AIM:To investigate the symmetry of upper eyelid in patients with unilateral mild and moderate blepharoptosis who underwent unilateral minimally invasive combined fascia sheath(CFS)suspension.METHODS:A retrospective st...AIM:To investigate the symmetry of upper eyelid in patients with unilateral mild and moderate blepharoptosis who underwent unilateral minimally invasive combined fascia sheath(CFS)suspension.METHODS:A retrospective study of patients who underwent unilateral minimally invasive CFS suspension surgery between January 2018 and December 2021.Inclusion criteria included unilateral mild and moderate ptosis,good levator muscle function(>9 mm)and follow-up of at least 6mo.Pre-and post-operative symmetry was graded subjectively for marginal reflex distance 1(MRD1),tarsal platform show(TPS)and eyebrow fat span(BFS).A t-test was used to evaluate MRD1,TPS and BFS asymmetry by calculating delta values.The Bézier curve tool of the Image J software was used to extract the upper eyelid contours,where the symmetry was measured by the percentage of overlapping curvatures(POC).RESULTS:Totally 105 patients(105 eyelids)were included(mild group,n=84;moderate group,n=21).Postoperatively,all patients increased MRD1 and decreased TPS in the ptotic eye while maintaining unchanged BFS.The asymmetric delta value for MRD1 was measured to be 1.48±0.86 preoperatively,and it decreased to 0.58±0.67 postoperatively in all cases(P=0.0004).In patients with mild ptosis,the asymmetry value of TPS fell significantly from 1.15±0.62 to 0.68±0.38(P=0.0187).The symmetry of the upper eyelid contour increased in all subgroups of patients,with a POC of 59.39%±13.45%preoperatively and POC of 78.29%±13.80%postoperatively.CONCLUSION:Minimally invasive CFS suspension is proved to be an effective means of improving the symmetry of unilateral ptosis in terms of MRD1(all subgroups),POC(all subgroups)and TPS(only mild group),whereas BFS is unaffected.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate dry eye disease(DED)symptomatology and mental health status in different COVID-19 patients.METHODS:A cross-sectional observational design was used.Totally 123 eligible adults(46.34%of men,age range,18-...AIM:To evaluate dry eye disease(DED)symptomatology and mental health status in different COVID-19 patients.METHODS:A cross-sectional observational design was used.Totally 123 eligible adults(46.34%of men,age range,18-59y)with COVID-19 included in the study from August to November,2022.Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI),Five-item Dry Eye Questionnaire(DEQ-5),Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)were used in this study.RESULTS:OSDI scores were 6.82(1.25,15.91)in asymptomatic carriers,7.35(2.50,18.38)in mild cases,and 16.67(4.43,28.04)in recurrent cases,with 30.00%,35.56%,and 57.89%,respectively evaluated as having DED symptoms(χ2=7.049,P=0.029).DEQ-5 score varied from 2.00(0,6.00)in asymptomatic carriers,3.00(0,8.00)in mild cases,and 8.00(5.00,10.00)in recurrent cases,with 27.50%,33.33%,and 55.26%,respectively assessed as having DED symptoms(χ2=8.532,P=0.014).The prevalence of clinical anxiety(50.00%)and depression(47.37%)symptoms were also significantly higher in patients with recurrent infection(χ2=24.541,P<0.001;χ2=30.871,P<0.001).Recurrent infection was a risk factor for high OSDI scores[odds ratio,2.562;95%confidence interval(CI),1.631-7.979;P=0.033]and DEQ-5 scores(odds ratio,3.353;95%CI,1.038-8.834;P=0.043),whereas having a fixed occupation was a protective factor for OSDI scores(odds ratio,0.088;95%CI,0.022-0.360;P=0.001)and DEQ-5 scores(odds ratio,0.126;95%CI,0.039-0.405;P=0.001).CONCLUSION:Patients with recurrent COVID-19 have more severe symptoms of DED,anxiety,and depression.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate effects of endogenous dopamine induced by low concentration atropine eye drops on choroidal neovascularization(CNV)in high myopia mice.METHODS:The C57BL/6J mice were deprived of the right eye for 4wk,a...AIM:To evaluate effects of endogenous dopamine induced by low concentration atropine eye drops on choroidal neovascularization(CNV)in high myopia mice.METHODS:The C57BL/6J mice were deprived of the right eye for 4wk,and the high myopia was diagnosed by optometry,the diopter was less than-6.00 D,and CNV was induced by 532 nm laser.The changes of dopamine D1 receptor(DRD1),dopamine D2 receptor(DRD2),and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)were detected by Western blot technology at 0.5,1,2h,and 7d after 0.01%,0.05%,and 0.1%atropine eye drops,respectively,the area of CNV was measured.RESULTS:Significant increases were observed on the expression of DRD2 in mouse high myopia model at 0.5,1,2h,7d with 0.05%and 0.1%atropine eye drops(P<0.05).Significant decreases were observed on the expression of DRD1 and VEGFA in mouse high myopia model at 0.5,1,2h,7d with 0.05%and 0.1%atropine eye drops(P<0.05).The area of CNV induced by laser in the drug-treated group was significantly smaller than that in the control group,and the higher the concentration,the more significant the inhibitory effect(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The 0.01%,0.05%,0.1%atropine eye drops can decrease the level of VEGFA and inhibit high myopia CNV indirectly by up-regulating the level of DRD2 and down-regulating the level of DRD1,and the effect of 0.05%and 0.1%atropine eye drops is more significant.展开更多
AIM:To observe the retinal and choroidal circulations in patients with non-arteritic permanent central retinal artery occlusion(NA-CRAO)via optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and analyze their correlation w...AIM:To observe the retinal and choroidal circulations in patients with non-arteritic permanent central retinal artery occlusion(NA-CRAO)via optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and analyze their correlation with visual acuity.METHODS:Sixty-two eyes with clinically confirmed acute NA-CRAO were included in the study and divided into:A type(mild n=29),B type(moderate n=27)and C type(severe n=6)based on the degree of visual loss,retinal edema,and arterial blood flow delay in fundus fluorescence angiography(FFA).Contralateral healthy eyes were used as the control group.Best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),slit lamp microscopy,indirect ophthalmoscopy,fundus color photography,OCTA,and FFA were performed.Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to determine the correlations between retinal and choroidal vessels and visual acuity.RESULTS:There were no statistically significant differences in age,gender,and intraocular pressure among the three types and the control group(P>0.05).Vessel density in deep capillary plexus(VD-DCP)significantly decreased(P<0.05)in all three types of NA-CRAO patients compared to the control group.Vessel density in superficial vascular plexus(VD-SVP)significantly decreased(P<0.05)in type A patients and choriocapillaris flow area significantly decreased(P<0.05)in type B and type C patients compared to the control group;while outer retinal flow areas significantly increased in the type A(P<0.05)and decreased in type C patients(P<0.05).The retinal thickness significantly increased in type C group(P<0.05).The VD-SVP at fovea in the type A was significantly lower than both of type B and C.The VD-SVP at nasal parafovea in type A and B was significantly lower than type C(P<0.05).The logMAR BCVA of type A was significantly better than that of type B and C groups(P<0.05).Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that the logMAR BCVA was positively correlated with VD-SVP at fovea(r=0.679,P=0.031)and nasal parafovea(r=0.826,P=0.013).CONCLUSION:OCTA is valuable for assessing retinal ischemia,and evaluating visual impairment.Deep retinal vasculature is commonly affected in all NA-CRAO types.VDSVPs at fovea and nasal parafovea can serve as reliable markers of visual impairment in NA-CRAO.展开更多
Temporal lobe epilepsy is a multifactorial neurological dysfunction syndrome that is refractory,resistant to antiepileptic drugs,and has a high recurrence rate.The pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy is complex and...Temporal lobe epilepsy is a multifactorial neurological dysfunction syndrome that is refractory,resistant to antiepileptic drugs,and has a high recurrence rate.The pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy is complex and is not fully understood.Intracellular calcium dynamics have been implicated in temporal lobe epilepsy.However,the effect of fluctuating calcium activity in CA1 pyramidal neurons on temporal lobe epilepsy is unknown,and no longitudinal studies have investigated calcium activity in pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 and primary motor cortex M1 of freely moving mice.In this study,we used a multichannel fiber photometry system to continuously record calcium signals in CA1 and M1 during the temporal lobe epilepsy process.We found that calcium signals varied according to the grade of temporal lobe epilepsy episodes.In particular,cortical spreading depression,which has recently been frequently used to represent the continuously and substantially increased calcium signals,was found to correspond to complex and severe behavioral characteristics of temporal lobe epilepsy ranging from gradeⅡto gradeⅤ.However,vigorous calcium oscillations and highly synchronized calcium signals in CA1 and M1 were strongly related to convulsive motor seizures.Chemogenetic inhibition of pyramidal neurons in CA1 significantly attenuated the amplitudes of the calcium signals corresponding to gradeⅠepisodes.In addition,the latency of cortical spreading depression was prolonged,and the above-mentioned abnormal calcium signals in CA1 and M1 were also significantly reduced.Intriguingly,it was possible to rescue the altered intracellular calcium dynamics.Via simultaneous analysis of calcium signals and epileptic behaviors,we found that the progression of temporal lobe epilepsy was alleviated when specific calcium signals were reduced,and that the end-point behaviors of temporal lobe epilepsy were improved.Our results indicate that the calcium dynamic between CA1 and M1 may reflect specific epileptic behaviors corresponding to different grades.Furthermore,the selective regulation of abnormal calcium signals in CA1 pyramidal neurons appears to effectively alleviate temporal lobe epilepsy,thereby providing a potential molecular mechanism for a new temporal lobe epilepsy diagnosis and treatment strategy.展开更多
