Since the beginning of the 21st century,various crisis events have occurred frequently,inflicting substantial impacts on the tourism sector,which has garnered considerable scholarly and policy attention.Nevertheless,l...Since the beginning of the 21st century,various crisis events have occurred frequently,inflicting substantial impacts on the tourism sector,which has garnered considerable scholarly and policy attention.Nevertheless,limited research has systematically explored tourism resilience at the urban scale,and there is a paucity of studies comparing regional differences in tourism resilience under distinct crisis scenarios and their underlying causes.Thus,this study focuses on the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,employing Martin’s regional economic resilience measurement method.It assesses the tourism resilience of the two regions under the impact of the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic,subsequently visualizing the data results using ArcGIS software.The study also endeavors to unveil potential causes for disparities in urban tourism resilience.The main conclusions are as follows:Firstly,regions with higher economic development exhibit relatively weaker tourism resilience during economic crises,yet demonstrate comparatively stronger resilience during public crises.Secondly,distinct differentiations exist both between and within the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,primarily stemming from variations such as geographical positioning,tourism resource endowments,and industrial and economic structures,both regionally and within individual cities.Thirdly,the determination of regional tourism resilience is intricate and cannot be restricted to a single dimension;multidimensional indicators better encapsulate the essence of regional tourism resilience.展开更多
Theme park development has become an important choice for tourism space development in Chinese cities,and the theming of space as well as the implied consumption symbols and cultural implications are usually viewed as...Theme park development has become an important choice for tourism space development in Chinese cities,and the theming of space as well as the implied consumption symbols and cultural implications are usually viewed as examples for the development of other urban spaces,such as cultural tourism towns.The result is the Disneyization of urban tourism space.With the construction of characteristic towns being vigorously promoted throughout China,cultural tourism towns are springing up.They are typical of the“Wuzhen Town Mode”and represent the process of the Disneyization of tourism space in China.This research reflects on the evolution of the characteristics of tourism space in China.Taking the Wuzhen Town Mode as an example,this study reveals the characteristics and conversion mechanism of the Disneyization of tourism space in Chinese cities.According to this research,the Wuzhen Town Mode of the Disneyization is characterized by theming,hybrid consumption,merchandising,and performative labor.Residential function is a unique characteristic of the Disneyization of cultural tourism towns in China.Moreover,the Wuzhen Town Mode of the Disneyization is jointly motivated by the driving force of local governments,the propulsive force of tourist demand,the attractive force of the social environment,and the driving force of capital.Finally,suggestions and policy proposals are provided for the Disneyization of tourism space in China.展开更多
GIS spatial analysis and quantitative analysis of landscape indexes were applied to analyze land use features and influence factors of rural settlements in Panshi City, Jilin Province in view of the comprehensive regi...GIS spatial analysis and quantitative analysis of landscape indexes were applied to analyze land use features and influence factors of rural settlements in Panshi City, Jilin Province in view of the comprehensive regional environment. The results showed that (A) Rural settlements are mostly scattered, and concentrated in small groups, showing the co-existence and disorderly expansion of modern and traditional development features; (B) Layouts of rural settlements are closely related to agricultural production; (C) Rural settlements are mostly distributed in the linear patterns along rivers and in the ring patterns around reservoirs; (D) Distribution of rural settlements gradually expands to the neighboring areas of traffic arteries. Against the macro background of urbanization, studying the intensive utilization of rural settlements is a fundamental approach of relieving restriction of land elements, and also an important approach of promoting the construction of new socialist countryside, optimizing industrial structure and accelerating regional urbanization.展开更多
The organizational structure change of enterprises should be subject to the change of strategy,and strategy change is the reaction to the environment change.This paper studied the expansion strategies and evolution pa...The organizational structure change of enterprises should be subject to the change of strategy,and strategy change is the reaction to the environment change.This paper studied the expansion strategies and evolution paths of hotel groups in China by a survey in 2007,in which the research objects were 91 hotel groups listed by China Tourist Hotels Association.The conclusions are drawn:based on the two dimensions of unification management function scope and the unification management degree,hotel groups can be divided into four strategic types,including strategically concentrated group,close function group,widespread alliance group and loose union group.Simultaneously there are three different expansion paths:stability path,growth path and undulation path.About 72.5% of Chinese hotel groups have a stability or growth expansion path.展开更多
