The Bureau of Statistics has demonstrated a forward-looking strategic approach in its economic census.By leveraging dual innovations in technology and management,and incorporating modern technologies such as big data,...The Bureau of Statistics has demonstrated a forward-looking strategic approach in its economic census.By leveraging dual innovations in technology and management,and incorporating modern technologies such as big data,cloud computing,and the Internet of Things,it has deepened the reform of the census methodology.Additionally,the Bureau has built a multi-dimensional collaborative network that enhances international cooperation,departmental coordination,and public participation.This approach not only addresses the limitations of traditional statistical methods in a complex economic environment but also improves data quality and census efficiency,providing an accurate and reliable foundation for national economic decision-making.展开更多
“Four classes of enterprises above designated size”(hereinafter called four-classes enterprises)refer to objects of statistical survey that have reached a certain scale in China’s current statistical method system,...“Four classes of enterprises above designated size”(hereinafter called four-classes enterprises)refer to objects of statistical survey that have reached a certain scale in China’s current statistical method system,including four classes in national economy,namely,industrial enterprises above designated size,construction and real estate development and management enterprises above qualifications,wholesale and retail,catering and accommodation enterprises,and service enterprises above designated size,which are the primary part of national economic and social development activities.This paper is focused on analyzing the practice and difficulties in the current statistics work of four-classes enterprises,and then this paper proposes some recommendations.展开更多
It is well known that the nonparametric estimation of the regression function is highly sensitive to the presence of even a small proportion of outliers in the data.To solve the problem of typical observations when th...It is well known that the nonparametric estimation of the regression function is highly sensitive to the presence of even a small proportion of outliers in the data.To solve the problem of typical observations when the covariates of the nonparametric component are functional,the robust estimates for the regression parameter and regression operator are introduced.The main propose of the paper is to consider data-driven methods of selecting the number of neighbors in order to make the proposed processes fully automatic.We use thek Nearest Neighbors procedure(kNN)to construct the kernel estimator of the proposed robust model.Under some regularity conditions,we state consistency results for kNN functional estimators,which are uniform in the number of neighbors(UINN).Furthermore,a simulation study and an empirical application to a real data analysis of octane gasoline predictions are carried out to illustrate the higher predictive performances and the usefulness of the kNN approach.展开更多
This article proposes the maximum test for a sequence of quadratic form statistics about score test in logistic regression model which can be applied to genetic and medicine fields.Theoretical properties about the max...This article proposes the maximum test for a sequence of quadratic form statistics about score test in logistic regression model which can be applied to genetic and medicine fields.Theoretical properties about the maximum test are derived.Extensive simulation studies are conducted to testify powers robustness of the maximum test compared to other two existed test.We also apply the maximum test to a real dataset about multiple gene variables association analysis.展开更多
Moments of generalized order statistics appear in several areas of science and engineering.These moments are useful in studying properties of the random variables which are arranged in increasing order of importance,f...Moments of generalized order statistics appear in several areas of science and engineering.These moments are useful in studying properties of the random variables which are arranged in increasing order of importance,for example,time to failure of a computer system.The computation of these moments is sometimes very tedious and hence some algorithms are required.One algorithm is to use a recursive method of computation of these moments and is very useful as it provides the basis to compute higher moments of generalized order statistics from the corresponding lower-order moments.Generalized order statistics pro-vides several models of ordered data as a special case.The moments of general-ized order statistics also provide moments of order statistics and record values as a special case.In this research,the recurrence relations for single,product,inverse and ratio moments of generalized order statistics will be obtained for Lindley–Weibull distribution.These relations will be helpful for obtained moments of gen-eralized order statistics from Lindley–Weibull distribution recursively.Special cases of the recurrence relations will also be obtained.Some characterizations of the distribution will also be obtained by using moments of generalized order statistics.These relations for moments and characterizations can be used in differ-ent areas of computer sciences where data is arranged in increasing order.展开更多
In this paper explicit expressions and some recurrence relations are derived for marginal and joint moment generating functions of generalized order statistics from Erlang-truncated exponential distribution. The resul...In this paper explicit expressions and some recurrence relations are derived for marginal and joint moment generating functions of generalized order statistics from Erlang-truncated exponential distribution. The results for k-th record values and order statistics are deduced from the relations derived. Further, a characterizing result of this distribution on using the conditional expectation of function of generalized order statistics is discussed.展开更多
