Background:Hyperglycemia is a characteristic feature of diabetes that often results in neuropsychological complications such as depression.Diabetic individuals are more vulnerable to experience depression compared to ...Background:Hyperglycemia is a characteristic feature of diabetes that often results in neuropsychological complications such as depression.Diabetic individuals are more vulnerable to experience depression compared to the normal population.Thus,novel treatment approaches are required to reduce depressive symptoms among diabetic individuals.Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)such as Shengmai San(SMS)and Radix puerariae(R)are usually widely used to treat ailments such as neurological com-plications since ancient time.Methods:In this study,SMS was combined with R to prepare an R-SMS formulation and screened for their antidepressant activity in diabetic rats.The antidepressant po-tential of the prepared combination was evaluated behaviorally using open field test,novelty-induced hypophagia,and forced swim test in diabetic rats with biochemical and protein expression(PI3K,BDNF[brain-derived neurotrophic factor],and SYN[pr-esynaptic vesicle protein])analysis.Results:Diabetic rats(streptozotocin,45 mg/kg)showed elevated fasting blood glu-cose(FBG)>12 mM with depressive symptoms throughout the study.Treatment with R-SMS(0.5,1.5,and 4.5 g/kg)significantly reverted depressive symptoms in diabetic rats as evinced by significantly(p<0.05)reduced immobility time with an increased tendency to eat food in a novel environment.Treatment with R-SMS also significantly increased the protein expression of PI3K,BDNF,and SYN protein,which play a crucial role in depression.Conclusion:This study showed that R-SMS formulation antagonized depressive symptoms in diabetic rats;thus,this formulation might be studied further to develop as an antidepressant.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the efficacy and immune function of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)suppression therapy in postoperative thyroid cancer patients.Methods:Sixty thyroid cancer patients admitted from July 2020–...Objective:To investigate the efficacy and immune function of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)suppression therapy in postoperative thyroid cancer patients.Methods:Sixty thyroid cancer patients admitted from July 2020–July 2022 were recruited and randomly divided into two groups.The control group(30 patients)received hormone replacement therapy,while the study group(30 patients)received TSH suppression therapy.The thyroid function,clinical efficacy,immune function,and tumor markers of the two groups were compared.Results:After treatment,the levels of free triiodothyronine(FT3)and thyroxine(FT4)in both groups increased significantly,while TSH levels decreased significantly.Moreover,the magnitude of change in the study group was greater than that in the control group(P<0.05).The total effective rate in the study group was significantly higher as compared to the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of CD3+and CD4+cells in both groups of patients increased significantly,with the study group showing significantly higher levels than the control group,whereas the level of CD8+cells decreased significantly,with the study group having lower levels than the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of Tg and CEA in both groups were significantly lowered as compared to before treatment,and the levels of Tg and CEA in the study group were significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:TSH suppression therapy in postoperative thyroid cancer patients can improve thyroid function,suppress the levels of tumor markers,and enhance immune function,thereby achieving good clinical outcomes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)patients are extremely susceptible to opportunistic infections due to glucocorticoid and immunosuppressive treatments,which often occur in the respiratory system,the urinary...BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)patients are extremely susceptible to opportunistic infections due to glucocorticoid and immunosuppressive treatments,which often occur in the respiratory system,the urinary system and the skin.However,multiple cerebral infections are rarely reported and their treatment is not standardized,especially when induced by a rare pathogen.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old woman was treated with glucocorticoid and immunosuppressant for SLE involving the hematologic system and kidneys(class IV-G lupus nephritis)for more than one year.She was admitted to hospital due to headache and fever,and was diagnosed with multiple cerebral abscesses.Brain enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple nodular abnormal signals in both frontal lobes,left parietal and temporal lobes,left masseteric space(left temporalis and masseter region).The initial surgical plan was only to remove the large abscesses in the left parietal lobe and right frontal lobe.After surgery,based on the drug susceptibility test results(a rare pathogen Nocardia asteroides was found)and taking into consideration the patient’s renal dysfunction,a multi-antibiotic regimen was selected for the treatment.The immunosuppressant mycophenolate mofetil was discontinued on admission and the dose of prednisone was reduced from 20 mg/d to 10 mg/d.Re-examination at 3 mo post-surgery showed that the intracranial lesions were reduced,the edema around the lesions was absorbed and dissipated,and her neurological symptoms had disappeared.The patient had no headaches or other neurological symptoms and lupus nephritis was stable during the 2-year follow-up period.CONCLUSION In this report,we provide reasonable indications for immunosuppression,anti-infective therapy and individualized surgery for an SLE patient complicated with multiple cerebral abscesses caused by a rare pathogen,which may help improve the diagnosis and treatment of similar cases.展开更多