Promoting women’s employment is not only the need of social and economic development,but also the historical mission of liberating women.This paper uses data from the 1%Population Sample Survey,taken in Guangdong Pro...Promoting women’s employment is not only the need of social and economic development,but also the historical mission of liberating women.This paper uses data from the 1%Population Sample Survey,taken in Guangdong Province in 2015,to explore how women’s marital status,education,and family environment affect the female non-agricultural employment rate(FNAER)on a county scale using a spatial-lag model.The results show that:1)The female non-agricultural employment rate in counties of Guangdong Province is low,with more than three-quarters of counties having female non-agricultural employment rate less than 50%.Moreover,the spatial distribution of FNAER is uneven,with the high-value areas concentrated in the southeast and the low-value areas mainly distributed in the central and western parts of Guangdong Province.2)From the perspective of industry,there are significant spatial differences among women.In the southeast,women are mainly engaged in the secondary industry,while in the central and western regions,women are mainly engaged in the tertiary industry.3)Women having better skills and more effective support from the elderly can improve the FNAER.Women having lower skills,smaller-scale families,a higher fertility rate,and households with two or more elderly members have a negative effect on the FNAER.4)Public policies suggest that improving women’s education and their family environment,building social welfare facilities,and repairing the family environment will increase the FNAER.展开更多
Based on geographical differences and space differentiation, valley economy is a new pattern and new perspective for the development of mountainous areas, integrating ecological protection, industrial nurture, and vil...Based on geographical differences and space differentiation, valley economy is a new pattern and new perspective for the development of mountainous areas, integrating ecological protection, industrial nurture, and village integration. On the basis of natural and geographical differentiation of valley, we give an overview of the spatial distribution of valley in mountainous areas of Beijing and spatial difference in valley density, and sum up the typical development pattern of valley economy, using DEM data. The results show that the spatial distribution of valley presents an asymmetric shape of inverted V or branch; Miyun, Yanqing, and Changping have high valley density, while Pinggu, Fangshan and Mentougou have low valley density; there is a significant positive relationship between valley density and the spatial distribution of river and reservoir. The development pattern of valley economy is divided into five types: leisure and high-end upgrade-based pattern, ecological development and transition demonstration-based pattern, folk culture and creation-driven pattern, scenic spots-driven and valley-linked pattern and leisure agriculture and specialty-led pattern.展开更多
Tourism destination images in terms of the gaps between the projected and perceived images are of great significance in the development of destinations.Additionally,the use of big-data in tourism studies remains under...Tourism destination images in terms of the gaps between the projected and perceived images are of great significance in the development of destinations.Additionally,the use of big-data in tourism studies remains under-utilized despite the boom in big-data applications and the increasing number of electronic User Generated Contents(UGC).Aiming to take advantage of tourism UGC to fully understand the destination image gap between official promotion materials and tourist perception of Sanya City in China,this study innovatively employed a big-data analysis technique,Tourism Sentiment Evaluation(TSE)model and proposed a new analysis framework integrating the“cognitive-affective”model with the gpp analysis of projected and perceived destination image to explore the destination image gap of Sanya It is found that Sanya's perceptive destination image is overall consistent with its official positioning;however,there also exist image gaps between the two groups in terms of the impact of festival events and tourists'attitude towards core scenic spots amongst others.This study's findings are discussed in light of their methodological,theoretical,and practical implications for destination positioning,marketing,and management.展开更多
The Manas River Basin in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region,similar to other arid regions,is facing water constraints which challenge decision-makers as to how to rationally allocate the available water resources to mee...The Manas River Basin in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region,similar to other arid regions,is facing water constraints which challenge decision-makers as to how to rationally allocate the available water resources to meet the demands from industries and natural ecosystems.Policies which integrate the supply and demand are needed to address the water stress issues.An object-oriented system dynamics model was developed to capture the interrelationships between water availability and increasing water demands from the growth of industries,agricultural production and the population through modeling the decision-making process of the water exploration explicitly,in which water stress is used as a major indicator.The model is composed of four sectors:1) natural surface and groundwater resources;2) water demand;3) the water exploitation process,including the decision to build reservoirs,canals and pumps;4) water stress to which political and social systems respond through increasing the supply,limiting the growth or improving the water use efficiency.The model was calibrated using data from 1949 to 2009 for population growth,irrigated land area,industry output,perceived water stress,groundwater resources availability and the drying-out process of Manas River;and simulations were carried out from 2010 to 2050 on an annual time step.The comparison of results from calibration and observation showed that the model corresponds to observed behavior,and the simulated values fit the observed data and trends accurately.Sensitivity analysis showed that the model is robust to changes in model parameters related to population growth,land reclamation,pumping capacity and capital contribution to industry development capacity.Six scenarios were designed to investigate the effectiveness of policy options in the area of reservoir relocation,urban water recycling,water demand control and groundwater pumping control.The simulation runs demonstrated that the technical solutions for improving water availability and water use efficiency are not sustainable.Acknowledging the carrying capacity of water resources and eliminating a growth-orientated value system are crucial for the sustainability of the Manas River Basin.展开更多
