Aim: To study the effect of prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) and the role of actin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) on testicular gubernaculum development in fetal male Kunming mice. Methods:...Aim: To study the effect of prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) and the role of actin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) on testicular gubernaculum development in fetal male Kunming mice. Methods: Pregnant mice were randomly assigned to 6 groups and injected with DES subcutaneously from gestational day 9 (E9) to day 17 (E17) at doses of 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 μg·kg-1·d-1 in 0.2 mL dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). On E17 they were sacrificed and fetuses quickly removed for fixation. Male fetuses were sliced on serial coronal plane. Histologi-cal changes were observed under the light microscope (LM) and ultrastructural changes with the scanning and transmission electron microscopes (SEM & TEM). The expression intensity of actin and PCNA in the gubernacula was quantitated by immunohistochemistry. Results: The mortality of the fetuses was higher in the DES-treated groups than that in the DMSO and saline controls (P<0.05). Under LM the gubernacula were seen to be poorly developed with smaller bulbs. On SEM the bulbs lose the clear demarcation between the mesenchymal inner core and the muscular outer layer and looked like a small cone instead of the normal cylindrical appearance. On TEM there were some smaller disordered myofibrils and sparse cytoplasmic organelles in the gubernacular muscular cells of the treated groups. The expression intensity of actin and PCNA in the gubernacula was significantly weaker in the treated groups than that in the DMSO and saline controls (P<0.05). Conclusion: DES induces underdevelopment of the gubernacula in a dose-dependent manner in fetal male mice and down regulates the actin and PCNA expression.展开更多
AIM: To investigate clinical and pathologic data of esophageal carcinoma (EC) and cardiac carcinoma (CC) among residents in Chaoshan region of China.METHODS: Clinical and pathologic data of 9 650 patients with EC and ...AIM: To investigate clinical and pathologic data of esophageal carcinoma (EC) and cardiac carcinoma (CC) among residents in Chaoshan region of China.METHODS: Clinical and pathologic data of 9 650 patients with EC and 4 173 patients with CC in the Chaoshan population were collected and analyzed. Moreover,Chaoshan esophageal carcinoma tissue arrays were made for high-throughput study.RESULTS: Male to female ratio was 3:1 in patients with EC and 4.75:1 in CC. The average age of the occurrenceof EC was 54.6 years, and of CC was 58.1 years. For both EC and CC, age at diagnosis was a little younger in Chaoshan region than in most other areas. The most commonly affected site of esophageal carcinoma was the middle third of esophagus (72.0%); the second was the lower third (15.3%). The main gross type of esophageal carcinoma was ulcerative type (41.50%); the medullary type was the second (39.6%). Squamous cell carcinoma accounted for the overwhelming majority of esophageal cancer (96.4%);adenocarcinoma accounted for the overwhelming majority of cardiac carcinoma (94.5%). Chaoshan esophageal carcinoma tissue arrays were easily for high-throughput study, and tissue cores with a diameter of 1.5 mm could better keep more structure for molecular expression study.CONCLUSION: Both EC and CC are common in males.The average occurrence age of EC and CC is younger in Chaoshan than in most other regions of China. The most commonly affected site of esophageal carcinoma was the middle third of esophagus (72.0%). Squamous cell carcinoma accounted for the overwhelming majority of esophageal cancer; adenocarcinoma accounted for the overwhelming majority of cardiac carcinoma. Tissue arrays technology is applicable for rapid molecular profiling of large numbers of cancers in a single experiment.展开更多
Background Hemangiomas are the most common tumors in children. Some hemangiomas may require intervention because of their location, size, behavior, or potential for important complications. Pharmacological therapy wit...Background Hemangiomas are the most common tumors in children. Some hemangiomas may require intervention because of their location, size, behavior, or potential for important complications. Pharmacological therapy with glucocorticoids is the mainstay treatment, but there is no consensus on therapeutic regimens or candidate selection, therapeutic efficacy vaires, and the mechanism mediating the beneficial effects of glucocorticoids remains unclear. This study was performed to investigate the expression patterns of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and its α isoform (GRα) in cutaneous hemangiomas and vascular malformations.Methods SP immunohistochemical technique was used to examine the expression of GR(e-20) (GR) and GR (p-20) (GRα) on vascular endothelial cells in 80 specimens that included 33 proliferating hemangiomas, 32 involuting hemangiomas, 7 vascular malformations as well as 8 normal skin tissues, all obtained from infants and children. GR and GRα expression in prepared tissue slides were examined using automated computer-assisted microscopic analysis. Mean gray scale values were compared among the various tumor types.Results The mean gray scale values of GR were 127.0±6.4 and 121.4±6.6 in hemangiomas and vascular malformations respectively, but this difference was not statistically significant ( P =0.104). However, these values were all markedly higher than that of normal skin, which was only 108.6±6.8 ( P =0.001 and P =0.000 for comparison with hemangiomas and vascular malformations respectively). The gray scale of GR in proliferation and involuting hemangiomas were 127.9±4.8 and 126.0±5.8 respectively, but this difference was not significant ( P =0.146). However, GRα expression in hemangiomas, vascular malformations and normal skin declined gradually in stepwise fashion (127.3±5.4, 120.4±6.1 and 109.9±5.3 respectively; P <0.001). GRα expression was higher in proliferating hemangiomas than in involuting hemangiomas (127.2±6.3 and 122.5±6.3; P =0.004).Conclusions GR and GRα are strongly expressed in hemangiomas and vascular malformations. The expression of GRα is closely related to the phase of the hemangioma. Determination of GR and GRα may be a positive significance to understand the information of hemangiomas and vascular malformations and may further help determining proper strategies of steroid therapy for hemangiomas and vascular malformations.展开更多