AIM: To describe the histopathologic and clinical features of eyelid tumor cases from Tianjin Eye Hospital during 2002 to 2015. METHODS: In this retrospective study, a total of 2228 cases of eyelid tumors with patholo...AIM: To describe the histopathologic and clinical features of eyelid tumor cases from Tianjin Eye Hospital during 2002 to 2015. METHODS: In this retrospective study, a total of 2228 cases of eyelid tumors with pathologic diagnoses were enrolled. The eyelid tumors were classified into three groups according to tumor origin: epidermal, adnexal and miscellaneous, including melanocytic, neural and vascular lesions. Inflammatory tumor-like lesions were excluded. The clinical characteristics of the eyelid tumors were analyzed, including age, gender and lesion location. RESULTS: Most eyelid tumors were epidermal in origin(1080, 48.5%), followed by miscellaneous(885, 39.7%) and adnexal tumors(263, 11.8%). Among all the tumors, 292(13.1%) were malignant lesions, 1910(85.7%) benign and 26(1.1%) premalignant lesions. Most malignant tumors originated from epidermal cells(60.0%), followed by adnexal cells(34.6%). The most common malignant tumors were basal cell carcinomas(56.5%) followed by sebaceous carcinoma(34.6%), squamous cell carcinomas(3.8%) and lymphoma/plasmocytoma(1.7%). The benign and premalignant eyelid lesions mostly originated from epidermal cells(46.4%) followed by miscellaneous cell sources(45.2%), including melanocytic nevus(33.8%), seborrheic keratosis(13.7%), squamous cell papilloma(13.0%) and epidermal cysts(11.5%). CONCLUSION: Eyelid tumors are mostly epithelial in origin. Benign tumors are significantly more common than malignant tumors with an obvious female predominance, and the most frequent malignant tumor are basal cell carcinoma, sebaceous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinomas. The tumor clinical features varied among the different subtypes.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the binocular intraocular lens(IOL)power difference in eyes with short,normal,and long axial lengths(AL)using Lenstar LS 900 optical biometry.METHODS:A total of 716(1432 eyes)participants were inclu...AIM:To investigate the binocular intraocular lens(IOL)power difference in eyes with short,normal,and long axial lengths(AL)using Lenstar LS 900 optical biometry.METHODS:A total of 716(1432 eyes)participants were included.The groups were categorized into short(group A:AL<22 mm),normal(group B:22 mm≤AL≤25 mm),and long AL groups(group C:AL>25 mm).The central corneal thickness(CCT),anterior chamber depth(ACD),lens thickness(LT),AL,anterior corneal keratometry,whiteto-white(WTW),pupil diameter(PD),as well as IOL power calculated using embedded Barrett formula were assessed.Bland-Altman plots were used to test the agreement of the binocular parameters.RESULTS:In group A,the CCT of the right eye was significantly thinner than that of the left eye(P=0.044)with a difference of-2±8μm[95%limits of agreement(LoA),-17.8 to 13.2μm].For group B,the PD and IOL power in the right eye were significantly lower than those of the left eye(P=0.001,<0.001)with a difference of-0.05±0.32 mm(95%LoA,-0.68 to 0.58 mm)and-0.18±1.01 D(95%LoA,-2.2 to 1.8 D).The AL of right eye was longer than that of the left eye(P=0.002)with a difference of 0.04±0.25 mm(95%Lo A,-0.45 to 0.52 mm).No significant difference was observed for all the binocular parameters in group C.The percentage of participants with binocular IOL power difference within±0.5 D were 62%(31/50),68.3%(339/496),and 38.8%(66/170)in groups A,B,and C,respectively.CONCLUSION:The binocular parameters related to IOL power are in good agreement,but the binocular IOL power difference of more than half of participants with long AL is more than 0.50 D.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the differences between human lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma with high-grade transformation(LACC-HGT)primar y cells cultured by high-grade transformation tissue and non-high-grade transformati...AIM:To evaluate the differences between human lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma with high-grade transformation(LACC-HGT)primar y cells cultured by high-grade transformation tissue and non-high-grade transformation(non-HGT)primary cells cultured by non-highgrade transformation tissue in proliferation,metastasis,drug susceptibility,and genes.METHODS:LACC-HGT primary cells were established by tissue block culture,and the 4^(th)to 10^(th)generation primary cells were selected as research objects.The cells were preliminarily identified by immunofluorescent staining.The differences between non-HGT and LACC-HGT primary cells in terms of proliferation,metastasis,and drug susceptibility were compared by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,wound healing,and drug sensitivity experiments.Differentially expressed genes were screened using mRNA array.Gene expression was analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).RESULTS:LACC-HGT primary cells were successfully cultured by tissue block culture.Immunofluorescence staining results showed that cytokeratin(CK)and CK7 expression levels were positive in LACC-HGT primary cells.CCK-8 results showed that the proliferation ability of LACCHGT cells was significantly higher than that of non-HGT cells.Wound healing experiment showed that the migration ability of LACC-HGT cells was significantly higher than that of non-HGT cells.LACC-HGT cells were also less sensitive to cisplatin and paclitaxel than non-HGT cells.Compared with non-HGT cells,9566 differentially expressed genes were found in LACC-HGT primary cells,of which 5162 were upregulated and 4404 were down-regulated.The expression of N-acetylneuraminate pyruvate lyase(NPL),MARVEL domain containing 3(MARVELD3),syntabulin(SYBU),and allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1)was higher in LACCHGT cells than in non-HGT cells,whereas that of periostin(POSTN)was lower.CONCLUSION:LACC-HGT primary cells have faster proliferation,stronger migration ability,and poorer sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs than non-HGT primary cells.The expression of mRNAs in non-HGT and LACC-HGT primary cells are significantly different.These features are speculated to be the reasons why high-grade transformation tissues exhibit higher malignant degree and poorer prognosis than their counterparts.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effect of Cionni-modified capsular tension ring(CTR)implantation in patients with severely traumatic subluxated cataracts.METHODS:All patients who totally had traumatic cataracts and lost zonule...AIM:To investigate the effect of Cionni-modified capsular tension ring(CTR)implantation in patients with severely traumatic subluxated cataracts.METHODS:All patients who totally had traumatic cataracts and lost zonule support and underwent cataract surgery were retrospectively analyzed.Corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA),extent of zonulysis,intraocular lens(IOL)position,intraoperative presentation,and complications were assessed.The primary outcomes included IOL centration stability and other postoperative complications.RESULTS:Twenty patients(20 eyes)were included in this study.The mean age in this study was 58.0±11.3y,and the average follow-up time was 17.3±12.8mo.Capsule bags were saved by Cionni-modified CTR.Nine eyes(45%)underwent simultaneously anterior vitrectomy due to the presence of vitreous in the anterior chamber.The preoperative mean CDVA was 0.83±0.24 log MAR,and the postoperative average CDVA was 0.23±0.30 log MAR(P<0.05).The horizontal and vertical IOL decentration after surgery was 0.27±0.12 mm and 0.41±0.19 mm,respectively;the vertical and horizontal IOL tilt after surgery was 5.5°±2.5°and 6.1°±2.2°,respectively.None of the eyes had obvious IOL decentration during the follow-up time.Eight eyes(40%)had posterior capsule opacification(PCO)that was severe enough to cause poor vision.Neodymium:YAG laser capsulotomy were performed on these eyes when the CTR was stabilized.CONCLUSION:With the help of Cionni-modified CTR,capsular bag preservation and better IOL concentration can be achieved without major complications in patients with severely traumatic subluxated cataracts.展开更多