As a ligand-dependent transcription factor,retinoid-associated orphan receptor gt(RORγt)that controls T helper(Th)17 cell differentiation and interleukin(IL)-17 expression plays a critical role in the progression of ...As a ligand-dependent transcription factor,retinoid-associated orphan receptor gt(RORγt)that controls T helper(Th)17 cell differentiation and interleukin(IL)-17 expression plays a critical role in the progression of several inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.An emerging novel approach to the therapy of these diseases thus involves controlling the transcriptional capacity of RORγt to decrease Th17 cell development and IL-17 production.Several RORγt inhibitors including both antagonists and inverse agonists have been discovered to regulate the transcriptional activity of RORγt by binding to orthosteric-or allosteric-binding sites in the ligand-binding domain.Some of small-molecule inhibitors have entered clinical evaluations.Therefore,in current review,the role of RORγt in Th17 regulation and Th17-related inflammatory and autoimmune diseases was highlighted.Notably,the recently developed RORγt inhibitors were summarized,with an emphasis on their optimization from lead compounds,efficacy,toxicity,mechanisms of action,and clinical trials.The limitations of current development in this area were also discussed to facilitate future research.展开更多
BACKGROUND Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)show podocyte-protective effects in chronic kidney disease.Calycosin(CA),a phytoestrogen,is isolated from Astragalus membranaceus with a kidney-tonifying effe...BACKGROUND Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)show podocyte-protective effects in chronic kidney disease.Calycosin(CA),a phytoestrogen,is isolated from Astragalus membranaceus with a kidney-tonifying effect.CA preconditioning enhances the protective effect of MSCs against renal fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral occlusion.However,the protective effect and underlying mechanism of CA-pretreated MSCs(MSCsCA)on podocytes in adriamycin(ADR)-induced focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS)mice remain unclear.AIM To investigate whether CA enhances the role of MSCs in protecting against podocyte injury induced by ADR and the possible mechanism involved.METHODS ADR was used to induce FSGS in mice,and MSCs,CA,or MSCsCA were administered to mice.Their protective effect and possible mechanism of action on podocytes were observed by Western blot,immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence,and real-time polymerase chain reaction.In vitro,ADR was used to stimulate mouse podocytes(MPC5)to induce injury,and the supernatants from MSC-,CA-,or MSCsCA-treated cells were collected to observe their protective effects on podocytes.Subsequently,the apoptosis of podocytes was detected in vivo and in vitro by Western blot,TUNEL assay,and immunofluorescence.Overexpression of Smad3,which is involved in apoptosis,was then induced to evaluate whether the MSCsCA-mediated podocyte protective effect is associated with Smad3 inhibition in MPC5 cells.RESULTS CA-pretreated MSCs enhanced the protective effect of MSCs against podocyte injury and the ability to inhibit podocyte apoptosis in ADR-induced FSGS mice and MPC5 cells.Expression of p-Smad3 was upregulated in mice with ADR-induced FSGS and MPC5 cells,which was reversed by MSCCA treatment more significantly than by MSCs or CA alone.When Smad3 was overexpressed in MPC5 cells,MSCsCA could not fulfill their potential to inhibit podocyte apoptosis.CONCLUSION MSCsCA enhance the protection of MSCs against ADR-induced podocyte apoptosis.The underlying mechanism may be related to MSCsCA-targeted inhibition of p-Smad3 in podocytes.展开更多
