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The potassium storage performance of carbon nanosheets derived from heavy oils
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作者 ZHAO Qing-shan LIU Qin-lian +6 位作者 LI Yi-wen JI Tian YAO Yu-yue ZHAO Yi-kun DENG Wei HU Han WU Ming-bo 《新型炭材料(中英文)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第5期1003-1014,共12页
As by-products of petroleum refining,heavy oils are characterized by a high carbon content,low cost and great variability,making them competitive precursors for the anodes of potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the ... As by-products of petroleum refining,heavy oils are characterized by a high carbon content,low cost and great variability,making them competitive precursors for the anodes of potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the relationship between heavy oil composition and potassium storage performance remains unclear.Using heavy oils containing distinct chemical groups as the carbon source,namely fluid catalytic cracking slurry(FCCS),petroleum asphalt(PA)and deoiled asphalt(DOA),three carbon nanosheets(CNS)were prepared through a molten salt method,and used as the anodes for PIBs.The composition of the heavy oil determines the lamellar thicknesses,sp3-C/sp2-C ratio and defect concentration,thereby affecting the potassium storage performance.The high content of aromatic hydrocarbons and moderate amount of heavy component moieties in FCCS produce carbon nanosheets(CNS-FCCS)that have a smaller layer thickness,larger interlayer spacing(0.372 nm),and increased number of folds than in CNS derived from the other three precursors.These features give it faster charge/ion transfer,more potassium storage sites and better reaction kinetics.CNS-FCCS has a remarkable K^(+)storage capacity(248.7 mAh g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g^(-1)),long cycle lifespan(190.8 mAh g^(-1) after 800 cycles at 1.0 A g^(-1))and excellent rate capability,ranking it among the best materials for this application.This work sheds light on the influence of heavy oil composition on carbon structure and electrochemical performance,and provides guidance for the design and development of advanced heavy oil-derived carbon electrodes for PIBs. 展开更多
关键词 Heavy oils Carbon nanosheets Molten salt method Four-component composition Potassium-ion batteries
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A Real-time Prediction System for Molecular-level Information of Heavy Oil Based on Machine Learning
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作者 Yuan Zhuang Wang Yuan +8 位作者 Zhang Zhibo Yuan Yibo Yang Zhe Xu Wei Lin Yang Yan Hao Zhou Xin Zhao Hui Yang Chaohe 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期121-134,共14页
Acquiring accurate molecular-level information about petroleum is crucial for refining and chemical enterprises to implement the“selection of the optimal processing route”strategy.With the development of data predic... Acquiring accurate molecular-level information about petroleum is crucial for refining and chemical enterprises to implement the“selection of the optimal processing route”strategy.With the development of data prediction systems represented by machine learning,it has become possible for real-time prediction systems of petroleum fraction molecular information to replace analyses such as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.However,the biggest difficulty lies in acquiring the data required for training the neural network.To address these issues,this work proposes an innovative method that utilizes the Aspen HYSYS and full two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry to establish a comprehensive training database.Subsequently,a deep neural network prediction model is developed for heavy distillate oil to predict its composition in terms of molecular structure.After training,the model accurately predicts the molecular composition of catalytically cracked raw oil in a refinery.The validation and test sets exhibit R2 values of 0.99769 and 0.99807,respectively,and the average relative error of molecular composition prediction for raw materials of the catalytic cracking unit is less than 7%.Finally,the SHAP(SHapley Additive ExPlanation)interpretation method is used to disclose the relationship among different variables by performing global and local weight comparisons and correlation analyses. 展开更多
关键词 heavy distillate oil molecular composition deep learning SHAP interpretation method
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Few-layered hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets stabilized Pt NPs for oxidation promoted adsorptive desulfurization of fuel oil
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作者 Peiwen Wu Xin Song +9 位作者 Linlin Chen Lianwen He Yingcheng Wu Duanjian Tao Jing He Chang Deng Linjie Lu Yanhong Chao Mingqing Hua Wenshuai Zhu 《Green Energy & Environment》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期495-506,共12页