AIM:To describe the clinical characteristics of eyes using multimodal imaging features with acute macular neuroretinopathy(AMN)lesions following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection.MET...AIM:To describe the clinical characteristics of eyes using multimodal imaging features with acute macular neuroretinopathy(AMN)lesions following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection.METHODS:Retrospective case series study.From December 18,2022 to February 14,2023,previously healthy cases within 1-week infection with SARS-CoV-2 and examined at Tianjin Eye Hospital to confirm the diagnosis of AMN were included in the study.Totally 5 males and 9 females[mean age:29.93±10.32(16-49)y]were presented for reduced vision,with or without blurred vision.All patients underwent best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure,slit lamp microscopy,indirect fundoscopy.Simultaneously,multimodal imagings fundus photography(45°or 200°field of view)was performed in 7 cases(14 eyes).Near infrared(NIR)fundus photography was performed in 9 cases(18 eyes),optical coherence tomography(OCT)in 5 cases(10 eyes),optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)in 9 cases(18 eyes),and fundus fluorescence angiography(FFA)in 3 cases(6 eyes).Visual field was performed in 1 case(2 eyes).RESULTS:Multimodal imaging findings data from 14 patients with AMN were reviewed.All eyes demonstrated different extent hyperreflective lesions at the level of the inner nuclear layer and/or outer plexus layer on OCT or OCTA.Fundus photography(45°or 200°field of view)showed irregular hypo-reflective lesion around the fovea in 7 cases(14 eyes).OCTA demonstrated that the superficial retinal capillary plexus(SCP)vascular density,deep capillary plexus(DCP)vascular density and choriocapillaris(CC)vascular density was reduced in 9 case(18 eyes).Among the follow-up cases(2 cases),vascular density increased in 1 case with elevated BCVA;another case has vascular density decrease in one eye and basically unchanged in other eye.En face images of the ellipsoidal zone and interdigitation zone injury showed a low wedge-shaped reflection contour appearance.NIR image mainly show the absence of the outer retinal interdigitation zone in AMN.No abnormal fluorescence was observed in FFA.Corresponding partial defect of the visual field were visualized via perimeter in one case.CONCLUSION:The morbidity of SARS-CoV-2 infection with AMN is increased.Ophthalmologists should be aware of the possible,albeit rare,AMN after SARS-CoV-2 infection and focus on multimodal imaging features.OCT,OCTA,and infrared fundus phase are proved to be valuable tools for detection of AMN in patients with SARS-CoV-2.展开更多
AIM:To identify metabolites,proteins,and related pathways involved in the etiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)for use as biomarkers in diagnosing and treating RRD.METHODS:Vitreous specimens were collecte...AIM:To identify metabolites,proteins,and related pathways involved in the etiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)for use as biomarkers in diagnosing and treating RRD.METHODS:Vitreous specimens were collected and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis was per formed using the four-dimensional label-free technique.Statistically significant differentially expressed proteins,gene ontology(GO)terms,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway representations,and protein interactions were analyzed.RESULTS:Nine specimens were subjected to proteomic analysis.In total,161 proteins were identified as differentially expressed proteins(DEPs),including 53 upregulated proteins and 108 downregulated proteins.GO functional analysis revealed that some DEPs were enriched in neuron-related terms and membrane protein terms.Moreover,KEGG analysis indicated that the cell adhesion molecule metabolic pathway was associated with the greatest number of DEPs.Finally,the evaluation of protein-protein interaction network revealed that DEPs were clustered in neuronal adhesion,apoptosis,inflammation and immune responses,correct protein folding,and glycolysis.CONCLUSION:Proteomic profiling is useful for the exploration of molecular mechanisms that underlie RRD.This study reveals increased expression levels of proteins related to heat shock protein content,glycolysis,and inflammatory responses in RRD.Knowledge regarding biomarkers of RRD pathogenesis may help to prevent the occurrence of RRD in the future.展开更多
AIM:To determine the in vitro protective effect of recombinant prominin-1(Prominin-1)+microRNA-29b(P1M29)on N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)-induced excitotoxicity in retinal ganglion cells(RGCs).METHODS:RGC-5 cells were cu...AIM:To determine the in vitro protective effect of recombinant prominin-1(Prominin-1)+microRNA-29b(P1M29)on N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)-induced excitotoxicity in retinal ganglion cells(RGCs).METHODS:RGC-5 cells were cultured,and NMDAinduced excitotoxicity at the range of 100–800μmol/L was assessed using the MTT assay.NMDA(800μmol/L)was selected as the appropriate concentration for preparing the cell model.To evaluate the protective effect of P1M29 on the cell model,Prominin-1 was added at the concentration of 1–6 ng/mL for 48h,and the cell survival was investigated with/without microRNA-29b.After obtaining the appropriate concentration and time of P1M29 at 48h,real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)was utilized to detect the relative mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and transforming growth factor(TGF)-β2.Western blot detection was applied to measure the phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B(AKT)and extracellular regulated protein kinases(ERK)in RGC-5 cells after treatment with Prominin-1.Apoptosis study of the cell model was conducted by flow cytometry for estimating the anti-apoptotic effect of P1M29.Immunofluorescence analysis was used to analyze the expression levels of VEGF and TGF-β2.RESULTS:MTT cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that P1M29 group had significantly higher cell survival rate than Prominin-1 group(P<0.05).Real-time PCR data indicated that the expression levels of VEGF were significantly increased in both Prominin-1 and P1M29 groups compared NMDA and microRNA-29b group(P<0.05),while TGF-β2 were significantly decreased in both microRNA-29b and P1M29 groups compared NMDA and Prominin-1 group(P<0.05).Western blot results showed that both Prominin-1 and P1M29 groups significantly increased the phosphorylation levels of AKT and ERK compared to NMDA and microRNA-29b groups(P<0.05).Flow cytometry analysis revealed that P1M29 could prevent RGC-5 cell apoptosis in the early stage of apoptosis,while immunofluorescence results showed that P1M29 group had higher expression of VEGF and lower expression of TGF-β2 with a stronger green fluorescence than NMDA group.CONCLUSION:Prominin-1 combined with microRNA-29b can provide a suitable therapeutic option for ameliorating NMDA-induced excitotoxicity in RGC-5 cells.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the association of ganglion cell complex thickness(GCCt),global loss volume percentage(GLV%),and focal loss volume percentage(FLV%)with structural and functional findings among patients with chronic...AIM:To investigate the association of ganglion cell complex thickness(GCCt),global loss volume percentage(GLV%),and focal loss volume percentage(FLV%)with structural and functional findings among patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy(CCSC)and recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy(RCSC)by optical coherence tomography(OCT).METHODS:Among 29 patients with monocular affected central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC),15 had CCSC,and 14 had RCSC.The GCCt,FLV%,GLV%,and subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)and sublesional choroidal thickness(SLCT)values were determined using OCT,and the association of these characteristics with neural structure parameters,choroidal morphology,features and functional alterations were estimated for the CCSC and RCSC patients.RESULTS:In CCSC,the affected eyes had significantly lower GCCt values than the fellow eyes in the macular regions(all P<0.05),with the highest GCCt observed in the inferior area.A significant association was found between the GCCt in different regions and the change in best corrected visual acuity(BCVA;r=-0.696;-0.695;-0.694,P<0.05)in CCSC patients.A statistically significant moderate negative correlation indicated that long-term CCSC was associated with greater differences in the GCCt in different regions between affected and fellow eyes(r=-0.562;r=-0.556;r=0.525,P<0.05).Additionally,observation of thickened SFCT was associated with a worse FLV%(r=0.599;r=0.546,P<0.05)in both groups.Similarly,thickened SLCT was associated with FLV%in RCSC patients(r=0.544,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The distribution and GCCt are associated with the duration and visual outcomes of CCSC,whereas there is no correlation among RCSC patients.FLV%may be instrumental in differentiating the various outer choroidal vessels(pachyvessels)in long-term CSC.These results suggest that neural structure parameters may aid in estimating and predicting the recovery of altered morphology and function in CCSC and RCSC patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(NAION)is an independent disease characterized by edematous optic discs.In eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO),the arteries and veins in the ethmoid...BACKGROUND Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(NAION)is an independent disease characterized by edematous optic discs.In eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO),the arteries and veins in the ethmoid plate of the optic disc are relatively crowded;however,a combination of the two is clinically uncommon.Herein,we reported a patient with NAION and concealed BRVO,for which the treatment and prognosis were not similar to those for NAION alone.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report a case of NAION with concealed BRVO that did not improve with oral medication.A week later,we switched to intravenous drug administration to improve circulation,and the patient’s visual acuity and visual field recovered.Hormonal therapy was not administered throughout the study.This case suggested that:(1)Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)can help detect hidden BRVO along with the NAION diagnosis;(2)intravenous infusion of drugs to improve circulation has positive effects in treating such patients;and(3)NAION with concealed BRVO may not require systemic hormonal therapy,in contrast with the known treatment for simple NAION.CONCLUSION NAION may be associated with hidden BRVO,which can only be observed on FFA;intravenous therapy has proven effectiveness.展开更多