The history of independent Hungarian Statistics(including Economic/Business Statistics)dates back to 1867.Among the first tasks of the Hungarian Statistics,we needed to highlight the importance of surveying and analys...The history of independent Hungarian Statistics(including Economic/Business Statistics)dates back to 1867.Among the first tasks of the Hungarian Statistics,we needed to highlight the importance of surveying and analysing the state of the Hungarian economy.While the statistics of economic branches(sectors)were established in the last decades of the 19th century,the analysis of economy at national level appeared in the first half of the 20th century.Over the decades,with the development of technology and sciences,the changing economic processes have been shaped the system of economic/business statistics.In the past few decades,the changes have been accelerating;the digital world,information boom,and globalization represent nevertheless a much greater challenge for statisticians and users than those of the previous decades.It is getting more and more challenging to use the ocean of information and data.In statistical knowledge,the role of statisticians has gained importance,because in order to produce,publish reliable data,and make proper decisions,we need to know all about the statistical data(meaning of data)and statisticians need to enhance statistical knowledge and statistical culture.展开更多
Mixtures of lifetime distributions occur when two different causes of failure arc present, each with the same parametric form of lifetime distributions. This paper is considered with the mixture model of exponentiated...Mixtures of lifetime distributions occur when two different causes of failure arc present, each with the same parametric form of lifetime distributions. This paper is considered with the mixture model of exponentiated Rayleigh and exponentiated exponential distributions. The author＇s objectives are finding the statistical properties of the model and estimating the parameters of the model by using point estimation and interval estimation methods. First, some properties of the model with some graphs of the density function are discussed. Next, the maximum likelihood method of estimation is used for estimating scale and shape parameters of the model. Estimating the parameters is studied under complete and type II censored samples for different sample sizes. Asymptotic Fisher information matrix of the estimators for complete samples is founded with different sample sizes. The asymptotic variances of the maximum likelihood estimates are derived. Based on the asymptotic variances of the maximum likelihood estimates, interval estimates of the parameters are obtained. Some of the equations in this paper are solved by using numerical iteration such as Newton Raphson method by using Mathematica 7.0. The performance of findings in the paper is showed by demonstrating some numerical illustrations through Monte Carlo simulation study based on absolute relative bias and mean square error.展开更多
Many researchers measure the uncertainty of a random variable using quantile-based entropy techniques.These techniques are useful in engineering applications and have some exceptional characteristics than their distri...Many researchers measure the uncertainty of a random variable using quantile-based entropy techniques.These techniques are useful in engineering applications and have some exceptional characteristics than their distribution function method.Considering order statistics,the key focus of this article is to propose new quantile-based Mathai-Haubold entropy and investigate its characteristics.The divergence measure of theMathai-Haubold is also considered and some of its properties are established.Further,based on order statistics,we propose the residual entropy of the quantile-based Mathai-Haubold and some of its property results are proved.The performance of the proposed quantile-based Mathai-Haubold entropy is investigated by simulation studies.Finally,a real data application is used to compare our proposed quantile-based entropy to the existing quantile entropies.The results reveal the outperformance of our proposed entropy to the other entropies.展开更多
Total Number of Medical and Health Institutions At the end of 2011, the number of medical and health institutions totaled 954,389, an increase of 17,462 compared with that of last year. Of which, there were 21,979 hos...Total Number of Medical and Health Institutions At the end of 2011, the number of medical and health institutions totaled 954,389, an increase of 17,462 compared with that of last year. Of which, there were 21,979 hospitals, 918,003 grassroots healthcare institutions and 11,926 specialized public health institutions. Compared with last year, the number of hospital increased by 1,061, that of grassroots heahhcare institutions increased by 16,294; and that of specialized public health institutions increased by 91 （see Table 1）.展开更多
Based on the basic formula of the confidence interval and the sampling error of mathematical statistics, the mathematical statistics method of evaluating application effects of a new type of gas anchor was given in th...Based on the basic formula of the confidence interval and the sampling error of mathematical statistics, the mathematical statistics method of evaluating application effects of a new type of gas anchor was given in this paper. By the method mentioned above, the confidence interval and the sampling errors of the relevant mean value differences of Daqing Oilfield S block’s 150 wells, according to the mean value differences of the liquid producing capacity per day, the oil production per day, the submergence depth of the 10 sampling test wells, in which before and after a new type of gas anchor were laid down, were calculated. The calculation results show that a new type of gas anchor has a better effect of increasing oil production of oil well and enhancing pump efficiency. Through the real value differences analysis of the liquid producing capacity per day, the oil production per day, the submergence depth of 150 wells mentioned above, in which before and after a new type of gas anchor were laid down, it was verified. By using the confidence interval and the sampling errors of the liquid producing capacity per day, the oil production per day, the submergence depth mentioned above, in which before and after a new type of gas anchor were laid down, the application effects of a new type of gas anchor could be evaluated. And a mathematical statistics method of evaluation application effects of a new type of gas anchor is presented.展开更多
