Interleukin-22(IL-22)is a member of IL-10 cytokine family which is expressed in activated T cells predominantly and in activated natural killer cells at lower levels.Previous studies have demonstrated the link between...Interleukin-22(IL-22)is a member of IL-10 cytokine family which is expressed in activated T cells predominantly and in activated natural killer cells at lower levels.Previous studies have demonstrated the link between elevated levels of IL-22 and disease severity of psoriasis,Crohn’s disease,rheumatoid arthritis and interstitial lung diseases.However,the function of IL-22 in the development and progression of colorectal cancer(CRC)remains elusive.In this study,we first evaluated the IL-22/IL-22R1 level in CRC patients,and found that tumor tissues have more active expression of IL-22 and IL-22R1 than normal tissues,presenting correlation with the degree of differentiation of tumor tissues.Subsequently,caspase and cell viability assays were performed on SW-480 cell line,which expresses high level of IL-22R1,to examine if the supplementation of IL-22 has an impact on apoptosis and proliferation.In comparison with treatment of 5-FU,supplementation of IL-22 promoted cell proliferation and ameliorated apoptosis.To unveil signal transduction upon activation of IL-22R,we examined the phosphorylation of STAT3 in SW-480 cell line following supplementation of IL-22.The treatment of IL-22 also increased the level of p-Akt,an essential component in PI3K/Akt pathway.Although the link between STAT3 phosphorylation and PI3K/Akt activation remains to be explored,our study revealed the mechanism underlying the effects of IL-22R activation on apoptosis as well as tumor differentiation,indicating the prognostic value of IL-22/IL-22R.展开更多
Objective:to compare the methods of petrous apical bone removal and to explore the applicable scope of Kawase approach and retrosigmoid sinus-internal auditory canal approach.Methods:one group of cadaveric head specim...Objective:to compare the methods of petrous apical bone removal and to explore the applicable scope of Kawase approach and retrosigmoid sinus-internal auditory canal approach.Methods:one group of cadaveric head specimens simulated Kawase approach to measure the data of“Kawase triangle”,the other group simulated retrosigmoid sinus-internal auditory canal approach to measure the safety range of the grinding bone window.Then we explored the clinical indications of the two surgical approaches.Result:the grinding depth of Kawase triangle was 11.6±0.14 mm,and the range of clival exposed after grinding Kawase triangle was 22.4±1.22 mm,which could effectively expose the ventrolateral brainstem,the midline of clivus and the area above the facial acoustic nerve.The diameter of the anterior and posterior of the grinding bone window in the retrosigmoid sinus-internal auditory canal approach was 21.95±2.23 mm.In front of the exposure area were the internal carotid artery,the cavernous sinus,and the upper trigeminal nerve;the lower part was the connection between the facial acoustic nerve and the abducent nerve.Conclusion:Kawase approach is suitable for lesions of ventrolateral brainstem,middle superior clivus,with or without invasion of middle cranial fossa;the retrosigmoid sinus-superior internal auditory canal approach is suitable for lesions mainly in cerebellopontine angle area and only slightly invading Meckel’s cavity.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of Benefit Liver Granule (BLG), a traditional Chinese medical preparation, in antagonizing liver fibrosis and its possible mechanism. Methods:Carbon tetrachloride was used to establish ...Objective:To explore the effect of Benefit Liver Granule (BLG), a traditional Chinese medical preparation, in antagonizing liver fibrosis and its possible mechanism. Methods:Carbon tetrachloride was used to establish the experimental liver fibrosis model of rat. The model rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and BLG, Astragalus (As), Salvia (Sa) and normal saline (for control) respectively were given to them by gastrogavage. Changes of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), transforming growth factor α(TGF α), interleukine 6 (IL 6), liver content of hydroxyproline (Hyp), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonyldialdehyde (MDA) as well as liver pathology after treatment were observed. A normal control group was also established for control.Results: Pathological examination showed that in the saline group, the structure of normal hepatic lobuli was destroyed with swelled liver cells, focal necrosis, extensive fatty degeneration, and focal inflammatory cell infiltration. Small amounts of proliferated fiber tissue were found in the intra lobular area, peri central vein area, portal area and limiting plate area, and formation of pseudolobuli was also seen. In the 3 treated groups, the serum ALT, AST, TGF α and IL 6 as well as liver content of Hyp, and MDA were lower and SOD were higher than those in the control group significantly, P <0.05 or P <0.01.Conclusion: BLG, As and Sa have the action of anti liver fibrosis, while BLG has the best effect. The mechanisms are probably related to their effects in regulating TGF α and IL 6, reducing collagen fiber synthesis, promoting free radical scavenge and anti lipid peroxidation.展开更多