·AIM:To evaluate the risk factors associated with retinal neovascularization of diabetic retinopathy in northern Chinese Han patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).·METHODS:The clinical characteristic...·AIM:To evaluate the risk factors associated with retinal neovascularization of diabetic retinopathy in northern Chinese Han patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).·METHODS:The clinical characteristics of 200 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and 100 age-matched healthy individuals were compared.The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed in the patients with PDR.·RESULTS:Fasting blood glucose (FBG),triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),uric acid (UA),white blood cell count (WBC),absolute neutrophil count,hematocrit (HCT) and mean platelet volume (MPV) and mean platelet volume (MPV) were all significantly higher in patients with PDR than in the control group (P【0.05).The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors independently associated with retinal neovascularization of DR were duration of diabetes mellitus (OR=1.112;P =0.000),BUN (OR=1.277;P =0.000),smoking (OR=3.967;P=0.000) and MPV(OR=2.472;P =0.000).On the other hand,panretinal photocoagulation was associated with reduced risk of retinal neovascularization (OR=0.983;P =0.000).·CONCLUSION:Preventing and controlling T2DM in terms of risk factors,including duration of diabetes,BUN,smoking and MPV,might offer novel approaches to prevent or delay the onset of retinal neovascularization in patients with PDR.·展开更多
AIM:To investigate whether umbilical cord human mesenchymal stem cell(UC-MSC)was able to differentiate into neural stem cell and neuron in vitro.·METHODS:The umbilical cords were obtained from pregnant women with...AIM:To investigate whether umbilical cord human mesenchymal stem cell(UC-MSC)was able to differentiate into neural stem cell and neuron in vitro.·METHODS:The umbilical cords were obtained from pregnant women with their written consent and the approval of the Clinic Ethnics Committee.UC-MSC were isolated by adherent culture in the medium contains 20%fetal bovine serum(FBS),then they were maintained in the medium contain 10%FBS and induced to neural cells in neural differentiation medium.We investigated whether UC-MSC was able to differentiate into neural stem cell and neuron in vitro by using flow cytometry,reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and immunofluorescence(IF)analyzes.·RESULTS:A substantial number of UC-MSC was harvested using the tissue explants adherent method at about 2wk.Flow cytometric study revealed that these cells expressed common markers of MSCs,such as CD105(SH2),CD73(SH3)and CD90.After induction of differentiation of neural stem cells,the cells began to form clusters;RT-PCR and IF showed that the neuron specific enolase(NSE)and neurogenic differentiation 1-positive cells reached 87.3%±14.7%and 72.6%±11.8%,respectively.Cells showed neuronal cell differentiation after induced,including neuron-like protrusions,plump cell body,obviously and stronger refraction.RT-PCR and IF analysis showed that microtubule-associated protein 2(MAP2)and nuclear factor-M-positive cells reached 43.1%±10.3%and 69.4%±19.5%,respectively.·CONCLUSION:Human umbilical cord derived MSCscan be cultured and proliferated in vitro and differentiate into neural stem cells,which may be a valuable source for cell therapy of neurodegenerative eye diseases.展开更多
AIM: To observe the effects of intravitreal injections of different concentrations of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells on retinopathy in rats with diabetes mellitus.METHODS: Healthy and adult male Sprague-Dawley...AIM: To observe the effects of intravitreal injections of different concentrations of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells on retinopathy in rats with diabetes mellitus.METHODS: Healthy and adult male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly assigned to a normal control group(group A), a diabetic retinopathy(DR) blank control group(group B), a high-concentration transplantation group(group C), a low-concentration transplantation group(group D) and a placebo transplantation group(group E). The expression of nerve growth factor(NGF)protein in the retinal layers was detected by immunohistochemical staining at 2, 4, 6 and 8wk.RESULTS: The expression of NGF was positive in group A and most positive in the retinal ganglion cell layer. In groups B and E, the expression of NGF was positive 2wk after transplantation and showed an increase in all layers. However, the level of expression had decreased in all layers at 4wk and was significantly reduced at 8wk. In groups C and D, the expression of NGF had increased at 2wk and continued to increase up to 8wk. The level of expression in group C was much higher than that in group D.CONCLUSION: DR can be improved by intravitreal injection of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells.High concentrations of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells confer a better protective effect on DR than low concentrations.展开更多
AIM: To observe the effect of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells(h UCMSCs) on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A(VEGF-A) in blue light injured human retinal pig...AIM: To observe the effect of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells(h UCMSCs) on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A(VEGF-A) in blue light injured human retinal pigment epithelial(RPE) cells and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization(CNV) in rats.METHODS: Exosomes were isolated from h UCMSCs and characterized by transmission electron microscope and Western blot. MSCs-derived exosomes were cultured with RPE cells exposed to blue light. The m RNA and protein expression of VEGF-A were determined by real time-polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and Western blot, respectively. Immunofluorescence assay was used for the detection of the expression level of VEGF-A. We injected different doses of MSCs-derived exosomes intravitreally to observe and compare their effects in a mouse model of laserinduced retinal injury. The histological structure of CNV in rats was inspected by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and fundus fluorescein angiography. The expression of VEGF-A was detected by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Exosomes exhibited the typical characteristic morphology(cup-shaped) and size(diameter between 50 and 150 nm). The exosomes marker, CD63, and h UCMSCs marker, CD90, showed a robust presence. In vitro, MSCsderived exosomes downregulated the m RNA(Exo-L: t=6.485, 7.959, 9.286; Exo-M: t=7.517, 10.170, 13.413; Exo-H: t=10.317, 12.234, 14.592, P<0.05) and protein(Exo-L: t=2.945, 4.477, 6.657; Exo-M: t=4.713, 6.421, 8.836; Exo-H:t=6.539, 12.194, 12.783; P<0.05) expression of VEGF-A in RPE cells after blue light stimulation. In vivo, we found that the MSCs-derived exosomes reduced damage, distinctly downregulated VEGF-A(Exo-H: t=0.957, 1.382; P<0.05), and gradually improved the histological structures of CNV for a better visual function(Exo-L: 0.346, Exo-M: 3.382, Exo-H: 8.571; P<0.05). CONCLUSION: MSCs-derived exosomes ameliorate blue light stimulation in RPE cells and laser-induced retinal injury via downregulation of VEGF-A.展开更多
· AIM: To investigate the visual function and the relationship with vision-related quality of life(VRQOL)after macular hole repair surgery.· METHODS: Prospective case series. Thirty-six consecutive eyes in 3...· AIM: To investigate the visual function and the relationship with vision-related quality of life(VRQOL)after macular hole repair surgery.· METHODS: Prospective case series. Thirty-six consecutive eyes in 36 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy(PPV) and internal limiting membrane(ILM) peeling were included. The 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire(VFQ-25) was answered by the participants before and 3 and 12 mo after operation. Follow-up visits examinations included best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), clinical examination,and central macular thickness(CMT) measured by optical coherence tomography(OCT).·RESULTS: Macular-hole closure was achieved in 35 of36 eyes(97.2%). At baseline and months 3 and 12, the log MAR BCVAs(mean±SD) were 1.15±0.47, 0.68±0.53(P <0.0001 versus baseline), and 0.55 ±0.49(P <0.001 versus baseline, P =0.273 versus month 3), respectively; the CMTs(μm) were 330 ±81, 244 ±62(P <0.001 versus baseline), and 225±58(P <0.001 versus baseline, P =0.222 versus month 3), respectively; the median preoperative VFQ-25 composite score of 73.50(63.92-81.13) increased postoperatively to 85.50(80.04-89.63) at 3mo(P <0.001)and 86.73(82.50-89.63) at 12mo(P <0.001) respectively.The improved BCVA was correlated with improvements in five subscales(r =-0.605 to-0.336, P <0.001 to P =0.046) at 12 mo.· CONCLUSION: PPV with ILM peeling improved anatomic outcome, visual function, and VRQOL. Theimproved BCVA was an important factor related to the improved VRQOL.展开更多
基金Supported by Tianjin Key Medical Discipline Construction Project(No.TJYXZDXK-016A).