We study a well-known problem concerning a random variable uniformly distributed between two independent random variables. Two different extensions, randomly weighted average on independent random variables and random...We study a well-known problem concerning a random variable uniformly distributed between two independent random variables. Two different extensions, randomly weighted average on independent random variables and randomly weighted average on order statistics, have been introduced for this problem. For the second method, two-sided power random variables have been defined. By using classic method and power technical method, we study some properties for these random variables.展开更多
Statistics Norway has been engaged in the development of official statistics on accidents at work for the last ten years and represents Norway in international bodies like Eurostat working groups. Some of the work was...Statistics Norway has been engaged in the development of official statistics on accidents at work for the last ten years and represents Norway in international bodies like Eurostat working groups. Some of the work was documented and presented back in 2011 at the ISI Dublin convention and a review of further developments the last four years could shed even more light over the efforts made. There has been implemented a new data collection system at the national level that involves data and files based on forms for reporting accidents at work being sent from the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration （NLW） to Statistics Norway. Nevertheless there are still some challenges to be met. These include the use of different versions of the NLW forms, the scanning and extraction of data in the NLW, the implementation of a secure electronic solution for transmitting data between the NLW and Statistics Norway, the reading and interpretation of tiff-files and the lessons to be learned from other countries. The ambition is that Statistics Norway produces methodological sound official statistics on accidents at work within the first half of 2015 and transmits data and files to Eurostat that are necessary and sufficient to fulfil EU regulations within the first half of 2016.展开更多
For characterization of negative exponential distribution one needs any arbitrary non constant function only in place of approaches such as identical distributions, absolute continuity, constancy of regression of orde...For characterization of negative exponential distribution one needs any arbitrary non constant function only in place of approaches such as identical distributions, absolute continuity, constancy of regression of order statistics, continuity and linear regression of order statistics, non-degeneracy etc. available in the literature. Recently Bhatt characterized negative exponential distribution through expectation of non constant function of random variable. Attempt is made to extend the characterization of negative exponential distribution through expectation of any arbitrary non constant function of order statistics.展开更多
Portfolio theory is used to measure the expected return and risk on the basis of the return ratio, but in fact there is always excessively high or low return ratio caused by some short-term fundamental good or bad new...Portfolio theory is used to measure the expected return and risk on the basis of the return ratio, but in fact there is always excessively high or low return ratio caused by some short-term fundamental good or bad news in the history data of return ratio. We introduce the robust statistic idea into the portfolio theory in this paper, thus reduce outliers’ influence on portfolio decision in the history data of return ratios, and bring back the portfolio on its long-term investment value track. We focused on the robust estimate method and apply them to solution processing in the portfolio model and obtained good results.展开更多
For characterization of Pareto distribution one needs any arbitrary non constant function only by approach of identity of distribution and equality of expectation of function of random variable in place of approaches ...For characterization of Pareto distribution one needs any arbitrary non constant function only by approach of identity of distribution and equality of expectation of function of random variable in place of approaches such as relation （linear） in （economic variation） reported and true income, independency of suitable function of order statistics, mean and the extreme observation of the sample etc. Examples are given for illustrative purpose展开更多
Data are critically important to good decision-making. In an increasingly complex economy, conventional data collecting schemes are no longer sufficient. To deal with the challenge of maintaining its statistics releva...Data are critically important to good decision-making. In an increasingly complex economy, conventional data collecting schemes are no longer sufficient. To deal with the challenge of maintaining its statistics relevant to the users in an ever-shifting environment, the Banco de Portugal decided to explore the largely unused statistical potential of the available micro-databases and to integrate the existing administrative and survey data, thus enhancing the basic information infrastructure while protecting confidentiality. This presentation will address the benefits and problems to be dealt with when two or more data-sources are to be integrated.展开更多
Developing nations, like Nigeria, whose financial systems and infrastructural base are not yet fully developed face data rendition challenges which may hamper the representativeness of their interest rate statistics.A...Developing nations, like Nigeria, whose financial systems and infrastructural base are not yet fully developed face data rendition challenges which may hamper the representativeness of their interest rate statistics.A critical component of any credible interest rate data compilation framework relates to the sampling procedure.In Nigeria, no work has been done with regards to employing alternatives sampling techniques in the computation of interest rate statistics largely because of the small number of deposit money banks in the country. Leveraging on existing literature and established statistical methods, the study examines two sampling techniques for generating credible and reliable interest rates in Nigeria. The current interest rate compilation framework in the country is presented and alternative sampling procedures were explored with a view to investigating their appropriateness for Nigeria＇s interest rate computation. The interest rates generated based on the current population-based compilation method is compared with those of the alternative approaches. This paper recommends the use of purposive sampling method that covers Deposit Money Banks （DMBs） which account for about 70.0 per cent of the banking sector total assets as an appropriatealternative.展开更多