Built heritage,an important part of the cultural heritage of towns and cities,is always involved in both industry practices and scholarly discussions regarding tourism.As one of the original forms of heritage,built he...Built heritage,an important part of the cultural heritage of towns and cities,is always involved in both industry practices and scholarly discussions regarding tourism.As one of the original forms of heritage,built heritage enjoys a popular image;in the eyes of the public,built heritage represents one of the most conceivable heritage types.When discussing heritage tourism,appealing pictures can always be evoked in tourists'minds-ancient gardens where summer breeze blows,faded castles that spread fairy tales and mysteries,and labyrinthine streets in which traditional lifestyles are preserved.Visiting these sites is inspirational;built heritage sites encourage visitors to deeply enjoy themselves,appreciate the historical layers of the built environment,and sustain a strong sense of connectedness with places and belonging in our societies.Over the past decades,the world has observed these marvels and continues to promote this market.展开更多
This study draws on Henri Lefebvre’s(The production of space,1992,translated by D.Nicholson-Smith)concept of the spatial triad to examine the micropolitics of the production of urban and social space in a cafe in a h...This study draws on Henri Lefebvre’s(The production of space,1992,translated by D.Nicholson-Smith)concept of the spatial triad to examine the micropolitics of the production of urban and social space in a cafe in a historic tourist town in the southern Chinese city of Zhuhai.Such a spatial and social examination of the historic town of Tangjiawan’s Wangchuan Cafe is conducted in the context of a growing consumer society and experience economy in China.Spe‑cifcally,we found that the cafe proprietor has performed a role that is commonly associated with ofcial planners and technocrats in creating a‘cofee art living space’in a process that Lefebvre describes as a‘representation of space,’and that‘spatial practices’serve to shape the space away from the heritage signifcance of the town and towards entre‑preneurially aligned ideals.Such resultant consumerist spaces are coconstructed with and negotiated by visitors and consumers.In conducting such an examination,we highlight and critique the ways in which dominant discourses operate in a microsite,such as that of a cafe,that has become a key cultural tourism attraction of the refurbished historic town,the means by which such discourses and visions result in real-world transformations and the ways in which visitors and tourists interpret and negotiate such a microsite.展开更多
The integration of culture and tourism is conductive to the realization of urban-rural integration and rural revitalization.Taking 16 typical traditional villages in Beijing as cases,this study proposes an evaluation ...The integration of culture and tourism is conductive to the realization of urban-rural integration and rural revitalization.Taking 16 typical traditional villages in Beijing as cases,this study proposes an evaluation system and influencing factor model for the integration of culture and tourism in traditional villages.Based on the TOPSIS model supported by the entropy method,the level of culture and tourism integration in traditional villages is analyzed.Moreover,we discuss the main factors influencing the integration of culture and tourism in traditional villages and their paths by using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fs/QCA).The results can be summarized in four main areas.(1) The integration of culture and tourism in traditional villages is a dynamic process that continues to promote the comprehensive revitalization by deepening resource integration,advancing product cultivation and strengthening industry functions.(2) There are obvious differences in the development levels of the integration of culture and tourism among the case villages.Specifically,the levels of each village in the four dimensions present the characteristics of differentiation and imbalance.(3) No single factor can capture the necessary and sufficient conditions for the integrated development of culture and tourism.(4) There are three paths influencing the integration of culture and tourism in traditional villages,namely,the mature development path,the rapid development path and the progressive development path,which correspond to their respective combinations of influencing factors.The results of this study can provide theoretical inspiration and scientific guidance for the urban-rural integration and rural revitalization of traditional villages from the perspective of the integration of culture and tourism.展开更多
With the implementation of the 'Going out' strategy and the Belt and Road Initiative, China’s investments have become increasingly influential in the global market. The contemporary literature has revealed ho...With the implementation of the 'Going out' strategy and the Belt and Road Initiative, China’s investments have become increasingly influential in the global market. The contemporary literature has revealed how overseas Chinese networks and communities have actively promoted foreign investments into China over the past four decades. Whether this factor can help Chinese capital flow out once again is still ambiguous. This study examines this question by investigating Chinese corporate investments in Southeast Asia from 2001 to 2016. Through the discrete-selection logistic regression model, the study analyzes the correlation between overseas Chinese social networks and the location choices of Chinese corporate investments. The results show the following:(1) overall, there is a significant positive correlation between the population of overseas Chinese in Southeast Asian countries and the location choices of Chinese corporate investments;(2) in terms of the time sequence, the significance of the correlation is increasing, which implies that overseas Chinese have positive impacts on promoting the location choice of Chinese enterprises and that the impact is potentially increasing;and(3) in terms of the industrial structure and corporate functions, the impacts vary and are only significant in some industries and corporate segments.展开更多