文摘AIM:To investigate the symmetry of upper eyelid in patients with unilateral mild and moderate blepharoptosis who underwent unilateral minimally invasive combined fascia sheath(CFS)suspension.METHODS:A retrospective study of patients who underwent unilateral minimally invasive CFS suspension surgery between January 2018 and December 2021.Inclusion criteria included unilateral mild and moderate ptosis,good levator muscle function(>9 mm)and follow-up of at least 6mo.Pre-and post-operative symmetry was graded subjectively for marginal reflex distance 1(MRD1),tarsal platform show(TPS)and eyebrow fat span(BFS).A t-test was used to evaluate MRD1,TPS and BFS asymmetry by calculating delta values.The Bézier curve tool of the Image J software was used to extract the upper eyelid contours,where the symmetry was measured by the percentage of overlapping curvatures(POC).RESULTS:Totally 105 patients(105 eyelids)were included(mild group,n=84;moderate group,n=21).Postoperatively,all patients increased MRD1 and decreased TPS in the ptotic eye while maintaining unchanged BFS.The asymmetric delta value for MRD1 was measured to be 1.48±0.86 preoperatively,and it decreased to 0.58±0.67 postoperatively in all cases(P=0.0004).In patients with mild ptosis,the asymmetry value of TPS fell significantly from 1.15±0.62 to 0.68±0.38(P=0.0187).The symmetry of the upper eyelid contour increased in all subgroups of patients,with a POC of 59.39%±13.45%preoperatively and POC of 78.29%±13.80%postoperatively.CONCLUSION:Minimally invasive CFS suspension is proved to be an effective means of improving the symmetry of unilateral ptosis in terms of MRD1(all subgroups),POC(all subgroups)and TPS(only mild group),whereas BFS is unaffected.
文摘AIM:To evaluate dry eye disease(DED)symptomatology and mental health status in different COVID-19 patients.METHODS:A cross-sectional observational design was used.Totally 123 eligible adults(46.34%of men,age range,18-59y)with COVID-19 included in the study from August to November,2022.Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI),Five-item Dry Eye Questionnaire(DEQ-5),Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)were used in this study.RESULTS:OSDI scores were 6.82(1.25,15.91)in asymptomatic carriers,7.35(2.50,18.38)in mild cases,and 16.67(4.43,28.04)in recurrent cases,with 30.00%,35.56%,and 57.89%,respectively evaluated as having DED symptoms(χ2=7.049,P=0.029).DEQ-5 score varied from 2.00(0,6.00)in asymptomatic carriers,3.00(0,8.00)in mild cases,and 8.00(5.00,10.00)in recurrent cases,with 27.50%,33.33%,and 55.26%,respectively assessed as having DED symptoms(χ2=8.532,P=0.014).The prevalence of clinical anxiety(50.00%)and depression(47.37%)symptoms were also significantly higher in patients with recurrent infection(χ2=24.541,P<0.001;χ2=30.871,P<0.001).Recurrent infection was a risk factor for high OSDI scores[odds ratio,2.562;95%confidence interval(CI),1.631-7.979;P=0.033]and DEQ-5 scores(odds ratio,3.353;95%CI,1.038-8.834;P=0.043),whereas having a fixed occupation was a protective factor for OSDI scores(odds ratio,0.088;95%CI,0.022-0.360;P=0.001)and DEQ-5 scores(odds ratio,0.126;95%CI,0.039-0.405;P=0.001).CONCLUSION:Patients with recurrent COVID-19 have more severe symptoms of DED,anxiety,and depression.
文摘AIM:To evaluate effects of endogenous dopamine induced by low concentration atropine eye drops on choroidal neovascularization(CNV)in high myopia mice.METHODS:The C57BL/6J mice were deprived of the right eye for 4wk,and the high myopia was diagnosed by optometry,the diopter was less than-6.00 D,and CNV was induced by 532 nm laser.The changes of dopamine D1 receptor(DRD1),dopamine D2 receptor(DRD2),and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)were detected by Western blot technology at 0.5,1,2h,and 7d after 0.01%,0.05%,and 0.1%atropine eye drops,respectively,the area of CNV was measured.RESULTS:Significant increases were observed on the expression of DRD2 in mouse high myopia model at 0.5,1,2h,7d with 0.05%and 0.1%atropine eye drops(P<0.05).Significant decreases were observed on the expression of DRD1 and VEGFA in mouse high myopia model at 0.5,1,2h,7d with 0.05%and 0.1%atropine eye drops(P<0.05).The area of CNV induced by laser in the drug-treated group was significantly smaller than that in the control group,and the higher the concentration,the more significant the inhibitory effect(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The 0.01%,0.05%,0.1%atropine eye drops can decrease the level of VEGFA and inhibit high myopia CNV indirectly by up-regulating the level of DRD2 and down-regulating the level of DRD1,and the effect of 0.05%and 0.1%atropine eye drops is more significant.
基金Supported by Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(No.TJYXZDXK-016A).
文摘AIM:To observe the retinal and choroidal circulations in patients with non-arteritic permanent central retinal artery occlusion(NA-CRAO)via optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and analyze their correlation with visual acuity.METHODS:Sixty-two eyes with clinically confirmed acute NA-CRAO were included in the study and divided into:A type(mild n=29),B type(moderate n=27)and C type(severe n=6)based on the degree of visual loss,retinal edema,and arterial blood flow delay in fundus fluorescence angiography(FFA).Contralateral healthy eyes were used as the control group.Best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),slit lamp microscopy,indirect ophthalmoscopy,fundus color photography,OCTA,and FFA were performed.Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to determine the correlations between retinal and choroidal vessels and visual acuity.RESULTS:There were no statistically significant differences in age,gender,and intraocular pressure among the three types and the control group(P>0.05).Vessel density in deep capillary plexus(VD-DCP)significantly decreased(P<0.05)in all three types of NA-CRAO patients compared to the control group.Vessel density in superficial vascular plexus(VD-SVP)significantly decreased(P<0.05)in type A patients and choriocapillaris flow area significantly decreased(P<0.05)in type B and type C patients compared to the control group;while outer retinal flow areas significantly increased in the type A(P<0.05)and decreased in type C patients(P<0.05).The retinal thickness significantly increased in type C group(P<0.05).The VD-SVP at fovea in the type A was significantly lower than both of type B and C.The VD-SVP at nasal parafovea in type A and B was significantly lower than type C(P<0.05).The logMAR BCVA of type A was significantly better than that of type B and C groups(P<0.05).Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that the logMAR BCVA was positively correlated with VD-SVP at fovea(r=0.679,P=0.031)and nasal parafovea(r=0.826,P=0.013).CONCLUSION:OCTA is valuable for assessing retinal ischemia,and evaluating visual impairment.Deep retinal vasculature is commonly affected in all NA-CRAO types.VDSVPs at fovea and nasal parafovea can serve as reliable markers of visual impairment in NA-CRAO.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.62027812(to HS),81771470(to HS),and 82101608(to YL)Tianjin Postgraduate Research and Innovation Project,No.2020YJSS122(to XD)。
文摘Temporal lobe epilepsy is a multifactorial neurological dysfunction syndrome that is refractory,resistant to antiepileptic drugs,and has a high recurrence rate.The pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy is complex and is not fully understood.Intracellular calcium dynamics have been implicated in temporal lobe epilepsy.However,the effect of fluctuating calcium activity in CA1 pyramidal neurons on temporal lobe epilepsy is unknown,and no longitudinal studies have investigated calcium activity in pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 and primary motor cortex M1 of freely moving mice.In this study,we used a multichannel fiber photometry system to continuously record calcium signals in CA1 and M1 during the temporal lobe epilepsy process.We found that calcium signals varied according to the grade of temporal lobe epilepsy episodes.In particular,cortical spreading depression,which has recently been frequently used to represent the continuously and substantially increased calcium signals,was found to correspond to complex and severe behavioral characteristics of temporal lobe epilepsy ranging from gradeⅡto gradeⅤ.However,vigorous calcium oscillations and highly synchronized calcium signals in CA1 and M1 were strongly related to convulsive motor seizures.Chemogenetic inhibition of pyramidal neurons in CA1 significantly attenuated the amplitudes of the calcium signals corresponding to gradeⅠepisodes.In addition,the latency of cortical spreading depression was prolonged,and the above-mentioned abnormal calcium signals in CA1 and M1 were also significantly reduced.Intriguingly,it was possible to rescue the altered intracellular calcium dynamics.Via simultaneous analysis of calcium signals and epileptic behaviors,we found that the progression of temporal lobe epilepsy was alleviated when specific calcium signals were reduced,and that the end-point behaviors of temporal lobe epilepsy were improved.Our results indicate that the calcium dynamic between CA1 and M1 may reflect specific epileptic behaviors corresponding to different grades.Furthermore,the selective regulation of abnormal calcium signals in CA1 pyramidal neurons appears to effectively alleviate temporal lobe epilepsy,thereby providing a potential molecular mechanism for a new temporal lobe epilepsy diagnosis and treatment strategy.