A few-layered hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets stabilized platinum nanoparticles(Pt/h-BNNS)is engineered for oxidation-promoted adsorptive desulfurization(OPADS)of fuel oil.It was found that the few-layered structur... A few-layered hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets stabilized platinum nanoparticles(Pt/h-BNNS)is engineered for oxidation-promoted adsorptive desulfurization(OPADS)of fuel oil.It was found that the few-layered structure and the defective sites of h-BNNS not only are beneficial to the stabilization of Pt NPs but also favor the adsorption of aromatic sulfides.By employing Pt/h-BNNS with a Pt loading amount of 1.19 wt%as the active adsorbent and air as an oxidant,a 98.0%sulfur removal over dibenzothiophene(DBT)is achieved along with a total conversion of the DBT to the corresponding sulfones(DBTO_(2)).Detailed experiments show that the excellent desulfurization activity originates from the few-layered structure of h-BNNS and the high catalytic activity of Pt NPs.In addition,the OPADS system with Pt/h-BNNS as the active adsorbent shows remarkable stability in desulfurization performance with the existence of different interferents such as olefin,and aromatic hydrocarbons.Besides,the Pt/h-BNNS can be recycled 12 times without a significant decrease in desulfurization performance.Also,a process flow diagram is proposed for deep desulfurization of fuel oil and recovery of high value-added products,which would promote the industrial application of such OPADS strategy. 展开更多
关键词 DESULFURIZATION Adsorption Catalytic oxidation Active adsorbent DIBENZOTHIOPHENE
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Molecular composition of naphthenic acids in a Chinese heavy crude oil and their impacts on oil viscosity 被引量:1
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作者 Qian-Hui Zhao Shuai M +7 位作者 Jian-Xun Wu Wei-Feng Chang Sheng-Fei Zhang Xin-Ge Sun Bing Zhou Zeng-Min Lun Keng H.Chung Quan Shi 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第2期1225-1230,共6页
Most heavy crude oils underwent biodegradation and generated a significant amount of naphthenic acids. Naphthenic acids are polar compounds with the carboxylic group and are considered as a major factor affecting the ... Most heavy crude oils underwent biodegradation and generated a significant amount of naphthenic acids. Naphthenic acids are polar compounds with the carboxylic group and are considered as a major factor affecting the oil viscosity. However, the relationship between the molecular composition of naphthenic acids and oil viscosity is not well understood. This study examined a “clean” heavy oil with low contents of heteroatoms but had a high content of naphthenic acids. Naphthenic acids were fractionated by distillation and caustic extraction. The molecular composition was characterized by high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry. It was found that the 2- and 3-ring naphthenic monoacids with 15–35 carbon atoms are dominant components of the acid fractions;the caustic extraction is capable of isolating naphthenic acids with less than 35 carbons, which is equivalent to the upper limit of the distillable components, but not those in the residue fraction;the total acid number of the heavy distillates is higher than that of the residue fraction;the viscosity of the distillation fraction increases exponentially with an increased boiling point of the distillates. Blending experiments indicates that there is a strong correlation between the oil viscosity and acids content, although the acid content is only a few percent of the total oil. 展开更多
关键词 Heavy crude oil VISCOSITY High-resolution mass spectrometer Naphthenic acid
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Mechanism investigation of steam flooding heavy oil by comprehensive molecular characterization
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作者 Bo Zhang Chun-Ming Xu +4 位作者 Zhe-Yu Liu Qing-Hui Zhao Hai-Qing Cheng Yi-Qiang Li Quan Shi 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第4期2554-2563,共10页
Steam flooding is a widely used technique to enhance oil recovery of heavy oil.Thermal viscosity reduction and distillation effect are considered as two main displacement mechanisms in steam flooding process.However,t... Steam flooding is a widely used technique to enhance oil recovery of heavy oil.Thermal viscosity reduction and distillation effect are considered as two main displacement mechanisms in steam flooding process.However,the molecular composition understanding and contribution for oil production are still unclear.In this study,the composition analysis of the heavy oil was investigated in the core scale steam flooding process with the temperature from 120 to 280℃.The crude oil,produced oils and residual oils were characterized comprehensively by gas chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry.It is found that steam flooding preferentially extracts aromatics and remains more resins in the residual oil.Viscosity reduction is the dominant mechanism when steam is injected at a low temperature.Large molecular heteroatoms with high carbon number and high double bond equivalent(DBE)are eluted into the produced oil,while compounds with low carbon number and low DBE are remained in the residual oil.As the steam temperature rises,the increased distillation effect results in the extraction of light hydrocarbons from the residual oil to the produced oil.More small heteroatoms with low carbon number and low DBE enter into the produced oil,especially in the none water cut stage.The compositional difference of produced oils is characterized in DBE versus carbon number distribution of the N and O containing compound classes.This work uses a variety of composition analysis methods to clarify the steam flooding mechanism and provides a novel understanding of steam flooding mechanisms with various temperatures and production stages from the molecular perspective. 展开更多