Hypergeometric functions have been increasingly present in several disciplines including Statistics, but there is much confusion on their proper uses, as well as on their existence and domain of definition. In this ar...Hypergeometric functions have been increasingly present in several disciplines including Statistics, but there is much confusion on their proper uses, as well as on their existence and domain of definition. In this article, we try to clarify several points and give a general overview of the topic, going from the univariate case to the matrix case, in one and then in several arguments. We also survey some results in fields close to Statistics, where hypergeometric functions are actively used, studied and developed.展开更多
文摘The Bureau of Statistics has demonstrated a forward-looking strategic approach in its economic census.By leveraging dual innovations in technology and management,and incorporating modern technologies such as big data,cloud computing,and the Internet of Things,it has deepened the reform of the census methodology.Additionally,the Bureau has built a multi-dimensional collaborative network that enhances international cooperation,departmental coordination,and public participation.This approach not only addresses the limitations of traditional statistical methods in a complex economic environment but also improves data quality and census efficiency,providing an accurate and reliable foundation for national economic decision-making.
文摘“Four classes of enterprises above designated size”(hereinafter called four-classes enterprises)refer to objects of statistical survey that have reached a certain scale in China’s current statistical method system,including four classes in national economy,namely,industrial enterprises above designated size,construction and real estate development and management enterprises above qualifications,wholesale and retail,catering and accommodation enterprises,and service enterprises above designated size,which are the primary part of national economic and social development activities.This paper is focused on analyzing the practice and difficulties in the current statistics work of four-classes enterprises,and then this paper proposes some recommendations.
文摘It is well known that the nonparametric estimation of the regression function is highly sensitive to the presence of even a small proportion of outliers in the data.To solve the problem of typical observations when the covariates of the nonparametric component are functional,the robust estimates for the regression parameter and regression operator are introduced.The main propose of the paper is to consider data-driven methods of selecting the number of neighbors in order to make the proposed processes fully automatic.We use thek Nearest Neighbors procedure(kNN)to construct the kernel estimator of the proposed robust model.Under some regularity conditions,we state consistency results for kNN functional estimators,which are uniform in the number of neighbors(UINN).Furthermore,a simulation study and an empirical application to a real data analysis of octane gasoline predictions are carried out to illustrate the higher predictive performances and the usefulness of the kNN approach.
基金This work of Jiayan Zhu is partially supported by seeding project funding(2019ZZX026)scientific research project funding of talent recruitment,and start up funding for scientific research of Hubei University of Chinese MedicineThis work of Zhengbang Li is partially supported by self-determined research funds of Central China Normal University from colleges'basic research of MOE(CCNU18QN031).
文摘This article proposes the maximum test for a sequence of quadratic form statistics about score test in logistic regression model which can be applied to genetic and medicine fields.Theoretical properties about the maximum test are derived.Extensive simulation studies are conducted to testify powers robustness of the maximum test compared to other two existed test.We also apply the maximum test to a real dataset about multiple gene variables association analysis.
基金The work was funded by the University of Jeddah,Saudi Arabia under Grant Number UJ–02–093–DR.The authors,therefore,acknowledge with thanks the University for technical and financial support.
文摘Moments of generalized order statistics appear in several areas of science and engineering.These moments are useful in studying properties of the random variables which are arranged in increasing order of importance,for example,time to failure of a computer system.The computation of these moments is sometimes very tedious and hence some algorithms are required.One algorithm is to use a recursive method of computation of these moments and is very useful as it provides the basis to compute higher moments of generalized order statistics from the corresponding lower-order moments.Generalized order statistics pro-vides several models of ordered data as a special case.The moments of general-ized order statistics also provide moments of order statistics and record values as a special case.In this research,the recurrence relations for single,product,inverse and ratio moments of generalized order statistics will be obtained for Lindley–Weibull distribution.These relations will be helpful for obtained moments of gen-eralized order statistics from Lindley–Weibull distribution recursively.Special cases of the recurrence relations will also be obtained.Some characterizations of the distribution will also be obtained by using moments of generalized order statistics.These relations for moments and characterizations can be used in differ-ent areas of computer sciences where data is arranged in increasing order.