Since the reform and opening-up policy launched in 1978,the number of inbound tourists increased from 1.8 million in 1978 to 139.5 million in 2017,and that of domestic tourists increased from 344 million in 1991 to 5 ...Since the reform and opening-up policy launched in 1978,the number of inbound tourists increased from 1.8 million in 1978 to 139.5 million in 2017,and that of domestic tourists increased from 344 million in 1991 to 5 billion in 2017.This article conducts research on how the geographical pattern of China’s tourism has evolved in the last four decades on the national-scale and regional-scale,for rare studies before could focus on such an extended date and utilize inbound and domestic tourism data simultaneously.Grounded on viable datasets and multiple vibrant data analysis approaches(including the Gini coefficient,primacy index analysis,hot spot analysis and Pearson correlation analysis),this article unpacks triple vital realities.(1)The overall geographical pattern of China’s tourism development can arguably summarize as“high in the eastern and low in the western part,high in the southern and low in the northern part.”Meanwhile,China’s inbound tourism has long shown a pattern of polarized distribution;While,domestic tourism has experienced a shift from the polarized distribution to the equilibrium distribution.(2)According to the features and characteristics,China's tourism development can be divided into four stages.They are precisely the initial modern tourism stage(1978–1988),the domestic tourism cultivating stage(1989–1996),the rapid development stage(1997–2007)and the new normal stage(2008–present).(3)This article also identified multiple factors underlying the inbound and domestic tourism development in China,including policies,management systems,tourism demand,tourist attractions,economic level,consumption level,industrial development,investment status,traffic conditions,accommodation services,intermediary services and degree of openness.展开更多
Rocky desertification poverty(RDP)refers to rural poverty triggered or exacerbated by rocky desertification,which deprives farmers of opportunities for improving their financial conditions through agricultural product...Rocky desertification poverty(RDP)refers to rural poverty triggered or exacerbated by rocky desertification,which deprives farmers of opportunities for improving their financial conditions through agricultural production.As China implements strategies including building a moderately prosperous society,targeted poverty alleviation,and rural revitalization,issues concerning RDP have become the work foci for the Chinese government and research hotspots for Chinese academic circles.This paper provides a thorough review of the history,progress,challenges and prospects based on decades of RDP studies in Southwest China.First,we review the origin,definitions and historical development trends of RDP.Over nearly four decades,research on RDP can be framed as four stages:start-up,poverty alleviation and ecological reconstruction,rocky desertification comprehensive control and green development.We find that RDP research progress appears to be directly related to the Chinese government’s policy support and decision-making in mitigating RDP.Second,previous findings are reviewed and summarised regarding four research aspects:relationship exploration between rocky desertification and rural poverty,mechanisms of rocky desertification for exacerbating poverty,strategies for eliminating RDP and anti-poverty benefit evaluations of rocky desertification control efforts.Third,the remaining challenges are identified and summarised,including the challenges of conducting theoretical research on RDP and consolidating achievements in eliminating RDP.We find that while many achievements have been made in the study of RDP in recent decades,the completeness and systematism of the theoretical system remain weak,and the guidance for empirical research is still insufficient.Finally,this research is fundamental in achieving rural revitalization in rocky desertification areas.The key to eliminating RDP lies in scientific rural transformation development.Given that the karst ecological environment in the subtropical zone is fragile,these regions should build a new rural regional economic system,abandon extensive and predatory development that sacrifices the environment and resources,and promote the transition from backwards development modes to high-quality and sustainable development.This paper will contribute to the current understanding of the issues of RDP,provide theoretical support for the realization of rural revitalization in rocky desertification areas and provide other countries with China’s experience in poverty alleviation.展开更多
This paper applies a stochastic translog production function to examine the underlying causes of technical inefficiency for 28 provinces in the Chinese mainland over the period 1970-2011.We find that inefficiency was ...This paper applies a stochastic translog production function to examine the underlying causes of technical inefficiency for 28 provinces in the Chinese mainland over the period 1970-2011.We find that inefficiency was present in production and several relevant explanatory variables contributed to it.Specifically,we find that the provinces with higher level of human capital,higher engagement in international trade,a further relaxation of the household registration(hukou)system and a smaller government size tended to lie closer to the national frontier.In addition,public infrastructure was not productive and we find no evidence to support the general view that state-owned enterprises(SOEs)were operating relatively inefficiently when compared to non-SOEs.展开更多
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number 42271182.