文摘AIM: To describe the histopathologic and clinical features of eyelid tumor cases from Tianjin Eye Hospital during 2002 to 2015. METHODS: In this retrospective study, a total of 2228 cases of eyelid tumors with pathologic diagnoses were enrolled. The eyelid tumors were classified into three groups according to tumor origin: epidermal, adnexal and miscellaneous, including melanocytic, neural and vascular lesions. Inflammatory tumor-like lesions were excluded. The clinical characteristics of the eyelid tumors were analyzed, including age, gender and lesion location. RESULTS: Most eyelid tumors were epidermal in origin(1080, 48.5%), followed by miscellaneous(885, 39.7%) and adnexal tumors(263, 11.8%). Among all the tumors, 292(13.1%) were malignant lesions, 1910(85.7%) benign and 26(1.1%) premalignant lesions. Most malignant tumors originated from epidermal cells(60.0%), followed by adnexal cells(34.6%). The most common malignant tumors were basal cell carcinomas(56.5%) followed by sebaceous carcinoma(34.6%), squamous cell carcinomas(3.8%) and lymphoma/plasmocytoma(1.7%). The benign and premalignant eyelid lesions mostly originated from epidermal cells(46.4%) followed by miscellaneous cell sources(45.2%), including melanocytic nevus(33.8%), seborrheic keratosis(13.7%), squamous cell papilloma(13.0%) and epidermal cysts(11.5%). CONCLUSION: Eyelid tumors are mostly epithelial in origin. Benign tumors are significantly more common than malignant tumors with an obvious female predominance, and the most frequent malignant tumor are basal cell carcinoma, sebaceous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinomas. The tumor clinical features varied among the different subtypes.
基金Supported by the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 60438030, the Key Research Foundation of Scientific and Technical Committee of Tianjin City of China under Grant No 033183711, and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Programme of Higher Education of China under Grant No 20050055002.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81971697No.81501544)+1 种基金Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(No.2021-174)the Research Funding of Shanxi Eye Hospital(No.B201804)。
文摘AIM:To investigate the binocular intraocular lens(IOL)power difference in eyes with short,normal,and long axial lengths(AL)using Lenstar LS 900 optical biometry.METHODS:A total of 716(1432 eyes)participants were included.The groups were categorized into short(group A:AL<22 mm),normal(group B:22 mm≤AL≤25 mm),and long AL groups(group C:AL>25 mm).The central corneal thickness(CCT),anterior chamber depth(ACD),lens thickness(LT),AL,anterior corneal keratometry,whiteto-white(WTW),pupil diameter(PD),as well as IOL power calculated using embedded Barrett formula were assessed.Bland-Altman plots were used to test the agreement of the binocular parameters.RESULTS:In group A,the CCT of the right eye was significantly thinner than that of the left eye(P=0.044)with a difference of-2±8μm[95%limits of agreement(LoA),-17.8 to 13.2μm].For group B,the PD and IOL power in the right eye were significantly lower than those of the left eye(P=0.001,<0.001)with a difference of-0.05±0.32 mm(95%LoA,-0.68 to 0.58 mm)and-0.18±1.01 D(95%LoA,-2.2 to 1.8 D).The AL of right eye was longer than that of the left eye(P=0.002)with a difference of 0.04±0.25 mm(95%Lo A,-0.45 to 0.52 mm).No significant difference was observed for all the binocular parameters in group C.The percentage of participants with binocular IOL power difference within±0.5 D were 62%(31/50),68.3%(339/496),and 38.8%(66/170)in groups A,B,and C,respectively.CONCLUSION:The binocular parameters related to IOL power are in good agreement,but the binocular IOL power difference of more than half of participants with long AL is more than 0.50 D.
基金Supported by the Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(No.TJYXZDXK-037A)Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital。
文摘AIM:To evaluate the differences between human lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma with high-grade transformation(LACC-HGT)primar y cells cultured by high-grade transformation tissue and non-high-grade transformation(non-HGT)primary cells cultured by non-highgrade transformation tissue in proliferation,metastasis,drug susceptibility,and genes.METHODS:LACC-HGT primary cells were established by tissue block culture,and the 4^(th)to 10^(th)generation primary cells were selected as research objects.The cells were preliminarily identified by immunofluorescent staining.The differences between non-HGT and LACC-HGT primary cells in terms of proliferation,metastasis,and drug susceptibility were compared by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,wound healing,and drug sensitivity experiments.Differentially expressed genes were screened using mRNA array.Gene expression was analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).RESULTS:LACC-HGT primary cells were successfully cultured by tissue block culture.Immunofluorescence staining results showed that cytokeratin(CK)and CK7 expression levels were positive in LACC-HGT primary cells.CCK-8 results showed that the proliferation ability of LACCHGT cells was significantly higher than that of non-HGT cells.Wound healing experiment showed that the migration ability of LACC-HGT cells was significantly higher than that of non-HGT cells.LACC-HGT cells were also less sensitive to cisplatin and paclitaxel than non-HGT cells.Compared with non-HGT cells,9566 differentially expressed genes were found in LACC-HGT primary cells,of which 5162 were upregulated and 4404 were down-regulated.The expression of N-acetylneuraminate pyruvate lyase(NPL),MARVEL domain containing 3(MARVELD3),syntabulin(SYBU),and allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1)was higher in LACCHGT cells than in non-HGT cells,whereas that of periostin(POSTN)was lower.CONCLUSION:LACC-HGT primary cells have faster proliferation,stronger migration ability,and poorer sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs than non-HGT primary cells.The expression of mRNAs in non-HGT and LACC-HGT primary cells are significantly different.These features are speculated to be the reasons why high-grade transformation tissues exhibit higher malignant degree and poorer prognosis than their counterparts.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82070968)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M712386)+4 种基金Tianjin Health Research Project(No.TJWJ2022MS040,No.ZC20166)Nankai University Eye Institute(No.NKYKK202203,No.NKYKK202206)Tianjin Eye Hospital Research Project(No.YKYB1902)Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.20JCQNJC01860)Tianjin Key Medical Discipine(Specialty)Construction Project(No.TJYXZDXK-016A)。
文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of Cionni-modified capsular tension ring(CTR)implantation in patients with severely traumatic subluxated cataracts.METHODS:All patients who totally had traumatic cataracts and lost zonule support and underwent cataract surgery were retrospectively analyzed.Corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA),extent of zonulysis,intraocular lens(IOL)position,intraoperative presentation,and complications were assessed.The primary outcomes included IOL centration stability and other postoperative complications.RESULTS:Twenty patients(20 eyes)were included in this study.The mean age in this study was 58.0±11.3y,and the average follow-up time was 17.3±12.8mo.Capsule bags were saved by Cionni-modified CTR.Nine eyes(45%)underwent simultaneously anterior vitrectomy due to the presence of vitreous in the anterior chamber.The preoperative mean CDVA was 0.83±0.24 log MAR,and the postoperative average CDVA was 0.23±0.30 log MAR(P<0.05).The horizontal and vertical IOL decentration after surgery was 0.27±0.12 mm and 0.41±0.19 mm,respectively;the vertical and horizontal IOL tilt after surgery was 5.5°±2.5°and 6.1°±2.2°,respectively.None of the eyes had obvious IOL decentration during the follow-up time.Eight eyes(40%)had posterior capsule opacification(PCO)that was severe enough to cause poor vision.Neodymium:YAG laser capsulotomy were performed on these eyes when the CTR was stabilized.CONCLUSION:With the help of Cionni-modified CTR,capsular bag preservation and better IOL concentration can be achieved without major complications in patients with severely traumatic subluxated cataracts.