Photothermal therapy(PTT)has been widely used in the treatment of tumors,but its efficacy is greatly limited by the inability of precise drug delivery and the increase of heat shock proteins(HSPs)caused by high temper...Photothermal therapy(PTT)has been widely used in the treatment of tumors,but its efficacy is greatly limited by the inability of precise drug delivery and the increase of heat shock proteins(HSPs)caused by high temperature.This article describes a therapeutic strategy to enhance PTT with starvation therapy in conjunction with ferroptosis mechanism.A nanoparticle platform ZIF-8@GA was constructed by wrapping together glucose oxidase(GOX)and gold nanospheres(AuNPs)loaded with dihydroartemisinin(DHA)with zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8).This platform can take advantage of the micro-environment of osteosarcoma(OS)cells,featuring low pH and high reactive oxygen species(ROS),for precision drug delivery.GOX can effectively catalyze glucose to produce gluconic acid and H_(2)O_(2),and DHA can also induce ROS production in OS cells.ROS produced by GOX and DHA can further generate lipid peroxidation(LPO)and lead to ferroptosis of OS cells.At the same time,ROS and LPO produced can inhibit the expression of HSPs,thereby increasing the therapeutic effect of PTT.In vitro experiments show that the nanoparticles are pH and ROS responsive.1μg/mL GOX combined with 0.2μg/mL DHA promotes ferroptosis of OS cells,and increases the killing effect of near-infrared(NIR)on OS cells.Further in vivo experiments showed that the nano drug-delivery platform combined with PTT can effectively inhibit the growth of OS cells.Meanwhile,this study provides a new idea for the treatment of OS with biomaterials combined with various treatment methods.展开更多
With the proliferation of synthetic drugs,research on the mechanism of action of addictive drugs and treatment methods is of great significance.Among them,methamphetamine(METH)is the most representative amphetamine sy...With the proliferation of synthetic drugs,research on the mechanism of action of addictive drugs and treatment methods is of great significance.Among them,methamphetamine(METH)is the most representative amphetamine synthetic drug,and the treatment of METH addiction has become an urgent medical and social problem.In recent years,the therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicines on METH addiction have gained widespread attention because of their non-addictiveness,multiple targets,low side effects,low cost,and other characteristics.Previous studies have identified a variety of Chinese herbal medicines with effects on METH addiction.Based on the research on METH in recent years,this article summarizes the mechanism of action of METH as the starting point and briefly reviews the Chinese herbal medicine-based treatment of METH.展开更多
Objective:The present study explored the mechanisms involved in intestinal lymphatic ligation in rats with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods:Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:saline gro...Objective:The present study explored the mechanisms involved in intestinal lymphatic ligation in rats with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods:Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:saline group,saline+ligation group,SAP group,and SAP+ligation group.Rats in the SAP group were administered sodium taurocholate solution.Isolated mesenteric lymph duct ligation was administered to the saline+ligation and SAP+ligation groups.Endotoxin(ET),nitric oxide(NO),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1(IL-1),myeloperoxidase(MPO),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were detected.Nuclear factor-KB(NF-κB)and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)proteins were observed.The mRNA of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)was detected by PCR.Results:Pathomorphological analysis showed that necrosis was present in the lung of rats in the SAP group,but only mild lesions in the SAP+ligation group.ET,NO,TNF-α,and IL-1 in the serum and lung tissue were significantly decreased and MPO was increased in the SAP+ligation group as compared with the SAP group.However,MPO was increased.The expression of NF-κB and ICAM-1,either iNOS or TLR4,was upregulated in the SAP group,but downregulated in the SAP+ligation group.Intestinal lymph duct ligation prevented ET translocation,the release of inflammation factors,and inflammation injury.Conclusion:The intestinal lymph duct ligation could alleviate SAP-induced pulmonary injury by suppressing NF-κB activation in rats.展开更多
Ulcerative colitis(UC)is one of types of inflammatory bowel disease with high recurrence.Recent studies have highlighted that microbial dysbiosis as well as abnormal gut immunity are crucial factors that initiate a se...Ulcerative colitis(UC)is one of types of inflammatory bowel disease with high recurrence.Recent studies have highlighted that microbial dysbiosis as well as abnormal gut immunity are crucial factors that initiate a series of inflammatory responses in the UC.Modulating the gut microbiota-intestinal immunity loop has been suggested as one of key strategies for relieving UC.Many Chinese herbal medicines including some of single herb,herbal formulas and the derived constituents have been reported with protective effect against UC through modulating gut microbiome and intestinal immunity.Some clinical trials have shown promising results.This review thus focused on the current knowledge on using Chinese herbal medicines for treating UC from the mechanism aspects of regulating intestinal homeostasis involving microbiota and gut immunity.The existing clinical trials are also summarized.展开更多
基金We thank the National High-End Foreign Experts Recruitment Plan(G2022051012L)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFE0131800)+1 种基金Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2019YFH0023)the High-End Talents Recruitment Program(Liu Xinmin group)of Luzhou Municipal People's Government.
