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Archaea and the human gut:New beginning of an old story 被引量:6
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作者 Nadia Gaci Guillaume Borrel +2 位作者 William Tottey Paul William O’Toole Jean-Fran?ois Brugère 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2014年第43期16062-16078,共17页
Methanogenic archaea are known as human gut inhabitants since more than 30 years ago through the detection of methane in the breath and isolation of two methanogenic species belonging to the order Methanobacteriales, ... Methanogenic archaea are known as human gut inhabitants since more than 30 years ago through the detection of methane in the breath and isolation of two methanogenic species belonging to the order Methanobacteriales, Methanobrevibacter smithii and Methanosphaera stadtmanae. During the last decade, diversity of archaea encountered in the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) has been extended by sequence identification and culturing of new strains. Here we provide an updated census of the archaeal diversity associated with the human GIT and their possible role in the gut physiology and health. We particularly focus on the still poorly characterized 7<sup>th</sup> order of methanogens, the Methanomassiliicoccales, associated to aged population. While also largely distributed in non-GIT environments, our actual knowledge on this novel order of methanogens has been mainly revealed through GIT inhabitants. They enlarge the number of final electron acceptors of the gut metabolites to mono- di- and trimethylamine. Trimethylamine is exclusively a microbiota-derived product of nutrients (lecithin, choline, TMAO, L-carnitine) from normal diet, from which seems originate two diseases, trimethylaminuria (or Fish-Odor Syndrome) and cardiovascular disease through the proatherogenic property of its oxidized liver-derived form. This therefore supports interest on these methanogenic species and its use as archaebiotics, a term coined from the notion of archaea-derived probiotics. 展开更多
关键词 Human gut microbiota METHANOGENS Methanomassiliicoccus Methanomethylophilus Trimethylaminuria TRIMETHYLAMINE Methane Cardiovascular disease Archaebiotics PROBIOTICS
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Characterization of oral yeasts isolated from healthy individuals attended in different Colombian dental clinics
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作者 Raul Eduardo Rivera Alejandra Zuluaga +18 位作者 Karen Arango Itzjak Kadar Paola Andrea Pinillos Luis Fernando Montes Eugenia Catalina Cepeda Ernesto Gonzalez Pedro Antonio Alfonso Andrea Alejandra Villalba Luis Fernando Casanova Adolfo Perez Armando Roa Martha Jhoana Arias Jorge Orlando Francisco Cuellar Lorena Pedraza Adiel Alberto Vasquez Blanca Lynne Suarez Beatriz LGomez Catalina De Bedout Luz Elena Cano 《The Journal of Biomedical Research》 CAS CSCD 2019年第5期333-342,共10页
The aim of this study was to identify the most frequent yeasts in the oral cavity of adult individuals without immune disorders and to associate the presence of these oral yeasts with different characteristics of each... The aim of this study was to identify the most frequent yeasts in the oral cavity of adult individuals without immune disorders and to associate the presence of these oral yeasts with different characteristics of each individual. Oral rinse samples were obtained from 96 healthy adults and cultured in Sabouraud dextrose agar media and CHROMagar. Yeasts were identified by sequencing the D1/D2 region of the 28 S rRNA gene. Probable association among the socio-demographic characteristics, body mass index, family and personal medical history,oral hygiene, tobacco and/or alcohol consumption habits and presence of oral fungi was analyzed. Contingency tables and logistic regression were employed to evaluate possible relationships between the presence of oral fungi and mixed colonization with these variables. 57.3% of the healthy individuals had oral yeasts and 21.8% had mixed colonization. The most prevalent yeasts were Candida albicans(52%), C. parapsilosis(17.9%), and C.dubliniensis(7.57%). Yeasts with most frequently mixed colonization were C. albicans and C. parapsilosis. No relationships were found among the variables analyzed. However, the presence of mixed colonization was related to the presence of dental prostheses(P<0.006), dental apparatuses(P=0.016) and O’Leary index(P=0.012). This is the first study that characterized oral yeasts in Colombian healthy individuals, determined the most prevalent oral yeasts C. albicans, C. parapsilosis and C. dublinensis and an association of mixed colonization with the use of dental prostheses and aparatology and poor hygiene. 展开更多