文摘Since the beginning of the 21st century,various crisis events have occurred frequently,inflicting substantial impacts on the tourism sector,which has garnered considerable scholarly and policy attention.Nevertheless,limited research has systematically explored tourism resilience at the urban scale,and there is a paucity of studies comparing regional differences in tourism resilience under distinct crisis scenarios and their underlying causes.Thus,this study focuses on the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,employing Martin’s regional economic resilience measurement method.It assesses the tourism resilience of the two regions under the impact of the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic,subsequently visualizing the data results using ArcGIS software.The study also endeavors to unveil potential causes for disparities in urban tourism resilience.The main conclusions are as follows:Firstly,regions with higher economic development exhibit relatively weaker tourism resilience during economic crises,yet demonstrate comparatively stronger resilience during public crises.Secondly,distinct differentiations exist both between and within the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,primarily stemming from variations such as geographical positioning,tourism resource endowments,and industrial and economic structures,both regionally and within individual cities.Thirdly,the determination of regional tourism resilience is intricate and cannot be restricted to a single dimension;multidimensional indicators better encapsulate the essence of regional tourism resilience.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41920104002)。
文摘Theme park development has become an important choice for tourism space development in Chinese cities,and the theming of space as well as the implied consumption symbols and cultural implications are usually viewed as examples for the development of other urban spaces,such as cultural tourism towns.The result is the Disneyization of urban tourism space.With the construction of characteristic towns being vigorously promoted throughout China,cultural tourism towns are springing up.They are typical of the“Wuzhen Town Mode”and represent the process of the Disneyization of tourism space in China.This research reflects on the evolution of the characteristics of tourism space in China.Taking the Wuzhen Town Mode as an example,this study reveals the characteristics and conversion mechanism of the Disneyization of tourism space in Chinese cities.According to this research,the Wuzhen Town Mode of the Disneyization is characterized by theming,hybrid consumption,merchandising,and performative labor.Residential function is a unique characteristic of the Disneyization of cultural tourism towns in China.Moreover,the Wuzhen Town Mode of the Disneyization is jointly motivated by the driving force of local governments,the propulsive force of tourist demand,the attractive force of the social environment,and the driving force of capital.Finally,suggestions and policy proposals are provided for the Disneyization of tourism space in China.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation(41071160)Program of Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology(20100608)Program of Jilin Provincial Department of Education(20100068)
文摘GIS spatial analysis and quantitative analysis of landscape indexes were applied to analyze land use features and influence factors of rural settlements in Panshi City, Jilin Province in view of the comprehensive regional environment. The results showed that (A) Rural settlements are mostly scattered, and concentrated in small groups, showing the co-existence and disorderly expansion of modern and traditional development features; (B) Layouts of rural settlements are closely related to agricultural production; (C) Rural settlements are mostly distributed in the linear patterns along rivers and in the ring patterns around reservoirs; (D) Distribution of rural settlements gradually expands to the neighboring areas of traffic arteries. Against the macro background of urbanization, studying the intensive utilization of rural settlements is a fundamental approach of relieving restriction of land elements, and also an important approach of promoting the construction of new socialist countryside, optimizing industrial structure and accelerating regional urbanization.