Objective:gliomas are the most common intracranial tumors.Fibroblast growth factor-12(FGF12),which belongs to the fibroblast growth factor(FGFs)family,plays an important role in cell mitosis,as well as in other life f...Objective:gliomas are the most common intracranial tumors.Fibroblast growth factor-12(FGF12),which belongs to the fibroblast growth factor(FGFs)family,plays an important role in cell mitosis,as well as in other life functions,such as embryo development,tissue repair,cell proliferation,and tumor growth and invasion.The purpose of this study was to explore the potential value of FGF12 in high-grade gliomas and to predict its drug sensitivity.To provide a possible therapeutic target for glioma.Methods:high-grade glioma gene expression data and clinical information were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus(GEO)database,using the R language“impute”and“survival”survival analysis package.The FGF12 genes closely related to survival were screened,a survival curve was drawn,and clinical correlation analysis was conducted.The differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were defined as |logFC|>1,adj.PVal<0.05 as the standard.We used the David for Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis,and constructed the protein-protein interactions(PPI)network.Then we used the Connectivity Map(CMAP)database for drug location,and the validation group was verified by the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas(CGGA)database in the same way.Results:we found that high FGF12 expression was associated with a higher survival rate.The same validation was performed in the validation group through the CGGA database,and the survival curve showed the same trend.The expression level of FGF12 is an independent factor that affects the life time and status of the samples,and it is a low risk factor.GO enrichment analysis showed that differential genes were enriched in matrix transmembrane transporter activity,ion channels and calcium ion active channels.KEGG showed that DEGs were enriched in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-protein kinase B(Akt)signaling pathway,dopaminergic synapse and cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)signaling pathway.Four seed genes,GRIA2,COLLA2,GRIA4 and HES6,were obtained by PPI network analysis.The cAMP was used to analyze and obtained 7 small molecule drugs,such as merbromin,naloxone,AH-2384&ticarcillin,vincamine,amoxicillin,azacyclonol,which may be helpful in the prognosis of high-grade gliomas.Conclusion:FGF12 and its pathway may serve as a biomarker or therapeutic target for high-grade gliomas.展开更多
文摘Interleukin-22(IL-22)is a member of IL-10 cytokine family which is expressed in activated T cells predominantly and in activated natural killer cells at lower levels.Previous studies have demonstrated the link between elevated levels of IL-22 and disease severity of psoriasis,Crohn’s disease,rheumatoid arthritis and interstitial lung diseases.However,the function of IL-22 in the development and progression of colorectal cancer(CRC)remains elusive.In this study,we first evaluated the IL-22/IL-22R1 level in CRC patients,and found that tumor tissues have more active expression of IL-22 and IL-22R1 than normal tissues,presenting correlation with the degree of differentiation of tumor tissues.Subsequently,caspase and cell viability assays were performed on SW-480 cell line,which expresses high level of IL-22R1,to examine if the supplementation of IL-22 has an impact on apoptosis and proliferation.In comparison with treatment of 5-FU,supplementation of IL-22 promoted cell proliferation and ameliorated apoptosis.To unveil signal transduction upon activation of IL-22R,we examined the phosphorylation of STAT3 in SW-480 cell line following supplementation of IL-22.The treatment of IL-22 also increased the level of p-Akt,an essential component in PI3K/Akt pathway.Although the link between STAT3 phosphorylation and PI3K/Akt activation remains to be explored,our study revealed the mechanism underlying the effects of IL-22R activation on apoptosis as well as tumor differentiation,indicating the prognostic value of IL-22/IL-22R.