关键词 Steam flooding mechanism Molecular composition High-resolution mass spectrometry Heavy oil Enhance oil recovery
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Molecular composition of low-temperature oxidation products of the heavy oil
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作者 Shuai Ma Yun-Yun Li +5 位作者 Ri-Gu Su Xu-Sheng Wang Jing-Jun Pan Quan Shi Guang-Zhi Liao Chun-Ming Xu 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CSCD 2023年第5期3264-3271,共8页
Low-temperature oxidation(LTO)is the main reaction that affects fuel formation in the in-situ combustion process,which has important significance for the subsequent combustion propulsion and the successful extraction ... Low-temperature oxidation(LTO)is the main reaction that affects fuel formation in the in-situ combustion process,which has important significance for the subsequent combustion propulsion and the successful extraction of crude oil.In this study,heavy oil was subjected to LTO reactions at different temperatures.Three types of reaction products with varying oxidation depths were characterized in terms of the number of oxygen atoms and the polarity of the molecule to reveal the low-temperature oxidation process of the heavy oil.Ketone compounds and acid polyoxides in the oil phase and deep oxidation products with a higher number of oxygen atoms in the coke were identified with increasing oxidation depth.The experimental results showed that the oxidation reaction of the heavy oil changed from kinetic-controlled to diffusion-controlled in the open oxidation system of the heavy oil as the oxidation depth increased.The oxidation reaction of the oil phase reached a maximum and stable value in oxygen content.The molecular compositions of the ketone compound and acid polyoxide did not change significantly with further increase in reaction temperature.The molecular compositions of the deep oxidation products with a higher number of oxygen atoms in the coke phase changed significantly.The coke precursor molecules with a lower oxygen content and condensation degree participated in the coke formation,and the oxidation reaction pathway and the complexity of the oxidation product component also increased. 展开更多
关键词 Low-temperature oxidation In-situ combustion Heavy oil Coke precursor Molecular composition
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Predictive methods for density and refractive index of naphthenic lubricating oils during solvent extraction process 被引量:2
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作者 Xiao-Ling Xu Tian-Qi Wang +2 位作者 Guang-Huai Chen Jun-Wei Hou Yan-Sheng Liu 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第3期1934-1946,共13页
Lubricating oils are usually produced by solvent extraction to separate aromatics in order to achieve the desired specifications and better quality products.Among the different properties of lubricating oils,density a... Lubricating oils are usually produced by solvent extraction to separate aromatics in order to achieve the desired specifications and better quality products.Among the different properties of lubricating oils,density and refractive index are some of the most important properties which can both be used for petroleum fluid characterization.Predictions of density and refractive index for naphthenic oils during solvent extraction by DMSO obtained by the pseudo-component approach and the quadratic correlation were both examined.The pseudo-component approach is a method to predict density and refractive index from composition while the latter merely relates density to refractive index.Results indicated that the predictions yielded by the pseudo-component method were in good agreement with experimental data for naphthenic oils.And the use of a function of refractive index(FRI_(20))as a pseudo-component property remarkably improved n_(20)predictions for the naphthenic mixtures.However,the density and refractive index predictions obtained by the quadratic correlation exhibited significantly higher de-viations for naphthenic oils than those for paraffinic oils.Thus a new modified correlation of the same functional form was proposed for naphthenic oils.The modification significantly improved predictions for naphthenic oils,which presented similar accuracy as the pseudo-component approach.And the previous correlation was still used for paraffinic oils.Additionally,effect of temperature on density and refractive index of naphthenic oils was examined.Results showed that the modified quadratic correlation was accurate for describing the relationship between density and refractive index of naphthenic oils at 20-90℃.The temperature dependence of density and refractive index for the raffinates and the extracts could be accurately described by the thermal coefficients for saturates and aromatics,respectively.Regarding the refractive index variation of the extracts with temperature,the empirical equation was proved to be a better option compared with the method using the thermal coefficient for aromatics. 展开更多