文摘In this paper explicit expressions and some recurrence relations are derived for marginal and joint moment generating functions of generalized order statistics from Erlang-truncated exponential distribution. The results for k-th record values and order statistics are deduced from the relations derived. Further, a characterizing result of this distribution on using the conditional expectation of function of generalized order statistics is discussed.
文摘The history of independent Hungarian Statistics(including Economic/Business Statistics)dates back to 1867.Among the first tasks of the Hungarian Statistics,we needed to highlight the importance of surveying and analysing the state of the Hungarian economy.While the statistics of economic branches(sectors)were established in the last decades of the 19th century,the analysis of economy at national level appeared in the first half of the 20th century.Over the decades,with the development of technology and sciences,the changing economic processes have been shaped the system of economic/business statistics.In the past few decades,the changes have been accelerating;the digital world,information boom,and globalization represent nevertheless a much greater challenge for statisticians and users than those of the previous decades.It is getting more and more challenging to use the ocean of information and data.In statistical knowledge,the role of statisticians has gained importance,because in order to produce,publish reliable data,and make proper decisions,we need to know all about the statistical data(meaning of data)and statisticians need to enhance statistical knowledge and statistical culture.
文摘Mixtures of lifetime distributions occur when two different causes of failure arc present, each with the same parametric form of lifetime distributions. This paper is considered with the mixture model of exponentiated Rayleigh and exponentiated exponential distributions. The author＇s objectives are finding the statistical properties of the model and estimating the parameters of the model by using point estimation and interval estimation methods. First, some properties of the model with some graphs of the density function are discussed. Next, the maximum likelihood method of estimation is used for estimating scale and shape parameters of the model. Estimating the parameters is studied under complete and type II censored samples for different sample sizes. Asymptotic Fisher information matrix of the estimators for complete samples is founded with different sample sizes. The asymptotic variances of the maximum likelihood estimates are derived. Based on the asymptotic variances of the maximum likelihood estimates, interval estimates of the parameters are obtained. Some of the equations in this paper are solved by using numerical iteration such as Newton Raphson method by using Mathematica 7.0. The performance of findings in the paper is showed by demonstrating some numerical illustrations through Monte Carlo simulation study based on absolute relative bias and mean square error.
基金Authors thank and appreciate funding this work by the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University through the Research Groups Program under the Grant No.(R.G.P.2/82/42).
文摘Many researchers measure the uncertainty of a random variable using quantile-based entropy techniques.These techniques are useful in engineering applications and have some exceptional characteristics than their distribution function method.Considering order statistics,the key focus of this article is to propose new quantile-based Mathai-Haubold entropy and investigate its characteristics.The divergence measure of theMathai-Haubold is also considered and some of its properties are established.Further,based on order statistics,we propose the residual entropy of the quantile-based Mathai-Haubold and some of its property results are proved.The performance of the proposed quantile-based Mathai-Haubold entropy is investigated by simulation studies.Finally,a real data application is used to compare our proposed quantile-based entropy to the existing quantile entropies.The results reveal the outperformance of our proposed entropy to the other entropies.
文摘Total Number of Medical and Health Institutions At the end of 2011, the number of medical and health institutions totaled 954,389, an increase of 17,462 compared with that of last year. Of which, there were 21,979 hospitals, 918,003 grassroots healthcare institutions and 11,926 specialized public health institutions. Compared with last year, the number of hospital increased by 1,061, that of grassroots heahhcare institutions increased by 16,294; and that of specialized public health institutions increased by 91 （see Table 1）.
文摘Based on the basic formula of the confidence interval and the sampling error of mathematical statistics, the mathematical statistics method of evaluating application effects of a new type of gas anchor was given in this paper. By the method mentioned above, the confidence interval and the sampling errors of the relevant mean value differences of Daqing Oilfield S block’s 150 wells, according to the mean value differences of the liquid producing capacity per day, the oil production per day, the submergence depth of the 10 sampling test wells, in which before and after a new type of gas anchor were laid down, were calculated. The calculation results show that a new type of gas anchor has a better effect of increasing oil production of oil well and enhancing pump efficiency. Through the real value differences analysis of the liquid producing capacity per day, the oil production per day, the submergence depth of 150 wells mentioned above, in which before and after a new type of gas anchor were laid down, it was verified. By using the confidence interval and the sampling errors of the liquid producing capacity per day, the oil production per day, the submergence depth mentioned above, in which before and after a new type of gas anchor were laid down, the application effects of a new type of gas anchor could be evaluated. And a mathematical statistics method of evaluation application effects of a new type of gas anchor is presented.