文摘Objective:to compare the methods of petrous apical bone removal and to explore the applicable scope of Kawase approach and retrosigmoid sinus-internal auditory canal approach.Methods:one group of cadaveric head specimens simulated Kawase approach to measure the data of“Kawase triangle”,the other group simulated retrosigmoid sinus-internal auditory canal approach to measure the safety range of the grinding bone window.Then we explored the clinical indications of the two surgical approaches.Result:the grinding depth of Kawase triangle was 11.6±0.14 mm,and the range of clival exposed after grinding Kawase triangle was 22.4±1.22 mm,which could effectively expose the ventrolateral brainstem,the midline of clivus and the area above the facial acoustic nerve.The diameter of the anterior and posterior of the grinding bone window in the retrosigmoid sinus-internal auditory canal approach was 21.95±2.23 mm.In front of the exposure area were the internal carotid artery,the cavernous sinus,and the upper trigeminal nerve;the lower part was the connection between the facial acoustic nerve and the abducent nerve.Conclusion:Kawase approach is suitable for lesions of ventrolateral brainstem,middle superior clivus,with or without invasion of middle cranial fossa;the retrosigmoid sinus-superior internal auditory canal approach is suitable for lesions mainly in cerebellopontine angle area and only slightly invading Meckel’s cavity.
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of Benefit Liver Granule (BLG), a traditional Chinese medical preparation, in antagonizing liver fibrosis and its possible mechanism. Methods:Carbon tetrachloride was used to establish the experimental liver fibrosis model of rat. The model rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and BLG, Astragalus (As), Salvia (Sa) and normal saline (for control) respectively were given to them by gastrogavage. Changes of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), transforming growth factor α(TGF α), interleukine 6 (IL 6), liver content of hydroxyproline (Hyp), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonyldialdehyde (MDA) as well as liver pathology after treatment were observed. A normal control group was also established for control.Results: Pathological examination showed that in the saline group, the structure of normal hepatic lobuli was destroyed with swelled liver cells, focal necrosis, extensive fatty degeneration, and focal inflammatory cell infiltration. Small amounts of proliferated fiber tissue were found in the intra lobular area, peri central vein area, portal area and limiting plate area, and formation of pseudolobuli was also seen. In the 3 treated groups, the serum ALT, AST, TGF α and IL 6 as well as liver content of Hyp, and MDA were lower and SOD were higher than those in the control group significantly, P <0.05 or P <0.01.Conclusion: BLG, As and Sa have the action of anti liver fibrosis, while BLG has the best effect. The mechanisms are probably related to their effects in regulating TGF α and IL 6, reducing collagen fiber synthesis, promoting free radical scavenge and anti lipid peroxidation.
文摘Objective:gliomas are the most common intracranial tumors.Fibroblast growth factor-12(FGF12),which belongs to the fibroblast growth factor(FGFs)family,plays an important role in cell mitosis,as well as in other life functions,such as embryo development,tissue repair,cell proliferation,and tumor growth and invasion.The purpose of this study was to explore the potential value of FGF12 in high-grade gliomas and to predict its drug sensitivity.To provide a possible therapeutic target for glioma.Methods:high-grade glioma gene expression data and clinical information were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus(GEO)database,using the R language“impute”and“survival”survival analysis package.The FGF12 genes closely related to survival were screened,a survival curve was drawn,and clinical correlation analysis was conducted.The differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were defined as |logFC|>1,adj.PVal<0.05 as the standard.We used the David for Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis,and constructed the protein-protein interactions(PPI)network.Then we used the Connectivity Map(CMAP)database for drug location,and the validation group was verified by the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas(CGGA)database in the same way.Results:we found that high FGF12 expression was associated with a higher survival rate.The same validation was performed in the validation group through the CGGA database,and the survival curve showed the same trend.The expression level of FGF12 is an independent factor that affects the life time and status of the samples,and it is a low risk factor.GO enrichment analysis showed that differential genes were enriched in matrix transmembrane transporter activity,ion channels and calcium ion active channels.KEGG showed that DEGs were enriched in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-protein kinase B(Akt)signaling pathway,dopaminergic synapse and cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)signaling pathway.Four seed genes,GRIA2,COLLA2,GRIA4 and HES6,were obtained by PPI network analysis.The cAMP was used to analyze and obtained 7 small molecule drugs,such as merbromin,naloxone,AH-2384&ticarcillin,vincamine,amoxicillin,azacyclonol,which may be helpful in the prognosis of high-grade gliomas.Conclusion:FGF12 and its pathway may serve as a biomarker or therapeutic target for high-grade gliomas.