文摘AIM:To describe the clinical characteristics of eyes using multimodal imaging features with acute macular neuroretinopathy(AMN)lesions following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection.METHODS:Retrospective case series study.From December 18,2022 to February 14,2023,previously healthy cases within 1-week infection with SARS-CoV-2 and examined at Tianjin Eye Hospital to confirm the diagnosis of AMN were included in the study.Totally 5 males and 9 females[mean age:29.93±10.32(16-49)y]were presented for reduced vision,with or without blurred vision.All patients underwent best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure,slit lamp microscopy,indirect fundoscopy.Simultaneously,multimodal imagings fundus photography(45°or 200°field of view)was performed in 7 cases(14 eyes).Near infrared(NIR)fundus photography was performed in 9 cases(18 eyes),optical coherence tomography(OCT)in 5 cases(10 eyes),optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)in 9 cases(18 eyes),and fundus fluorescence angiography(FFA)in 3 cases(6 eyes).Visual field was performed in 1 case(2 eyes).RESULTS:Multimodal imaging findings data from 14 patients with AMN were reviewed.All eyes demonstrated different extent hyperreflective lesions at the level of the inner nuclear layer and/or outer plexus layer on OCT or OCTA.Fundus photography(45°or 200°field of view)showed irregular hypo-reflective lesion around the fovea in 7 cases(14 eyes).OCTA demonstrated that the superficial retinal capillary plexus(SCP)vascular density,deep capillary plexus(DCP)vascular density and choriocapillaris(CC)vascular density was reduced in 9 case(18 eyes).Among the follow-up cases(2 cases),vascular density increased in 1 case with elevated BCVA;another case has vascular density decrease in one eye and basically unchanged in other eye.En face images of the ellipsoidal zone and interdigitation zone injury showed a low wedge-shaped reflection contour appearance.NIR image mainly show the absence of the outer retinal interdigitation zone in AMN.No abnormal fluorescence was observed in FFA.Corresponding partial defect of the visual field were visualized via perimeter in one case.CONCLUSION:The morbidity of SARS-CoV-2 infection with AMN is increased.Ophthalmologists should be aware of the possible,albeit rare,AMN after SARS-CoV-2 infection and focus on multimodal imaging features.OCT,OCTA,and infrared fundus phase are proved to be valuable tools for detection of AMN in patients with SARS-CoV-2.
文摘AIM:To identify metabolites,proteins,and related pathways involved in the etiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)for use as biomarkers in diagnosing and treating RRD.METHODS:Vitreous specimens were collected and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis was per formed using the four-dimensional label-free technique.Statistically significant differentially expressed proteins,gene ontology(GO)terms,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway representations,and protein interactions were analyzed.RESULTS:Nine specimens were subjected to proteomic analysis.In total,161 proteins were identified as differentially expressed proteins(DEPs),including 53 upregulated proteins and 108 downregulated proteins.GO functional analysis revealed that some DEPs were enriched in neuron-related terms and membrane protein terms.Moreover,KEGG analysis indicated that the cell adhesion molecule metabolic pathway was associated with the greatest number of DEPs.Finally,the evaluation of protein-protein interaction network revealed that DEPs were clustered in neuronal adhesion,apoptosis,inflammation and immune responses,correct protein folding,and glycolysis.CONCLUSION:Proteomic profiling is useful for the exploration of molecular mechanisms that underlie RRD.This study reveals increased expression levels of proteins related to heat shock protein content,glycolysis,and inflammatory responses in RRD.Knowledge regarding biomarkers of RRD pathogenesis may help to prevent the occurrence of RRD in the future.
基金Supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY20H120003).
文摘AIM:To determine the in vitro protective effect of recombinant prominin-1(Prominin-1)+microRNA-29b(P1M29)on N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)-induced excitotoxicity in retinal ganglion cells(RGCs).METHODS:RGC-5 cells were cultured,and NMDAinduced excitotoxicity at the range of 100–800μmol/L was assessed using the MTT assay.NMDA(800μmol/L)was selected as the appropriate concentration for preparing the cell model.To evaluate the protective effect of P1M29 on the cell model,Prominin-1 was added at the concentration of 1–6 ng/mL for 48h,and the cell survival was investigated with/without microRNA-29b.After obtaining the appropriate concentration and time of P1M29 at 48h,real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)was utilized to detect the relative mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and transforming growth factor(TGF)-β2.Western blot detection was applied to measure the phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B(AKT)and extracellular regulated protein kinases(ERK)in RGC-5 cells after treatment with Prominin-1.Apoptosis study of the cell model was conducted by flow cytometry for estimating the anti-apoptotic effect of P1M29.Immunofluorescence analysis was used to analyze the expression levels of VEGF and TGF-β2.RESULTS:MTT cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that P1M29 group had significantly higher cell survival rate than Prominin-1 group(P<0.05).Real-time PCR data indicated that the expression levels of VEGF were significantly increased in both Prominin-1 and P1M29 groups compared NMDA and microRNA-29b group(P<0.05),while TGF-β2 were significantly decreased in both microRNA-29b and P1M29 groups compared NMDA and Prominin-1 group(P<0.05).Western blot results showed that both Prominin-1 and P1M29 groups significantly increased the phosphorylation levels of AKT and ERK compared to NMDA and microRNA-29b groups(P<0.05).Flow cytometry analysis revealed that P1M29 could prevent RGC-5 cell apoptosis in the early stage of apoptosis,while immunofluorescence results showed that P1M29 group had higher expression of VEGF and lower expression of TGF-β2 with a stronger green fluorescence than NMDA group.CONCLUSION:Prominin-1 combined with microRNA-29b can provide a suitable therapeutic option for ameliorating NMDA-induced excitotoxicity in RGC-5 cells.
基金Supported by Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(No.TJYXZDXK-016A)。
文摘AIM:To investigate the association of ganglion cell complex thickness(GCCt),global loss volume percentage(GLV%),and focal loss volume percentage(FLV%)with structural and functional findings among patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy(CCSC)and recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy(RCSC)by optical coherence tomography(OCT).METHODS:Among 29 patients with monocular affected central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC),15 had CCSC,and 14 had RCSC.The GCCt,FLV%,GLV%,and subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)and sublesional choroidal thickness(SLCT)values were determined using OCT,and the association of these characteristics with neural structure parameters,choroidal morphology,features and functional alterations were estimated for the CCSC and RCSC patients.RESULTS:In CCSC,the affected eyes had significantly lower GCCt values than the fellow eyes in the macular regions(all P<0.05),with the highest GCCt observed in the inferior area.A significant association was found between the GCCt in different regions and the change in best corrected visual acuity(BCVA;r=-0.696;-0.695;-0.694,P<0.05)in CCSC patients.A statistically significant moderate negative correlation indicated that long-term CCSC was associated with greater differences in the GCCt in different regions between affected and fellow eyes(r=-0.562;r=-0.556;r=0.525,P<0.05).Additionally,observation of thickened SFCT was associated with a worse FLV%(r=0.599;r=0.546,P<0.05)in both groups.Similarly,thickened SLCT was associated with FLV%in RCSC patients(r=0.544,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The distribution and GCCt are associated with the duration and visual outcomes of CCSC,whereas there is no correlation among RCSC patients.FLV%may be instrumental in differentiating the various outer choroidal vessels(pachyvessels)in long-term CSC.These results suggest that neural structure parameters may aid in estimating and predicting the recovery of altered morphology and function in CCSC and RCSC patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(NAION)is an independent disease characterized by edematous optic discs.In eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO),the arteries and veins in the ethmoid plate of the optic disc are relatively crowded;however,a combination of the two is clinically uncommon.Herein,we reported a patient with NAION and concealed BRVO,for which the treatment and prognosis were not similar to those for NAION alone.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report a case of NAION with concealed BRVO that did not improve with oral medication.A week later,we switched to intravenous drug administration to improve circulation,and the patient’s visual acuity and visual field recovered.Hormonal therapy was not administered throughout the study.This case suggested that:(1)Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)can help detect hidden BRVO along with the NAION diagnosis;(2)intravenous infusion of drugs to improve circulation has positive effects in treating such patients;and(3)NAION with concealed BRVO may not require systemic hormonal therapy,in contrast with the known treatment for simple NAION.CONCLUSION NAION may be associated with hidden BRVO,which can only be observed on FFA;intravenous therapy has proven effectiveness.