基金Under the auspices of National Social Science Foundation of China (No. 08BJY037)Ph. D. Programs Fundation of Ministry of Education of China (No. 200805581046)Humanities and Social Sciences Project of Ministry of Education of China (No. 09YJC630233)
文摘The organizational structure change of enterprises should be subject to the change of strategy,and strategy change is the reaction to the environment change.This paper studied the expansion strategies and evolution paths of hotel groups in China by a survey in 2007,in which the research objects were 91 hotel groups listed by China Tourist Hotels Association.The conclusions are drawn:based on the two dimensions of unification management function scope and the unification management degree,hotel groups can be divided into four strategic types,including strategically concentrated group,close function group,widespread alliance group and loose union group.Simultaneously there are three different expansion paths:stability path,growth path and undulation path.About 72.5% of Chinese hotel groups have a stability or growth expansion path.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41471111)。
文摘Promoting women’s employment is not only the need of social and economic development,but also the historical mission of liberating women.This paper uses data from the 1%Population Sample Survey,taken in Guangdong Province in 2015,to explore how women’s marital status,education,and family environment affect the female non-agricultural employment rate(FNAER)on a county scale using a spatial-lag model.The results show that:1)The female non-agricultural employment rate in counties of Guangdong Province is low,with more than three-quarters of counties having female non-agricultural employment rate less than 50%.Moreover,the spatial distribution of FNAER is uneven,with the high-value areas concentrated in the southeast and the low-value areas mainly distributed in the central and western parts of Guangdong Province.2)From the perspective of industry,there are significant spatial differences among women.In the southeast,women are mainly engaged in the secondary industry,while in the central and western regions,women are mainly engaged in the tertiary industry.3)Women having better skills and more effective support from the elderly can improve the FNAER.Women having lower skills,smaller-scale families,a higher fertility rate,and households with two or more elderly members have a negative effect on the FNAER.4)Public policies suggest that improving women’s education and their family environment,building social welfare facilities,and repairing the family environment will increase the FNAER.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(41130748)Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-EW-304)
文摘Based on geographical differences and space differentiation, valley economy is a new pattern and new perspective for the development of mountainous areas, integrating ecological protection, industrial nurture, and village integration. On the basis of natural and geographical differentiation of valley, we give an overview of the spatial distribution of valley in mountainous areas of Beijing and spatial difference in valley density, and sum up the typical development pattern of valley economy, using DEM data. The results show that the spatial distribution of valley presents an asymmetric shape of inverted V or branch; Miyun, Yanqing, and Changping have high valley density, while Pinggu, Fangshan and Mentougou have low valley density; there is a significant positive relationship between valley density and the spatial distribution of river and reservoir. The development pattern of valley economy is divided into five types: leisure and high-end upgrade-based pattern, ecological development and transition demonstration-based pattern, folk culture and creation-driven pattern, scenic spots-driven and valley-linked pattern and leisure agriculture and specialty-led pattern.
基金supported by The Ministry of education of Humanities and Social Science Project(19YJAZH060)Study on Agglomeration Pattern,Development Quality And Spatial Optimization Of Urban Leisure Industry In Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,supported by Guangdong Philosophical and Social Sciences Project(GD20SQ21).
文摘Tourism destination images in terms of the gaps between the projected and perceived images are of great significance in the development of destinations.Additionally,the use of big-data in tourism studies remains under-utilized despite the boom in big-data applications and the increasing number of electronic User Generated Contents(UGC).Aiming to take advantage of tourism UGC to fully understand the destination image gap between official promotion materials and tourist perception of Sanya City in China,this study innovatively employed a big-data analysis technique,Tourism Sentiment Evaluation(TSE)model and proposed a new analysis framework integrating the“cognitive-affective”model with the gpp analysis of projected and perceived destination image to explore the destination image gap of Sanya It is found that Sanya's perceptive destination image is overall consistent with its official positioning;however,there also exist image gaps between the two groups in terms of the impact of festival events and tourists'attitude towards core scenic spots amongst others.This study's findings are discussed in light of their methodological,theoretical,and practical implications for destination positioning,marketing,and management.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB951004)a project of Xinjiang Key Lab of Water Cycle and Utilization in Arid Zone,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences (XJYS0907-2009-02)
文摘The Manas River Basin in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region,similar to other arid regions,is facing water constraints which challenge decision-makers as to how to rationally allocate the available water resources to meet the demands from industries and natural ecosystems.Policies which integrate the supply and demand are needed to address the water stress issues.An object-oriented system dynamics model was developed to capture the interrelationships between water availability and increasing water demands from the growth of industries,agricultural production and the population through modeling the decision-making process of the water exploration explicitly,in which water stress is used as a major indicator.The model is composed of four sectors:1) natural surface and groundwater resources;2) water demand;3) the water exploitation process,including the decision to build reservoirs,canals and pumps;4) water stress to which political and social systems respond through increasing the supply,limiting the growth or improving the water use efficiency.The model was calibrated using data from 1949 to 2009 for population growth,irrigated land area,industry output,perceived water stress,groundwater resources availability and the drying-out process of Manas River;and simulations were carried out from 2010 to 2050 on an annual time step.The comparison of results from calibration and observation showed that the model corresponds to observed behavior,and the simulated values fit the observed data and trends accurately.Sensitivity analysis showed that the model is robust to changes in model parameters related to population growth,land reclamation,pumping capacity and capital contribution to industry development capacity.Six scenarios were designed to investigate the effectiveness of policy options in the area of reservoir relocation,urban water recycling,water demand control and groundwater pumping control.The simulation runs demonstrated that the technical solutions for improving water availability and water use efficiency are not sustainable.Acknowledging the carrying capacity of water resources and eliminating a growth-orientated value system are crucial for the sustainability of the Manas River Basin.