关键词 DENSITY Refractive index Pseudo-components Paraffinic lubricating oils Naphthenic lubricating oils Solvent extraction
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Effects of Temperature and Catalyst to Oil Weight Ratio on the Catalytic Conversion of Heavy Oil to Propylene Using ZSM-5 and USY Catalysts 被引量:10
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作者 Xiaohong Li Chunyi Li Jianfang Zhang Chaohe Yang Honghong Shan 《Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry》 EI CAS CSCD 2007年第1期92-99,共8页
It is useful for practical operation to study the rules of production of propylene by the catalytic conversion of heavy oil in FCC (fluid catalytic cracking). The effects of temperature and C/O ratio (catalyst to o... It is useful for practical operation to study the rules of production of propylene by the catalytic conversion of heavy oil in FCC (fluid catalytic cracking). The effects of temperature and C/O ratio (catalyst to oil weight ratio) on the distribution of the product and the yield of propylene were investigated on a micro reactor unit with two model catalysts, namely ZSM-5/Al2O3 and USY/Al2O3, and Fushun vacuum gas oil (VGO) was used as the feedstock. The conversion of heavy oil over ZSM-5 catalyst can be comparable to that of USY catalyst at high temperature and high C/O ratio. The rate of conversion of heavy oil using the ZSM-5 equilibrium catalyst is lower compared with the USY equilibrium catalyst under the general FCC conditions and this can be attributed to the poor steam ability of the ZSM-5 equilibrium catalyst. The difference in pore topologies of USY and ZSM-5 is the reason why the principal products for the above two catalysts is different, namely gasoline and liquid petroleum gas (LPG), repspectively. So the LPG selectivity, especially the propylene selectivity, may decline if USY is added into the FCC catalyst for maximizing the production of propylene. Increasing the C/O ratio is the most economical method for the increase of LPG yield than the increase of the temperature of the two model catalysts, because the loss of light oil is less in the former case. There is an inverse correlation between HTC (hydrogen transfer coefficient) and the yield of propylene, and restricting the hydrogen transfer reaction is the more important measure in increasing the yield of propylene of the ZSM-5 catalyst. The ethylene yield of ZSM-5/A1203 is higher, but the gaseous side products with low value are not enhanced when ZSM-5 catalyst is used. Moreover, for LPG and the end products, dry gas and coke, their ranges of reaction conditions to which their yields are dependent are different, and that of end products is more severe than that of LPG. So it is clear that maximizing LPG and propylene and restricting dry gas and coke can be both achieved via increasing the severity of reaction conditions among the range of reaction conditions which LPG yield is sensitive to. 展开更多
关键词 fluid catalytic cracking heavy oil PROPYLENE temperature catalyst to oil weight ratio ZSM-5 USY
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Secondary Cracking of Gasoline and Diesel from Heavy Oil Catalytic Pyrolysis 被引量:6
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作者 刘植昌 孟祥海 +1 位作者 徐春明 高金森 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2007年第3期309-314,共6页
This paper investigated the secondary cracking of gasoline and diesel from the catalytic pyrolysis of Daqing atmospheric residue on catalyst CEP-1 in a fluidized bed reactor.The results show that the secondary crackin... This paper investigated the secondary cracking of gasoline and diesel from the catalytic pyrolysis of Daqing atmospheric residue on catalyst CEP-1 in a fluidized bed reactor.The results show that the secondary cracking reactivity of gasoline and diesel is poor,and the yield of total light olefins is only about 10%(by mass).As reaction temperature increases,ethylene yield increases,butylene yield decreases,and propylene yield shows a maximum.The optimal reaction temperature is about 670℃for the production of light olefins.With the enhance- ment of catalyst-to-oil mass ratio and steam-to-oil mass ratio,the yields of light olefins increase to some extent. About 6.30%of the mass of total aromatic rings is converted by secondary cracking,indicating that aromatic hy- drocarbons are not easy to undergo ring-opening reactions under the present experimental conditions. 展开更多
关键词 secondary cracking GASOLINE DIESEL catalytic pyrolysis ethylene PROPYLENE
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Synergistic effect of W and P on ZSM-5 and its catalytic performance in the cracking of heavy oil 被引量:5
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作者 Dongmin Han Nannan Sun +3 位作者 Jianwei Liu Chunyi Li Honghong Shan Chaohe Yang 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2014年第4期519-526,共8页