文摘Background:Hyperglycemia is a characteristic feature of diabetes that often results in neuropsychological complications such as depression.Diabetic individuals are more vulnerable to experience depression compared to the normal population.Thus,novel treatment approaches are required to reduce depressive symptoms among diabetic individuals.Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)such as Shengmai San(SMS)and Radix puerariae(R)are usually widely used to treat ailments such as neurological com-plications since ancient time.Methods:In this study,SMS was combined with R to prepare an R-SMS formulation and screened for their antidepressant activity in diabetic rats.The antidepressant po-tential of the prepared combination was evaluated behaviorally using open field test,novelty-induced hypophagia,and forced swim test in diabetic rats with biochemical and protein expression(PI3K,BDNF[brain-derived neurotrophic factor],and SYN[pr-esynaptic vesicle protein])analysis.Results:Diabetic rats(streptozotocin,45 mg/kg)showed elevated fasting blood glu-cose(FBG)>12 mM with depressive symptoms throughout the study.Treatment with R-SMS(0.5,1.5,and 4.5 g/kg)significantly reverted depressive symptoms in diabetic rats as evinced by significantly(p<0.05)reduced immobility time with an increased tendency to eat food in a novel environment.Treatment with R-SMS also significantly increased the protein expression of PI3K,BDNF,and SYN protein,which play a crucial role in depression.Conclusion:This study showed that R-SMS formulation antagonized depressive symptoms in diabetic rats;thus,this formulation might be studied further to develop as an antidepressant.
文摘Objective:To investigate the efficacy and immune function of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)suppression therapy in postoperative thyroid cancer patients.Methods:Sixty thyroid cancer patients admitted from July 2020–July 2022 were recruited and randomly divided into two groups.The control group(30 patients)received hormone replacement therapy,while the study group(30 patients)received TSH suppression therapy.The thyroid function,clinical efficacy,immune function,and tumor markers of the two groups were compared.Results:After treatment,the levels of free triiodothyronine(FT3)and thyroxine(FT4)in both groups increased significantly,while TSH levels decreased significantly.Moreover,the magnitude of change in the study group was greater than that in the control group(P<0.05).The total effective rate in the study group was significantly higher as compared to the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of CD3+and CD4+cells in both groups of patients increased significantly,with the study group showing significantly higher levels than the control group,whereas the level of CD8+cells decreased significantly,with the study group having lower levels than the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of Tg and CEA in both groups were significantly lowered as compared to before treatment,and the levels of Tg and CEA in the study group were significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:TSH suppression therapy in postoperative thyroid cancer patients can improve thyroid function,suppress the levels of tumor markers,and enhance immune function,thereby achieving good clinical outcomes.
文摘BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)patients are extremely susceptible to opportunistic infections due to glucocorticoid and immunosuppressive treatments,which often occur in the respiratory system,the urinary system and the skin.However,multiple cerebral infections are rarely reported and their treatment is not standardized,especially when induced by a rare pathogen.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old woman was treated with glucocorticoid and immunosuppressant for SLE involving the hematologic system and kidneys(class IV-G lupus nephritis)for more than one year.She was admitted to hospital due to headache and fever,and was diagnosed with multiple cerebral abscesses.Brain enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple nodular abnormal signals in both frontal lobes,left parietal and temporal lobes,left masseteric space(left temporalis and masseter region).The initial surgical plan was only to remove the large abscesses in the left parietal lobe and right frontal lobe.After surgery,based on the drug susceptibility test results(a rare pathogen Nocardia asteroides was found)and taking into consideration the patient’s renal dysfunction,a multi-antibiotic regimen was selected for the treatment.The immunosuppressant mycophenolate mofetil was discontinued on admission and the dose of prednisone was reduced from 20 mg/d to 10 mg/d.Re-examination at 3 mo post-surgery showed that the intracranial lesions were reduced,the edema around the lesions was absorbed and dissipated,and her neurological symptoms had disappeared.The patient had no headaches or other neurological symptoms and lupus nephritis was stable during the 2-year follow-up period.CONCLUSION In this report,we provide reasonable indications for immunosuppression,anti-infective therapy and individualized surgery for an SLE patient complicated with multiple cerebral abscesses caused by a rare pathogen,which may help improve the diagnosis and treatment of similar cases.