文摘Built heritage,an important part of the cultural heritage of towns and cities,is always involved in both industry practices and scholarly discussions regarding tourism.As one of the original forms of heritage,built heritage enjoys a popular image;in the eyes of the public,built heritage represents one of the most conceivable heritage types.When discussing heritage tourism,appealing pictures can always be evoked in tourists'minds-ancient gardens where summer breeze blows,faded castles that spread fairy tales and mysteries,and labyrinthine streets in which traditional lifestyles are preserved.Visiting these sites is inspirational;built heritage sites encourage visitors to deeply enjoy themselves,appreciate the historical layers of the built environment,and sustain a strong sense of connectedness with places and belonging in our societies.Over the past decades,the world has observed these marvels and continues to promote this market.
文摘This study draws on Henri Lefebvre’s(The production of space,1992,translated by D.Nicholson-Smith)concept of the spatial triad to examine the micropolitics of the production of urban and social space in a cafe in a historic tourist town in the southern Chinese city of Zhuhai.Such a spatial and social examination of the historic town of Tangjiawan’s Wangchuan Cafe is conducted in the context of a growing consumer society and experience economy in China.Spe‑cifcally,we found that the cafe proprietor has performed a role that is commonly associated with ofcial planners and technocrats in creating a‘cofee art living space’in a process that Lefebvre describes as a‘representation of space,’and that‘spatial practices’serve to shape the space away from the heritage signifcance of the town and towards entre‑preneurially aligned ideals.Such resultant consumerist spaces are coconstructed with and negotiated by visitors and consumers.In conducting such an examination,we highlight and critique the ways in which dominant discourses operate in a microsite,such as that of a cafe,that has become a key cultural tourism attraction of the refurbished historic town,the means by which such discourses and visions result in real-world transformations and the ways in which visitors and tourists interpret and negotiate such a microsite.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42071199Major Project of National Social Science Foundation for Arts of China,No.20ZD02+1 种基金Major Project of National Social Science Foundation of China,No.20ZDA067Social Science Foundation of Beijing,No.18JDGLB015,No.22GLB036。
文摘The integration of culture and tourism is conductive to the realization of urban-rural integration and rural revitalization.Taking 16 typical traditional villages in Beijing as cases,this study proposes an evaluation system and influencing factor model for the integration of culture and tourism in traditional villages.Based on the TOPSIS model supported by the entropy method,the level of culture and tourism integration in traditional villages is analyzed.Moreover,we discuss the main factors influencing the integration of culture and tourism in traditional villages and their paths by using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fs/QCA).The results can be summarized in four main areas.(1) The integration of culture and tourism in traditional villages is a dynamic process that continues to promote the comprehensive revitalization by deepening resource integration,advancing product cultivation and strengthening industry functions.(2) There are obvious differences in the development levels of the integration of culture and tourism among the case villages.Specifically,the levels of each village in the four dimensions present the characteristics of differentiation and imbalance.(3) No single factor can capture the necessary and sufficient conditions for the integrated development of culture and tourism.(4) There are three paths influencing the integration of culture and tourism in traditional villages,namely,the mature development path,the rapid development path and the progressive development path,which correspond to their respective combinations of influencing factors.The results of this study can provide theoretical inspiration and scientific guidance for the urban-rural integration and rural revitalization of traditional villages from the perspective of the integration of culture and tourism.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41871114,No.41401119National Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong,China,No.2018A030313293
文摘With the implementation of the 'Going out' strategy and the Belt and Road Initiative, China’s investments have become increasingly influential in the global market. The contemporary literature has revealed how overseas Chinese networks and communities have actively promoted foreign investments into China over the past four decades. Whether this factor can help Chinese capital flow out once again is still ambiguous. This study examines this question by investigating Chinese corporate investments in Southeast Asia from 2001 to 2016. Through the discrete-selection logistic regression model, the study analyzes the correlation between overseas Chinese social networks and the location choices of Chinese corporate investments. The results show the following:(1) overall, there is a significant positive correlation between the population of overseas Chinese in Southeast Asian countries and the location choices of Chinese corporate investments;(2) in terms of the time sequence, the significance of the correlation is increasing, which implies that overseas Chinese have positive impacts on promoting the location choice of Chinese enterprises and that the impact is potentially increasing;and(3) in terms of the industrial structure and corporate functions, the impacts vary and are only significant in some industries and corporate segments.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41571137。