In order to develop the conversion of heavy oil with a high yield of propylene in the catalytic cracking process, ZSM-5 zeolite was modified by tungsten and phosphorus, which was proved to be an effective method. Char... In order to develop the conversion of heavy oil with a high yield of propylene in the catalytic cracking process, ZSM-5 zeolite was modified by tungsten and phosphorus, which was proved to be an effective method. Characterization results show that the improvement of catalytic performance could be correlated to the interaction of phosphorus and tungsten species on ZSM-5. P inhibited the aggregation of tungsten species on ZSM-5 and was conductive to convert the tungsten species with octahedral coordination into tetrahedral coordination. And this ultimately led to that more acid sites were reserved after hydrothermal treatment in the tungsten and phosphorus co-modified ZSM-5 catalyst. Phosphorus species played an important role to restrain the dehydrogenation activity of tungsten. In addition, a model reflecting the interaction between tungsten species and ZSM-5 framework was proposed. 展开更多
关键词 ZSM-5 TUNGSTEN phosphorus catalytic cracking PROPYLENE
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A data-driven model of drop size prediction based on artificial neural networks using small-scale data sets 被引量:1
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作者 Bo Wang Han Zhou +3 位作者 Shan Jing Qiang Zheng Wenjie Lan Shaowei Li 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期71-83,共13页
An artificial neural network(ANN)method is introduced to predict drop size in two kinds of pulsed columns with small-scale data sets.After training,the deviation between calculate and experimental results are 3.8%and ... An artificial neural network(ANN)method is introduced to predict drop size in two kinds of pulsed columns with small-scale data sets.After training,the deviation between calculate and experimental results are 3.8%and 9.3%,respectively.Through ANN model,the influence of interfacial tension and pulsation intensity on the droplet diameter has been developed.Droplet size gradually increases with the increase of interfacial tension,and decreases with the increase of pulse intensity.It can be seen that the accuracy of ANN model in predicting droplet size outside the training set range is reach the same level as the accuracy of correlation obtained based on experiments within this range.For two kinds of columns,the drop size prediction deviations of ANN model are 9.6%and 18.5%and the deviations in correlations are 11%and 15%. 展开更多
关键词 Artificial neural network Drop size Solvent extraction Pulsed column Two-phase flow HYDRODYNAMICS
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Simulation of Solvent Extraction for Naphthenic Lubricating Base Oils
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作者 Xu Xiaoling Wang Tianqi +1 位作者 Tian Qingmei Liu Yansheng 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第3期153-164,共12页
Solvent extraction is the process of separating aromatics from vacuum distillates for the production oflubricating base oils. In this study, the authors use dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) instead of furfural as solvent, in... Solvent extraction is the process of separating aromatics from vacuum distillates for the production oflubricating base oils. In this study, the authors use dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) instead of furfural as solvent, in light of itshigher selectivity, to obtain extracts with a high aromatic content for naphthenic lubricating base oils. We systematicallyinvestigated effects of the solvent-to-oil (S/O) ratio and extraction temperature on the yield of the extract, efficiency ofaromatic removal, and composition of the extracts and raffinates. The results showed that the aromatic content of extractsfor naphthenic oils could reach a high value of about 80%. The solvent maintained a high selectivity for aromatics fornaphthenic oils even under a high S/O ratio and a high extraction temperature. Moreover, the efficiency of aromatic removalfor naphthenic lubricating base oils could be enhanced by increasing either the S/O ratio or the extraction temperature,although these measures had limited effects in practice. Following this, we used the non-random two-liquid (NRTL) modelbased on the pseudo-component approach to simulate the liquid-liquid equilibrium of the system of DMSO + naphtheniclubricating base oils, and determined the parameters of binary interaction through regression based on the data on phaseequilibrium. The modeling results showed that the predicted yield, content of the solvent, and composition of the raffinatesand extracts were in good agreement with those obtained in the experiments. This validates the reliability of the model usedto represent the DMSO + naphthenic lubricating base oil system. Both the experimental data and the method of simulationreported here can help optimize the extraction of naphthenic lubricating base oils, and provide a better understanding of thecorresponding process. 展开更多
关键词 solvent extraction naphthenic lubricating base oils liquid-liquid equilibrium thermodynamic model DMSO