关键词 oral yeast Candida species microbial epidemiology
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抗菌肽及其应用前景概述 被引量:8
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作者 董世雷 刘伟 +2 位作者 谢秀芝 YU Hong-wei 王欣 《浙江农业学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2011年第6期1274-1281,共8页
抗菌肽是生物体产生的一种具有抗菌活性的多肽类物质,它对细菌、真菌和病毒等都具有明显的杀伤作用。抗菌肽有望开发成为防治人和动物疾病的药物,应用前景广阔。文章对抗菌肽的结构特征、作用机制及应用前景进行了综述,以期为抗菌肽的... 抗菌肽是生物体产生的一种具有抗菌活性的多肽类物质,它对细菌、真菌和病毒等都具有明显的杀伤作用。抗菌肽有望开发成为防治人和动物疾病的药物,应用前景广阔。文章对抗菌肽的结构特征、作用机制及应用前景进行了综述,以期为抗菌肽的更深层次的研究与应用提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 抗菌肽 结构特征 作用机制 应用前景
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Evaluation of biostimulation and Tween 80 addition for the bioremediation of long-term DDT-contaminated soil 被引量:6
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作者 Bibiana Betancur-Corredor Nancy J.Pino +1 位作者 Santiago Cardona Gustavo A.Peuela 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第2期101-109,共9页
The bioremediation of a long-term contaminated soil through biostimulation and surfactant addition was evaluated. The concentrations of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane(DDT) and its metabolites 1,1-di... The bioremediation of a long-term contaminated soil through biostimulation and surfactant addition was evaluated. The concentrations of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane(DDT) and its metabolites 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethane(DDD) and1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethylene(DDE) were monitored during an 8-week remediation process. Physicochemical characterization of the treated soil was performed before and after the bioremediation process. The isolation and identification of predominant microorganisms during the remediation process were also carried out. The efficiency of detoxification was evaluated after each bioremediation protocol. Humidity and p H and the heterotrophic microorganism count were monitored weekly. The DDT concentration was reduced by 79% after 8 weeks via biostimulation with surfactant addition(B + S) and 94.3%via biostimulation alone(B). Likewise, the concentrations of the metabolites DDE and DDD were reduced to levels below the quantification limits. The microorganisms isolated during bioremediation were identified as Bacillus thuringiensis, Flavobacterium sp., Cuprivadius sp.,Variovorax soli, Phenylobacterium sp. and Lysobacter sp., among others. Analysis with scanning electron microscopy(SEM) allowed visualization of the colonization patterns of soil particles. The toxicity of the soil before and after bioremediation was evaluated using Vibrio fischeri as a bioluminescent sensor. A decrease in the toxic potential of the soil was verified by the increase of the concentration/effect relationship EC50 to 26.9% and 27.2% for B + S and B, respectively, compared to 0.4% obtained for the soil before treatment and 2.5%by natural attenuation after 8 weeks of treatment. 展开更多
关键词 DDT Soil BIOREMEDIATION BIOSTIMULATION SURFACTANT TOXICITY
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Phage-mediated horizontal gene transfer and its implications for the human gut microbiome
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作者 Tatiana Borodovich Andrey N.Shkoporov +1 位作者 R.Paul Ross Colin Hill 《Gastroenterology Report》 SCIE EI 2022年第1期78-89,共12页
Horizontal gene transfer(HGT)in the microbiome has profound consequences for human health and disease.The spread of antibiotic resistance genes,virulence,and pathogenicity determinants predominantly occurs by way of H... Horizontal gene transfer(HGT)in the microbiome has profound consequences for human health and disease.The spread of antibiotic resistance genes,virulence,and pathogenicity determinants predominantly occurs by way of HGT.Evidence exists of extensive horizontal transfer in the human gut microbiome.Phage transduction is a type of HGT event in which a bacteriophage transfers non-viral DNA from one bacterial host cell to another.The abundance of tailed bacteriophages in the human gut suggests that transduction could act as a significant mode of HGT in the gut microbiome.Here we review in detail the known mechanisms of phage-mediated HGT,namely specialized and generalized transduction,lateral transduction,gene-transfer agents,and molecular piracy,as well as methods used to detect phage-mediated HGT,and discuss its potential implications for the human gut microbiome. 展开更多
关键词 gut phageome horizontal gene transfer gene transduction phage-mediated gene transfer
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