基金Tianjin Science and Technology Project,China (No.08ZCGYSF01700)
文摘·AIM:To evaluate the risk factors associated with retinal neovascularization of diabetic retinopathy in northern Chinese Han patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).·METHODS:The clinical characteristics of 200 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and 100 age-matched healthy individuals were compared.The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed in the patients with PDR.·RESULTS:Fasting blood glucose (FBG),triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),uric acid (UA),white blood cell count (WBC),absolute neutrophil count,hematocrit (HCT) and mean platelet volume (MPV) and mean platelet volume (MPV) were all significantly higher in patients with PDR than in the control group (P【0.05).The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors independently associated with retinal neovascularization of DR were duration of diabetes mellitus (OR=1.112;P =0.000),BUN (OR=1.277;P =0.000),smoking (OR=3.967;P=0.000) and MPV(OR=2.472;P =0.000).On the other hand,panretinal photocoagulation was associated with reduced risk of retinal neovascularization (OR=0.983;P =0.000).·CONCLUSION:Preventing and controlling T2DM in terms of risk factors,including duration of diabetes,BUN,smoking and MPV,might offer novel approaches to prevent or delay the onset of retinal neovascularization in patients with PDR.·
基金Supported by Tianjin Science and Technology Project of China(13ZCZDSY01500)
文摘AIM:To investigate whether umbilical cord human mesenchymal stem cell(UC-MSC)was able to differentiate into neural stem cell and neuron in vitro.·METHODS:The umbilical cords were obtained from pregnant women with their written consent and the approval of the Clinic Ethnics Committee.UC-MSC were isolated by adherent culture in the medium contains 20%fetal bovine serum(FBS),then they were maintained in the medium contain 10%FBS and induced to neural cells in neural differentiation medium.We investigated whether UC-MSC was able to differentiate into neural stem cell and neuron in vitro by using flow cytometry,reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and immunofluorescence(IF)analyzes.·RESULTS:A substantial number of UC-MSC was harvested using the tissue explants adherent method at about 2wk.Flow cytometric study revealed that these cells expressed common markers of MSCs,such as CD105(SH2),CD73(SH3)and CD90.After induction of differentiation of neural stem cells,the cells began to form clusters;RT-PCR and IF showed that the neuron specific enolase(NSE)and neurogenic differentiation 1-positive cells reached 87.3%±14.7%and 72.6%±11.8%,respectively.Cells showed neuronal cell differentiation after induced,including neuron-like protrusions,plump cell body,obviously and stronger refraction.RT-PCR and IF analysis showed that microtubule-associated protein 2(MAP2)and nuclear factor-M-positive cells reached 43.1%±10.3%and 69.4%±19.5%,respectively.·CONCLUSION:Human umbilical cord derived MSCscan be cultured and proliferated in vitro and differentiate into neural stem cells,which may be a valuable source for cell therapy of neurodegenerative eye diseases.
基金Supported by Tianjin Science and Technology ProjectChina(No.13ZCZDSY01500)
文摘AIM: To observe the effects of intravitreal injections of different concentrations of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells on retinopathy in rats with diabetes mellitus.METHODS: Healthy and adult male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly assigned to a normal control group(group A), a diabetic retinopathy(DR) blank control group(group B), a high-concentration transplantation group(group C), a low-concentration transplantation group(group D) and a placebo transplantation group(group E). The expression of nerve growth factor(NGF)protein in the retinal layers was detected by immunohistochemical staining at 2, 4, 6 and 8wk.RESULTS: The expression of NGF was positive in group A and most positive in the retinal ganglion cell layer. In groups B and E, the expression of NGF was positive 2wk after transplantation and showed an increase in all layers. However, the level of expression had decreased in all layers at 4wk and was significantly reduced at 8wk. In groups C and D, the expression of NGF had increased at 2wk and continued to increase up to 8wk. The level of expression in group C was much higher than that in group D.CONCLUSION: DR can be improved by intravitreal injection of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells.High concentrations of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells confer a better protective effect on DR than low concentrations.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81700846)Tianjin Science and Technology Project of China(No.14JCYBJC27400)Science and technology Project of Tianjin Municipal Health Bureau(No.2015KZ073)
文摘AIM: To observe the effect of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells(h UCMSCs) on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A(VEGF-A) in blue light injured human retinal pigment epithelial(RPE) cells and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization(CNV) in rats.METHODS: Exosomes were isolated from h UCMSCs and characterized by transmission electron microscope and Western blot. MSCs-derived exosomes were cultured with RPE cells exposed to blue light. The m RNA and protein expression of VEGF-A were determined by real time-polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and Western blot, respectively. Immunofluorescence assay was used for the detection of the expression level of VEGF-A. We injected different doses of MSCs-derived exosomes intravitreally to observe and compare their effects in a mouse model of laserinduced retinal injury. The histological structure of CNV in rats was inspected by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and fundus fluorescein angiography. The expression of VEGF-A was detected by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Exosomes exhibited the typical characteristic morphology(cup-shaped) and size(diameter between 50 and 150 nm). The exosomes marker, CD63, and h UCMSCs marker, CD90, showed a robust presence. In vitro, MSCsderived exosomes downregulated the m RNA(Exo-L: t=6.485, 7.959, 9.286; Exo-M: t=7.517, 10.170, 13.413; Exo-H: t=10.317, 12.234, 14.592, P<0.05) and protein(Exo-L: t=2.945, 4.477, 6.657; Exo-M: t=4.713, 6.421, 8.836; Exo-H:t=6.539, 12.194, 12.783; P<0.05) expression of VEGF-A in RPE cells after blue light stimulation. In vivo, we found that the MSCs-derived exosomes reduced damage, distinctly downregulated VEGF-A(Exo-H: t=0.957, 1.382; P<0.05), and gradually improved the histological structures of CNV for a better visual function(Exo-L: 0.346, Exo-M: 3.382, Exo-H: 8.571; P<0.05). CONCLUSION: MSCs-derived exosomes ameliorate blue light stimulation in RPE cells and laser-induced retinal injury via downregulation of VEGF-A.
文摘· AIM: To investigate the visual function and the relationship with vision-related quality of life(VRQOL)after macular hole repair surgery.· METHODS: Prospective case series. Thirty-six consecutive eyes in 36 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy(PPV) and internal limiting membrane(ILM) peeling were included. The 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire(VFQ-25) was answered by the participants before and 3 and 12 mo after operation. Follow-up visits examinations included best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), clinical examination,and central macular thickness(CMT) measured by optical coherence tomography(OCT).·RESULTS: Macular-hole closure was achieved in 35 of36 eyes(97.2%). At baseline and months 3 and 12, the log MAR BCVAs(mean±SD) were 1.15±0.47, 0.68±0.53(P <0.0001 versus baseline), and 0.55 ±0.49(P <0.001 versus baseline, P =0.273 versus month 3), respectively; the CMTs(μm) were 330 ±81, 244 ±62(P <0.001 versus baseline), and 225±58(P <0.001 versus baseline, P =0.222 versus month 3), respectively; the median preoperative VFQ-25 composite score of 73.50(63.92-81.13) increased postoperatively to 85.50(80.04-89.63) at 3mo(P <0.001)and 86.73(82.50-89.63) at 12mo(P <0.001) respectively.The improved BCVA was correlated with improvements in five subscales(r =-0.605 to-0.336, P <0.001 to P =0.046) at 12 mo.· CONCLUSION: PPV with ILM peeling improved anatomic outcome, visual function, and VRQOL. Theimproved BCVA was an important factor related to the improved VRQOL.
