reinforcement learning from human feedback and the key technical steps for developing ChatGPT.We further analyze the pros and cons of ChatGPT and we rethink the duality of ChatGPT in various fields.Although it has been widely acknowledged that ChatGPT brings plenty of opportunities for various fields,mankind should still treat and use ChatG PT properly to avoid the potential threat,e.g.,academic integrity and safety challenge.Finally,we discuss several open problems as the potential development of ChatGPT.
文摘In this research, a near infrared multi-wavelength noninvasive blood glucose monitoring system with distributed laser multi-sensors is applied to monitor human blood glucose concentration. In order to improve the monitoring accuracy, a multi-sensors information fusion model based on Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network is proposed. The Root- Mean-Square Error of Prediction for noninvasive blood glucose measurement is 0.088mmol/L, and the correlation coefficient is 0.94. The noninvasive blood glucose monitoring system based on distributed multi-sensors information fusion of multi-wavelength NIR is proved to be of great efficient. And the new proposed idea of measurement based on distri- buted multi-sensors, shows better prediction accuracy.
基金This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32130092,No.31872072)LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Pro-gram(No.XLYC1902069).
文摘Cultivated strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa),a perennial herb belonging to the family Rosaceae,is a complex octoploid with high heterozygosity at most loci.However,there is no research on the haplotype of the octoploid strawberry genome.Here we aimed to obtain a high-quality genome of the cultivated strawberry cultivar,“Yanli”,using single molecule real-time sequencing and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture technology.The“Yanli”genome was 823 Mb in size,with a long terminal repeat assembly index of 14.99.The genome was phased into two haplotypes,Hap1(825 Mb with contig N50 of 26.70 Mb)and Hap2(808 Mb with contig N50 of 27.51 Mb).Using the combination of Hap1 and Hap2,we obtained for the first time a haplotype-resolved genome with 56 chromosomes for the cultivated octoploid strawberry.We identified a∼10 Mb inversion and translocation on chromosome 2-1.104957 and 102356 protein-coding genes were annotated in Hap1 and Hap2,respectively.Analysis of the genes related to the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway revealed the structural diversity and complexity in the expression of the alleles in the octoploid F.×ananassa genome.In summary,we obtained a high-quality haplotype-resolved genome assembly of F.×ananassa,which will provide the foundation for investigating gene function and evolution of the genome of cultivated octoploid strawberry.
文摘According to the most mature marker based augmented reality system ARToolKit only utilizes absolute information in pose estimation, a novel technique is presented in this paper. The proposed method embeds the recursive information as well to make ARToolKit system smoother by eliminating the jitter and more robust to occlusion conditions. Experiments on the jitter improvement has been performed, the results show that the proposed method is very effective.
基金supported by the National Basic Research program of China(973 program)(613610303)
文摘A method for maneuvering target tracking based on inductive factor of posture information is proposed.A distinguished characteristic of video frequency tracking is that it can capture the target posture changes from its picture easily,and the posture change means the motive model of the target will change.This information is very important to predict the trace of maneuvering target.Based on this idea,the quantified values of the target posture change are obtained using Hough algorithm,this key values are defined as inductive factor of posture information,and then,the multiple grey trace predict models are established and the degrees of fuzzy subordinate values for every model are calculated with the inductive factor,the maneuvering extent values are determined by a new analysis method of stochastic differential equations for each model used to modify the degree of fuzzy subordinate values,these constitute the weighted values for every grey predict collection.Finally,the synthesis predicting weighted result is obtained. The experimental results show that the new method is superior to the conventional algorithm.
基金supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62101232in part by Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant 2022A1515011257in part by Shenzhen Science and Technology Program under Grant JCYJ20220530114412029。
文摘In the 6G era,Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network(SAGIN)are anticipated to deliver global coverage,necessitating support for a diverse array of emerging applications in high-mobility,hostile environments.Under such conditions,conventional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)modulation,widely employed in cellular and Wi-Fi communication systems,experiences performance degradation due to significant Doppler shifts.To overcome this obstacle,a novel twodimensional(2D)modulation approach,namely orthogonal time frequency space(OTFS),has emerged as a key enabler for future high-mobility use cases.Distinctively,OTFS modulates information within the delay-Doppler(DD)domain,as opposed to the timefrequency(TF)domain utilized by OFDM.This offers advantages such as Doppler and delay resilience,reduced signaling latency,a lower peak-to-average ratio(PAPR),and a reduced-complexity implementation.Recent studies further indicate that the direct interplay between information and the physical world in the DD domain positions OTFS as a promising waveform for achieving integrated sensing and communications(ISAC).In this article,we present an in-depth review of OTFS technology in the context of the 6G era,encompassing fundamentals,recent advancements,and future directions.Our objective is to provide a helpful resource for researchers engaged in the field of OTFS.
文摘High purity SiC crystal was used as a passive monitor to measure neutron irradiation temperature in the 49-2 research reactor.The SiC monitors were irradiated with fast neutrons at elevated temperatures to 3.2×10^(20)n/cm^(2).The isochronal and isothermal annealing behaviors of the irradiated SiC were investigated by x-ray diffraction and four-point probe techniques.Invisible point defects and defect clusters are found to be the dominating defect types in the neutron-irradiated SiC.The amount of defect recovery in SiC reaches a maximum value after isothermal annealing for 30 min.Based on the annealing temperature dependences of both lattice swelling and material resistivity,the irradiation temperature of the SiC monitors is determined to be~410℃,which is much higher than the thermocouple temperature of 275℃ recorded during neutron irradiation.The possible reasons for the difference are carefully discussed.