文摘Since the reform and opening-up policy launched in 1978,the number of inbound tourists increased from 1.8 million in 1978 to 139.5 million in 2017,and that of domestic tourists increased from 344 million in 1991 to 5 billion in 2017.This article conducts research on how the geographical pattern of China’s tourism has evolved in the last four decades on the national-scale and regional-scale,for rare studies before could focus on such an extended date and utilize inbound and domestic tourism data simultaneously.Grounded on viable datasets and multiple vibrant data analysis approaches(including the Gini coefficient,primacy index analysis,hot spot analysis and Pearson correlation analysis),this article unpacks triple vital realities.(1)The overall geographical pattern of China’s tourism development can arguably summarize as“high in the eastern and low in the western part,high in the southern and low in the northern part.”Meanwhile,China’s inbound tourism has long shown a pattern of polarized distribution;While,domestic tourism has experienced a shift from the polarized distribution to the equilibrium distribution.(2)According to the features and characteristics,China's tourism development can be divided into four stages.They are precisely the initial modern tourism stage(1978–1988),the domestic tourism cultivating stage(1989–1996),the rapid development stage(1997–2007)and the new normal stage(2008–present).(3)This article also identified multiple factors underlying the inbound and domestic tourism development in China,including policies,management systems,tourism demand,tourist attractions,economic level,consumption level,industrial development,investment status,traffic conditions,accommodation services,intermediary services and degree of openness.
基金National Social Science Foundation of China,No.20AJY005National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41901214+4 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,No.cstc2021jcyj-msxm X0963Social Science Planning Program of Chongqing,No.2019YBGL075,No.2021SZ27Humanities and Social Science Program of Chongqing,No.19SKGH132Scientific Research Project of Chongqing University of Education No.KY202125CRegional Tourism Research Centre of Chongqing University of Education,No.2021XJPT07。
文摘Rocky desertification poverty(RDP)refers to rural poverty triggered or exacerbated by rocky desertification,which deprives farmers of opportunities for improving their financial conditions through agricultural production.As China implements strategies including building a moderately prosperous society,targeted poverty alleviation,and rural revitalization,issues concerning RDP have become the work foci for the Chinese government and research hotspots for Chinese academic circles.This paper provides a thorough review of the history,progress,challenges and prospects based on decades of RDP studies in Southwest China.First,we review the origin,definitions and historical development trends of RDP.Over nearly four decades,research on RDP can be framed as four stages:start-up,poverty alleviation and ecological reconstruction,rocky desertification comprehensive control and green development.We find that RDP research progress appears to be directly related to the Chinese government’s policy support and decision-making in mitigating RDP.Second,previous findings are reviewed and summarised regarding four research aspects:relationship exploration between rocky desertification and rural poverty,mechanisms of rocky desertification for exacerbating poverty,strategies for eliminating RDP and anti-poverty benefit evaluations of rocky desertification control efforts.Third,the remaining challenges are identified and summarised,including the challenges of conducting theoretical research on RDP and consolidating achievements in eliminating RDP.We find that while many achievements have been made in the study of RDP in recent decades,the completeness and systematism of the theoretical system remain weak,and the guidance for empirical research is still insufficient.Finally,this research is fundamental in achieving rural revitalization in rocky desertification areas.The key to eliminating RDP lies in scientific rural transformation development.Given that the karst ecological environment in the subtropical zone is fragile,these regions should build a new rural regional economic system,abandon extensive and predatory development that sacrifices the environment and resources,and promote the transition from backwards development modes to high-quality and sustainable development.This paper will contribute to the current understanding of the issues of RDP,provide theoretical support for the realization of rural revitalization in rocky desertification areas and provide other countries with China’s experience in poverty alleviation.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Research Funds of Renmin University of China(Project No.:13XNJ017)
文摘This paper applies a stochastic translog production function to examine the underlying causes of technical inefficiency for 28 provinces in the Chinese mainland over the period 1970-2011.We find that inefficiency was present in production and several relevant explanatory variables contributed to it.Specifically,we find that the provinces with higher level of human capital,higher engagement in international trade,a further relaxation of the household registration(hukou)system and a smaller government size tended to lie closer to the national frontier.In addition,public infrastructure was not productive and we find no evidence to support the general view that state-owned enterprises(SOEs)were operating relatively inefficiently when compared to non-SOEs.