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Demulsification Behavior, Characteristics, and Performance of Surfactant Stabilized Oil-in-Water Emulsion under Bidirectional Pulsed Electric Field
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作者 Ren Boping Kang Yong +3 位作者 Zhang Xianming Gong Haifeng Chen Ling Liu Yunqi 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第1期10-22,共13页
As a novel electric demulsification method,bidirectional pulsed electric field(BPEF)was employed to demulsify the surfactant stabilized oil-in-water(SSO/W)emulsion for oil/water separation in this work.The demulsifica... As a novel electric demulsification method,bidirectional pulsed electric field(BPEF)was employed to demulsify the surfactant stabilized oil-in-water(SSO/W)emulsion for oil/water separation in this work.The demulsification behavior,characteristics,and stages under BPEF were explored.It was discovered that BPEF drove SSO/W emulsion to move and form vortexes,during which the oil droplets aggregated and accumulated to generate an oil droplet layer(ODL).ODL subsequently transformed into a continuous oil layer(COL)leading to the demulsification and separation of SSO/W emulsion.The conversion rate of ODL to COL was defined and used to evaluate the demulsification process and reflect the coalescence ability and transformation efficiency of dispersed oil droplets into COL.Furthermore,the effects of BPEF voltage,frequency,duty cycle,ratio of pulse output time,and surfactant type and content on the demulsification performance were examined.The optimal values of BPEF parameters for demulsification operation were 400 V,25 Hz,50%,and 4:1.O/W emulsion containing anionic surfactant was apt to be demulsified by BPEF,nonionic surfactant took the second place and cationic surfactant was the most difficult.A high surfactant content was not conducive to the BPEF demulsification.This work is anticipated to provide useful guidance for oil/water separation and oil recovery from actual emulsified oily wastewater by BPEF. 展开更多
关键词 oil-in-water emulsion SURFACTANT DEMULSIFICATION bidirectional pulsed electric field
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Characterization of Average Molecular Structure of Heavy Oil Fractions by ~1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and X-ray Diffraction 被引量:2
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作者 Ren Wenpo Yang Chaohe Shan Honghong 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2011年第3期1-7,共7页
The chemical structure of heavy oil fractions obtained by liquid-solid adsorption chromatography was character-ized by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray diffraction.The molecular weight and molecular formula of... The chemical structure of heavy oil fractions obtained by liquid-solid adsorption chromatography was character-ized by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray diffraction.The molecular weight and molecular formula of asphaltene molecules were estimated by combining 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray diffraction analyses,and were also ob-tained from vapor pressure osmometry and elemental analysis.Heteroatoms,such as S,N,and O atoms,were considered in the construction of average molecular structure of heavy oils.Two important structural parameters were proposed,including the number of alkyl chain substituents to aromatic rings and the number of total rings with heteroatoms.Ultimately,the av-erage molecular structures of polycyclic aromatics,heavy resins and asphaltene molecules were constructed.The number of α-,β-,γ-,and aromatic hydrogen atoms of the constructed average molecular structures fits well with the number of hydro-gen atoms derived from the experimental spectral data. 展开更多
关键词 heavy oil ASPHALTENE nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) X-ray diffraction (XRD) average molecular structure
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Separation of Toluene Insoluble Matter from Syncrude Coker Heavy Gas Oil 被引量:1
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作者 许志明 王宗贤 +1 位作者 L.S.Kotlyar K.H.Chung 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2003年第6期747-750,共4页
Toluene insoluble matter (TIM) in coker heavy gas oil (CHGO) from oil sands bitumen is harmful to the downstream hydrotreating, and it may be difficult to be removed by conventional filtration. In order to determine i... Toluene insoluble matter (TIM) in coker heavy gas oil (CHGO) from oil sands bitumen is harmful to the downstream hydrotreating, and it may be difficult to be removed by conventional filtration. In order to determine its origin, the TIM must first be separated from CHGO for characterization. Two techniques are described to accomplish this goal. In the ultra-centrifugation approach used in this work, CHGO is blended with a miscible liquid and centrifuged under 366000 G (gravity) force. Through this procedure toluene and hexane diluents yielded TIM contents of 24μg·g-1 and 88μg·g-1 respectively. In an alternative simplified procedure, the initial ultra-centrifugation step is omitted. Several different solvents are evaluated for use as diluents but, in each case, toluene is still used in the subsequent washing steps. TIM contents determined by this method range from 23 to about 200μg·g-1. The amount of TIM separated by means of this method depends primarily on the initial diluent used. Other conditions, such as diluent-oil ratio, water-oil ratio, mixing time, temperature and water pH value, are also studied. 展开更多