基金supported by the grants from the Sichuan Science and Technology Program,China(Grant Nos.:2023NSFSC0614 and 2022YFS0624)Southwest Medical University Science and Technology Program,China(Grant No.:2021ZKZD017)+2 种基金the Luzhou Science and Technology Program,China(Grant Nos.:2022-YJY-127,2022YFS0624-B1,2022YFS0624-C1,and 2022YFS0624-B3)the Open Research Project Program funded by the Science and Technology Development Fund(Grant No.:SKL-QRCM(UM)-2020-2022)the State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine(University of Macao,Macao,China)(Grant No.:SKL-QRCMOP21006).
文摘As a ligand-dependent transcription factor,retinoid-associated orphan receptor gt(RORγt)that controls T helper(Th)17 cell differentiation and interleukin(IL)-17 expression plays a critical role in the progression of several inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.An emerging novel approach to the therapy of these diseases thus involves controlling the transcriptional capacity of RORγt to decrease Th17 cell development and IL-17 production.Several RORγt inhibitors including both antagonists and inverse agonists have been discovered to regulate the transcriptional activity of RORγt by binding to orthosteric-or allosteric-binding sites in the ligand-binding domain.Some of small-molecule inhibitors have entered clinical evaluations.Therefore,in current review,the role of RORγt in Th17 regulation and Th17-related inflammatory and autoimmune diseases was highlighted.Notably,the recently developed RORγt inhibitors were summarized,with an emphasis on their optimization from lead compounds,efficacy,toxicity,mechanisms of action,and clinical trials.The limitations of current development in this area were also discussed to facilitate future research.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program),No.82205002Science and Technology Project of Sichuan Province,No.2022YFS0621,No.21ZDYF0348,and No.2022NSFSC1459+1 种基金Luzhou-Southwest Medical University Science and Technology Strategic Cooperation Project,No.2021LZXNYD-P04Southwest Medical University of Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital Project,No.2022-CXTD-03.
文摘BACKGROUND Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)show podocyte-protective effects in chronic kidney disease.Calycosin(CA),a phytoestrogen,is isolated from Astragalus membranaceus with a kidney-tonifying effect.CA preconditioning enhances the protective effect of MSCs against renal fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral occlusion.However,the protective effect and underlying mechanism of CA-pretreated MSCs(MSCsCA)on podocytes in adriamycin(ADR)-induced focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS)mice remain unclear.AIM To investigate whether CA enhances the role of MSCs in protecting against podocyte injury induced by ADR and the possible mechanism involved.METHODS ADR was used to induce FSGS in mice,and MSCs,CA,or MSCsCA were administered to mice.Their protective effect and possible mechanism of action on podocytes were observed by Western blot,immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence,and real-time polymerase chain reaction.In vitro,ADR was used to stimulate mouse podocytes(MPC5)to induce injury,and the supernatants from MSC-,CA-,or MSCsCA-treated cells were collected to observe their protective effects on podocytes.Subsequently,the apoptosis of podocytes was detected in vivo and in vitro by Western blot,TUNEL assay,and immunofluorescence.Overexpression of Smad3,which is involved in apoptosis,was then induced to evaluate whether the MSCsCA-mediated podocyte protective effect is associated with Smad3 inhibition in MPC5 cells.RESULTS CA-pretreated MSCs enhanced the protective effect of MSCs against podocyte injury and the ability to inhibit podocyte apoptosis in ADR-induced FSGS mice and MPC5 cells.Expression of p-Smad3 was upregulated in mice with ADR-induced FSGS and MPC5 cells,which was reversed by MSCCA treatment more significantly than by MSCs or CA alone.When Smad3 was overexpressed in MPC5 cells,MSCsCA could not fulfill their potential to inhibit podocyte apoptosis.CONCLUSION MSCsCA enhance the protection of MSCs against ADR-induced podocyte apoptosis.The underlying mechanism may be related to MSCsCA-targeted inhibition of p-Smad3 in podocytes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82002363)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0195).