文摘Aim: To study the effect of prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) and the role of actin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) on testicular gubernaculum development in fetal male Kunming mice. Methods: Pregnant mice were randomly assigned to 6 groups and injected with DES subcutaneously from gestational day 9 (E9) to day 17 (E17) at doses of 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 μg·kg-1·d-1 in 0.2 mL dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). On E17 they were sacrificed and fetuses quickly removed for fixation. Male fetuses were sliced on serial coronal plane. Histologi-cal changes were observed under the light microscope (LM) and ultrastructural changes with the scanning and transmission electron microscopes (SEM & TEM). The expression intensity of actin and PCNA in the gubernacula was quantitated by immunohistochemistry. Results: The mortality of the fetuses was higher in the DES-treated groups than that in the DMSO and saline controls (P<0.05). Under LM the gubernacula were seen to be poorly developed with smaller bulbs. On SEM the bulbs lose the clear demarcation between the mesenchymal inner core and the muscular outer layer and looked like a small cone instead of the normal cylindrical appearance. On TEM there were some smaller disordered myofibrils and sparse cytoplasmic organelles in the gubernacular muscular cells of the treated groups. The expression intensity of actin and PCNA in the gubernacula was significantly weaker in the treated groups than that in the DMSO and saline controls (P<0.05). Conclusion: DES induces underdevelopment of the gubernacula in a dose-dependent manner in fetal male mice and down regulates the actin and PCNA expression.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30210103904 and Key Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.A1080203 and Medical Research Foundation of Guangdong Province and Elitist Foundation of Guangdong,No.Q02109 and Deve
文摘AIM: To investigate clinical and pathologic data of esophageal carcinoma (EC) and cardiac carcinoma (CC) among residents in Chaoshan region of China.METHODS: Clinical and pathologic data of 9 650 patients with EC and 4 173 patients with CC in the Chaoshan population were collected and analyzed. Moreover,Chaoshan esophageal carcinoma tissue arrays were made for high-throughput study.RESULTS: Male to female ratio was 3:1 in patients with EC and 4.75:1 in CC. The average age of the occurrenceof EC was 54.6 years, and of CC was 58.1 years. For both EC and CC, age at diagnosis was a little younger in Chaoshan region than in most other areas. The most commonly affected site of esophageal carcinoma was the middle third of esophagus (72.0%); the second was the lower third (15.3%). The main gross type of esophageal carcinoma was ulcerative type (41.50%); the medullary type was the second (39.6%). Squamous cell carcinoma accounted for the overwhelming majority of esophageal cancer (96.4%);adenocarcinoma accounted for the overwhelming majority of cardiac carcinoma (94.5%). Chaoshan esophageal carcinoma tissue arrays were easily for high-throughput study, and tissue cores with a diameter of 1.5 mm could better keep more structure for molecular expression study.CONCLUSION: Both EC and CC are common in males.The average occurrence age of EC and CC is younger in Chaoshan than in most other regions of China. The most commonly affected site of esophageal carcinoma was the middle third of esophagus (72.0%). Squamous cell carcinoma accounted for the overwhelming majority of esophageal cancer; adenocarcinoma accounted for the overwhelming majority of cardiac carcinoma. Tissue arrays technology is applicable for rapid molecular profiling of large numbers of cancers in a single experiment.
文摘Background Hemangiomas are the most common tumors in children. Some hemangiomas may require intervention because of their location, size, behavior, or potential for important complications. Pharmacological therapy with glucocorticoids is the mainstay treatment, but there is no consensus on therapeutic regimens or candidate selection, therapeutic efficacy vaires, and the mechanism mediating the beneficial effects of glucocorticoids remains unclear. This study was performed to investigate the expression patterns of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and its α isoform (GRα) in cutaneous hemangiomas and vascular malformations.Methods SP immunohistochemical technique was used to examine the expression of GR(e-20) (GR) and GR (p-20) (GRα) on vascular endothelial cells in 80 specimens that included 33 proliferating hemangiomas, 32 involuting hemangiomas, 7 vascular malformations as well as 8 normal skin tissues, all obtained from infants and children. GR and GRα expression in prepared tissue slides were examined using automated computer-assisted microscopic analysis. Mean gray scale values were compared among the various tumor types.Results The mean gray scale values of GR were 127.0±6.4 and 121.4±6.6 in hemangiomas and vascular malformations respectively, but this difference was not statistically significant ( P =0.104). However, these values were all markedly higher than that of normal skin, which was only 108.6±6.8 ( P =0.001 and P =0.000 for comparison with hemangiomas and vascular malformations respectively). The gray scale of GR in proliferation and involuting hemangiomas were 127.9±4.8 and 126.0±5.8 respectively, but this difference was not significant ( P =0.146). However, GRα expression in hemangiomas, vascular malformations and normal skin declined gradually in stepwise fashion (127.3±5.4, 120.4±6.1 and 109.9±5.3 respectively; P <0.001). GRα expression was higher in proliferating hemangiomas than in involuting hemangiomas (127.2±6.3 and 122.5±6.3; P =0.004).Conclusions GR and GRα are strongly expressed in hemangiomas and vascular malformations. The expression of GRα is closely related to the phase of the hemangioma. Determination of GR and GRα may be a positive significance to understand the information of hemangiomas and vascular malformations and may further help determining proper strategies of steroid therapy for hemangiomas and vascular malformations.