关键词 SEPARATION toluene insoluble matter coker heavy gas oil
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Development and Performance Evaluation of Catalyst for Productive Ethylene Cracking Feedstock in Selective Hydrocracking of Straight Run Diesel Oil
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作者 Tiezhen Zhang Xin Zhang +5 位作者 Yungang Jia Haiyan Li Fangming Xie Zijin Yan Hongyu Tian Hongyu Zhang 《Open Journal of Applied Sciences》 CAS 2023年第3期414-423,共10页
The upgrading of diesel oil to produce ethylene rich cracking feedstock is an important and promising technical route to reduce the ratio of diesel to gasoline. In the present work, a hydrocracking catalyst suitable f... The upgrading of diesel oil to produce ethylene rich cracking feedstock is an important and promising technical route to reduce the ratio of diesel to gasoline. In the present work, a hydrocracking catalyst suitable for selective hydrocracking of straight run diesel oil to produce high-quality ethylene cracking feedstock at low cost was developed, by optimizing the composition of catalyst support materials, using amorphous silicon aluminum and aluminum oxide with high mesopore content as the main support, and modified Y zeolite with excellent aromatic ring opening selectivity as the acidic component. The catalyst has in-depth characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, N<sub>2</sub>-low temperature adsorption-desorption, NH<sub>3</sub>-temperature-programmed desorption, and IR techniques. And its catalytic cracking straight run diesel oil performance was evaluated. The results show that the prepared catalyst has high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring opening cracking selectivity. However, alkanes retained in diesel distillates can achieve the goal of producing more ethylene cracking feedstocks with low BMCI value under low and moderate pressure conditions. This work may shed significant technical insight for oil refining transformation. 展开更多
关键词 Straight Run Diesel Mild Hydrocracking CATALYST Ethylene Cracking Feedstock Process Research
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Catalytic aquathermolysis of Shengli heavy crude oil with an amphiphilic cobalt catalyst 被引量:1
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作者 Yan-Bin Cao Long-Li Zhang Dao-Hong Xia 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第3期463-475,共13页
An interfacially active cobalt complex,cobalt dodecylbenzenesulfonate,was synthesized.Elemental analysis,atomic absorption spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),thermogravimetric analysis,and s... An interfacially active cobalt complex,cobalt dodecylbenzenesulfonate,was synthesized.Elemental analysis,atomic absorption spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),thermogravimetric analysis,and surface/interfacial tension determination were performed to investigate the properties of the catalyst.Results showed that the synthesized catalyst showed active interfacial behavior,decreasing the surface tension and interfacial tension between heavy oil and liquid phase to below 30 and 1.5 mN/m,respectively.The catalyst was not thermally degraded at a temperature of 400 ℃,indicating its high thermal stability.Catalytic performance of the catalyst was evaluated by carrying out aquathermolysis.The viscosity determination showed that the viscosity of the heavy oil decreased by 38%.The average molecular weight,group compositions,and average molecular structure of various samples were analyzed using elemental analysis,FT-IR,electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance(ESI FT-ICR MS),and ~1H nuclear magnetic resonance.Results indicated that the catalyst could attack the sulfur- and O_2-type heteroatomic compounds in asphaltene and resin,especially the compounds with aromatic structure,leading to a decrease in the molecular weight and then the reduction in the viscosity of heavy oil.Therefore,the synthesized catalyst might find an application in catalytic aquathermolysis of heavy oil,especially for the high-aromaticity heavy oil with high oxygen content. 展开更多
关键词 Interfacially active CoDBS Catalytic aquathermolysis Oxygen-contained groups Heavy oil
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Laboratory studies of rice bran as a carbon source to stimulate indigenous microorganisms in oil reservoirs 被引量:1
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作者 Chun-Mao Chen Jin-Ling Wang +4 位作者 Jung Bong Kim Qing-Hong Wang Jing Wang Brandon A.Yoza Qing X.Li 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第3期572-583,共12页