文摘Photothermal therapy(PTT)has been widely used in the treatment of tumors,but its efficacy is greatly limited by the inability of precise drug delivery and the increase of heat shock proteins(HSPs)caused by high temperature.This article describes a therapeutic strategy to enhance PTT with starvation therapy in conjunction with ferroptosis mechanism.A nanoparticle platform ZIF-8@GA was constructed by wrapping together glucose oxidase(GOX)and gold nanospheres(AuNPs)loaded with dihydroartemisinin(DHA)with zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8).This platform can take advantage of the micro-environment of osteosarcoma(OS)cells,featuring low pH and high reactive oxygen species(ROS),for precision drug delivery.GOX can effectively catalyze glucose to produce gluconic acid and H_(2)O_(2),and DHA can also induce ROS production in OS cells.ROS produced by GOX and DHA can further generate lipid peroxidation(LPO)and lead to ferroptosis of OS cells.At the same time,ROS and LPO produced can inhibit the expression of HSPs,thereby increasing the therapeutic effect of PTT.In vitro experiments show that the nanoparticles are pH and ROS responsive.1μg/mL GOX combined with 0.2μg/mL DHA promotes ferroptosis of OS cells,and increases the killing effect of near-infrared(NIR)on OS cells.Further in vivo experiments showed that the nano drug-delivery platform combined with PTT can effectively inhibit the growth of OS cells.Meanwhile,this study provides a new idea for the treatment of OS with biomaterials combined with various treatment methods.
基金Supported by Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Department(No.2022YFS0635)Luzhou Science and Technology Bureau(No.2021LZXNYD-Z09)。
文摘With the proliferation of synthetic drugs,research on the mechanism of action of addictive drugs and treatment methods is of great significance.Among them,methamphetamine(METH)is the most representative amphetamine synthetic drug,and the treatment of METH addiction has become an urgent medical and social problem.In recent years,the therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicines on METH addiction have gained widespread attention because of their non-addictiveness,multiple targets,low side effects,low cost,and other characteristics.Previous studies have identified a variety of Chinese herbal medicines with effects on METH addiction.Based on the research on METH in recent years,this article summarizes the mechanism of action of METH as the starting point and briefly reviews the Chinese herbal medicine-based treatment of METH.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81873067 and No.81102868).
文摘Objective:The present study explored the mechanisms involved in intestinal lymphatic ligation in rats with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods:Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:saline group,saline+ligation group,SAP group,and SAP+ligation group.Rats in the SAP group were administered sodium taurocholate solution.Isolated mesenteric lymph duct ligation was administered to the saline+ligation and SAP+ligation groups.Endotoxin(ET),nitric oxide(NO),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1(IL-1),myeloperoxidase(MPO),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were detected.Nuclear factor-KB(NF-κB)and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)proteins were observed.The mRNA of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)was detected by PCR.Results:Pathomorphological analysis showed that necrosis was present in the lung of rats in the SAP group,but only mild lesions in the SAP+ligation group.ET,NO,TNF-α,and IL-1 in the serum and lung tissue were significantly decreased and MPO was increased in the SAP+ligation group as compared with the SAP group.However,MPO was increased.The expression of NF-κB and ICAM-1,either iNOS or TLR4,was upregulated in the SAP group,but downregulated in the SAP+ligation group.Intestinal lymph duct ligation prevented ET translocation,the release of inflammation factors,and inflammation injury.Conclusion:The intestinal lymph duct ligation could alleviate SAP-induced pulmonary injury by suppressing NF-κB activation in rats.
基金supported by the grants from the Sichuan Science and Technology Program,China(No.2023NSFSC0614,2022YFS0624)grant from Science and Technology Program of Luzhou,China(No.21CGZHPT0001,2022-YJY-127)+1 种基金grant from Southwest Medical University,China(No.2021ZKZD017)grant from The Open Research Project Program of the State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine(University of Macao),China(SKL-QRCM-OP21006).
文摘Ulcerative colitis(UC)is one of types of inflammatory bowel disease with high recurrence.Recent studies have highlighted that microbial dysbiosis as well as abnormal gut immunity are crucial factors that initiate a series of inflammatory responses in the UC.Modulating the gut microbiota-intestinal immunity loop has been suggested as one of key strategies for relieving UC.Many Chinese herbal medicines including some of single herb,herbal formulas and the derived constituents have been reported with protective effect against UC through modulating gut microbiome and intestinal immunity.Some clinical trials have shown promising results.This review thus focused on the current knowledge on using Chinese herbal medicines for treating UC from the mechanism aspects of regulating intestinal homeostasis involving microbiota and gut immunity.The existing clinical trials are also summarized.