文摘We study a well-known problem concerning a random variable uniformly distributed between two independent random variables. Two different extensions, randomly weighted average on independent random variables and randomly weighted average on order statistics, have been introduced for this problem. For the second method, two-sided power random variables have been defined. By using classic method and power technical method, we study some properties for these random variables.
文摘Statistics Norway has been engaged in the development of official statistics on accidents at work for the last ten years and represents Norway in international bodies like Eurostat working groups. Some of the work was documented and presented back in 2011 at the ISI Dublin convention and a review of further developments the last four years could shed even more light over the efforts made. There has been implemented a new data collection system at the national level that involves data and files based on forms for reporting accidents at work being sent from the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration （NLW） to Statistics Norway. Nevertheless there are still some challenges to be met. These include the use of different versions of the NLW forms, the scanning and extraction of data in the NLW, the implementation of a secure electronic solution for transmitting data between the NLW and Statistics Norway, the reading and interpretation of tiff-files and the lessons to be learned from other countries. The ambition is that Statistics Norway produces methodological sound official statistics on accidents at work within the first half of 2015 and transmits data and files to Eurostat that are necessary and sufficient to fulfil EU regulations within the first half of 2016.
文摘For characterization of negative exponential distribution one needs any arbitrary non constant function only in place of approaches such as identical distributions, absolute continuity, constancy of regression of order statistics, continuity and linear regression of order statistics, non-degeneracy etc. available in the literature. Recently Bhatt characterized negative exponential distribution through expectation of non constant function of random variable. Attempt is made to extend the characterization of negative exponential distribution through expectation of any arbitrary non constant function of order statistics.
文摘Portfolio theory is used to measure the expected return and risk on the basis of the return ratio, but in fact there is always excessively high or low return ratio caused by some short-term fundamental good or bad news in the history data of return ratio. We introduce the robust statistic idea into the portfolio theory in this paper, thus reduce outliers’ influence on portfolio decision in the history data of return ratios, and bring back the portfolio on its long-term investment value track. We focused on the robust estimate method and apply them to solution processing in the portfolio model and obtained good results.
文摘For characterization of Pareto distribution one needs any arbitrary non constant function only by approach of identity of distribution and equality of expectation of function of random variable in place of approaches such as relation （linear） in （economic variation） reported and true income, independency of suitable function of order statistics, mean and the extreme observation of the sample etc. Examples are given for illustrative purpose
文摘Data are critically important to good decision-making. In an increasingly complex economy, conventional data collecting schemes are no longer sufficient. To deal with the challenge of maintaining its statistics relevant to the users in an ever-shifting environment, the Banco de Portugal decided to explore the largely unused statistical potential of the available micro-databases and to integrate the existing administrative and survey data, thus enhancing the basic information infrastructure while protecting confidentiality. This presentation will address the benefits and problems to be dealt with when two or more data-sources are to be integrated.
文摘Developing nations, like Nigeria, whose financial systems and infrastructural base are not yet fully developed face data rendition challenges which may hamper the representativeness of their interest rate statistics.A critical component of any credible interest rate data compilation framework relates to the sampling procedure.In Nigeria, no work has been done with regards to employing alternatives sampling techniques in the computation of interest rate statistics largely because of the small number of deposit money banks in the country. Leveraging on existing literature and established statistical methods, the study examines two sampling techniques for generating credible and reliable interest rates in Nigeria. The current interest rate compilation framework in the country is presented and alternative sampling procedures were explored with a view to investigating their appropriateness for Nigeria＇s interest rate computation. The interest rates generated based on the current population-based compilation method is compared with those of the alternative approaches. This paper recommends the use of purposive sampling method that covers Deposit Money Banks （DMBs） which account for about 70.0 per cent of the banking sector total assets as an appropriatealternative.
文摘Hypergeometric functions have been increasingly present in several disciplines including Statistics, but there is much confusion on their proper uses, as well as on their existence and domain of definition. In this article, we try to clarify several points and give a general overview of the topic, going from the univariate case to the matrix case, in one and then in several arguments. We also survey some results in fields close to Statistics, where hypergeometric functions are actively used, studied and developed.