There is a great interest in developing cost-efficient nutrients to stimulate microorganisms in indigenous microbial enhanced oil recovery(IMEOR) processes.In the present study,the potential of rice bran as a carbon... There is a great interest in developing cost-efficient nutrients to stimulate microorganisms in indigenous microbial enhanced oil recovery(IMEOR) processes.In the present study,the potential of rice bran as a carbon source for promoting IMEOR was investigated on a laboratory scale.The co-applications of rice bran,K2HPO4 and urea under optimized bio-stimulation conditions significantly increased the production of gases,acids and emulsifiers.The structure and diversity of microbial community greatly changed during the IMEOR process,in which Clostridium sp.,Acidobacteria sp.,Bacillus sp.,and Pseudomonas sp.were dominant.Pressurization,acidification and emulsification due to microbial activities and interactions markedly improved the IMEOR processes.This study indicated that rice bran is a potential carbon source for IMEOR. 展开更多
关键词 Rice bran Bio-stimulation Petroleum Microbial diversity Indigenous microbial enhanced oil recovery
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Ca and Sr co-doping induced oxygen vacancies in 3DOM La_(2-x)Sr_(x)Ce_(2-y)CayO_(7-δ)catalysts for boosting low-temperature oxidative coupling of methane
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作者 Tongtong Wu Yuechang Wei +5 位作者 Jing Xiong Yitao Yang Zhenpeng Wang Dawei Han Zhen Zhao Jian Liu 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期331-344,共14页
It is urgent to develop catalysts with application potential for oxidative coupling of methane(OCM)at relatively lower temperature.Herein,three-dimensional ordered macro porous(3 DOM)La_(2-x)Sr_(x)Ce_(2-y)CayO_(7-δ)(... It is urgent to develop catalysts with application potential for oxidative coupling of methane(OCM)at relatively lower temperature.Herein,three-dimensional ordered macro porous(3 DOM)La_(2-x)Sr_(x)Ce_(2-y)CayO_(7-δ)(A_(2)B_(2)O_(7)-type)catalysts with disordered defective cubic fluorite phased structure were successfully prepared by a colloidal crystal template method.3DOM structure promotes the accessibility of the gaseous reactants(O2and CH4)to the active sites.The co-doping of Ca and Sr ions in La_(2-x)Sr_(x)Ce_(2-y)CayO_(7-δ)catalysts improved the formation of oxygen vacancies,thereby leading to increased density of surface-active oxygen species(O_(2)^(-))for the activation of CH4and the formation of C2products(C2H6and C2H4).3DOM La_(2-x)Sr_(x)Ce_(2-y)CayO_(7-δ)catalysts exhibit high catalytic activity for OCM at low temperature.3DOM La1.7Sr0.3Ce1.7Ca0.3O7-δcatalyst with the highest density of O_(2)^(-)species exhibited the highest catalytic activity for low-temperature OCM,i.e.,its CH4conversion,selectivity and yield of C2products at 650℃are 32.2%,66.1%and 21.3%,respectively.The mechanism was proposed that the increase in surface oxygen vacancies induced by the co-doping of Ca and Sr ions boosts the key step of C-H bond breaking and C-C bond coupling in catalyzing low-temperature OCM.It is meaningful for the development of the low-temperature and high-efficient catalysts for OCM reaction in practical application. 展开更多
关键词 3DOM catalysts Ca ions Sr ions Low-temperature oxidative couplingof methane Oxygen vacancies O_(2)^(-) species
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Acoustic characterization of hydrate formation and decomposition in clay-bearing sediments
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作者 Yi-Jian Zhu Xiao-Mei Yang +6 位作者 Xing Huang Hao Li Xiao-Hui Wang Yi-Fei Sun Peng Xiao Chang-Yu Sun Guang-Jin Chen 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期2830-2838,共9页
Understanding the acoustic characteristics of hydrates in various sediments is crucial for hydrate resource detection and safe and efficient exploitation,as hydrate occurrence patterns vary greatly in different sedime... Understanding the acoustic characteristics of hydrates in various sediments is crucial for hydrate resource detection and safe and efficient exploitation,as hydrate occurrence patterns vary greatly in different sediments.In this work,sediments with different bentonite contents,water saturations,and types were prepared to investigate the characteristics of P-wave velocity(reflecting the magnitude of hydrate saturation in the sediment)and amplitude(reflecting the degree of hydrate-sediment cementation)during hydrate formation and depressurization.During hydrate formation,the P-wave velocity and amplitude have similar trends.As clay content increases,the P-wave velocity increase rates quickened.On the other hand,the increased rate of P-wave velocity slows down with the increase of water saturation in the clay-bearing sediments.Comparing various types of sediment shows that the water absorption and swelling of bentonite reduce the pore space,speeding up the cementation of the hydrate with the sediment and increasing P-wave velocity at a faster rate.Correspondence between P-wave velocity and hydrate saturation is strongly related to sediment type,clay content,and water saturation.The rapidly decreasing amplitude in the early stage of hydrate depressurization indicates that hydrate in clay-bearing sediments is weakly cemented to the sediments,which is prone to stratigraphic instability.The findings of this study offer guidance for hydrate resource assessments in clay-bearing sediments as well as geologic risk estimations during hydrate mining. 展开更多
关键词 Gas hydrate BENTONITE ILLITE P-wave velocity Amplitude
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