Alzheimer’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder defined by decreased reasoning abilities,memory loss,and cognitive deterioration.The presence of the blood-brain barrier presents a major obstacle to the dev...Alzheimer’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder defined by decreased reasoning abilities,memory loss,and cognitive deterioration.The presence of the blood-brain barrier presents a major obstacle to the development of effective drug therapies for Alzheimer’s disease.The use of ultrasound as a novel physical modulation approach has garnered widespread attention in recent years.As a safe and feasible therapeutic and drug-delivery method,ultrasound has shown promise in improving cognitive deficits.This article provides a summary of the application of ultrasound technology for treating Alzheimer’s disease over the past 5 years,including standalone ultrasound treatment,ultrasound combined with microbubbles or drug therapy,and magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound therapy.Emphasis is placed on the benefits of introducing these treatment methods and their potential mechanisms.We found that several ultrasound methods can open the blood-brain barrier and effectively alleviate amyloid-βplaque deposition.We believe that ultrasound is an effective therapy for Alzheimer’s disease,and this review provides a theoretical basis for future ultrasound treatment methods.展开更多
Chemokine(C-X-C motif)receptor 7(CXCR7),recently termed ACKR3,belongs to the G protein-coupled cell surface receptor family,binds to stromal cellderived factor-1[SDF-1,or chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 12]or chemokine(C...Chemokine(C-X-C motif)receptor 7(CXCR7),recently termed ACKR3,belongs to the G protein-coupled cell surface receptor family,binds to stromal cellderived factor-1[SDF-1,or chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 12]or chemokine(CX-C motif)ligand 11,and is the most common chemokine receptor expressed in a variety of cancer cells.SDF-1 binds to its receptor chemokine(C-X-C motif)receptor 4(CXCR4)and regulates cell proliferation,survival,angiogenesis and migration.In recent years,another new receptor for SDF-1,CXCR7,has been discovered,and CXCR7 has also been found to be expressed in a variety of tumor cells and tumor-related vascular endothelial cells.Many studies have shown that CXCR7 can promote the growth and metastasis of a variety of malignant tumor cells.Unlike CXCR4,CXCR7 exhibits a slight modification in the DRYLAIV motif and does not induce intracellular Ca^2+release following ligand binding,which is essential for recruiting and activating G proteins.CXCR7 is generally thought to work in three ways:(1)Recruitingβ-arrestin 2;(2)Heterodimerizing with CXCR4;and(3)Acting as a“scavenger”of SDF-1,thus lowering the level of SDF-1 to weaken the activity of CXCR4.In the present review,the expression and role of CXCR7,as well as its prognosis in cancers of the digestive system,were investigated.展开更多
Neuron interface devices can be used to explore the relationships between neuron firing and synaptic transmission,as well as to diagnose and treat neurological disorders,such as epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease.It is...Neuron interface devices can be used to explore the relationships between neuron firing and synaptic transmission,as well as to diagnose and treat neurological disorders,such as epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease.It is crucial to exploit neuron devices with high sensitivity,high biocompatibility,multifunctional integration and high-speed data processing.During the past decades,researchers have made significant progress in neural electrodes,artificial sensory neuron devices,and neuromorphic optic neuron devices.The main part of the review is divided into two sections,providing an overview of recently developed neuron interface devices for recording electrophysiological signals,as well as applications in neuromodulation,simulating the human sensory system,and achieving memory and recognition.We mainly discussed the development,characteristics,functional mechanisms,and applications of neuron devices and elucidated several key points for clinical translation.The present review highlights the advances in neuron devices on brain-computer interfaces and neuroscience research.展开更多
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)is a noninvasive brain imaging technique that has gradually been applied in emotion recognition research due to its advantages of high spatial resolution,real time,and conve...Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)is a noninvasive brain imaging technique that has gradually been applied in emotion recognition research due to its advantages of high spatial resolution,real time,and convenience.However,the current research on emotion recognition based on fNIRS is mainly limited to within-subject,and there is a lack of related work on emotion recognition across subjects.Therefore,in this paper,we designed an emotion evoking experiment with videos as stimuli and constructed the fNIRS emotion recognition database.On this basis,deep learning technology was introduced for the first time,and a dual-branch joint network(DBJNet)was constructed,creating the ability to generalize the model to new participants.The decoding performance obtained by the proposed model shows that fNIRS can effectively distinguish positive versus neutral versus negative emotions(accuracy is 74.8%,F1 score is 72.9%),and the decoding performance on the 2-category emotion recognition task of distinguishing positive versus neutral(accuracy is 89.5%,F1 score is 88.3%),negative versus neutral(accuracy is 91.7%,F1 score is 91.1%)proved fNIRS has a powerful ability to decode emotions.Furthermore,the results of the ablation study of the model structure demonstrate that the joint convolutional neural network branch and the statistical branch achieve the highest decoding performance.The work in this paper is expected to facilitate the development of fNIRS affective brain-computer interface.展开更多
After explorations in a diversity of single-atom nanozymes(SAzymes),developing dual-centered SAzymes becomes a promising approach for superior catalytic performance.But confusing mechanisms including atomic coordinati...After explorations in a diversity of single-atom nanozymes(SAzymes),developing dual-centered SAzymes becomes a promising approach for superior catalytic performance.But confusing mechanisms including atomic coordination,spatial configuration,and metal–metal atom interaction hinder the development and design of SAzymes.Herein,a dual-centered Fe-Cu-N_(x)SAzyme exhibits excellent peroxidase(POD)-and catalase(CAT)-like activities with d-band center(ε_(d))coordination of Fe and Cu in multiple reaction stages,which plays a critical role in the adsorption of H_(2)O_(2)molecule and H_(2)O and O_(2)release.Therefore,the dband center coordination,which can be represented byε_(d)(Fe)–ε_(d)(Cu)shifts,leads to the competition between one-side and bilateral adsorption,which determines the favorable reaction path with lower energy barriers.Based on experimental statistics,simulated formation energies,and reaction barriers,3 configurations,Fe-Cu-N6-I,Fe-Cu-N_(8)-II,and Fe-Cu-N_(8)-III,are modeled and validated.Impressively,configuration-dependent catalytic selectivity and the competition between one-side and bilateral adsorption can be unveiled by d-band center coordination paradigm analysis.Theoretical simulations suggest that the unsymmetrical charge distribution over the three Fe-Cu configurations could tune the adsorption strength compared with the counterparts FeN_(4)and CuN_(4).The present work provides a potential route for optimizing enzyme-like catalysis by designing the dual-or even triple-metal SAzymes,which demonstrates the large space to modulate the metal atomic configuration and interaction.展开更多
Near infrared-II(NIR-II, 1 000-1 700 nm) imaging with high penetration tissue depth and signal-noise ratio has attracted wide interest in biomedicine. As a two-dimensional(2D) material with narrow band gap, the band s...Near infrared-II(NIR-II, 1 000-1 700 nm) imaging with high penetration tissue depth and signal-noise ratio has attracted wide interest in biomedicine. As a two-dimensional(2D) material with narrow band gap, the band structure of layered black phosphorus, as an important characteristic of electronic structure, determines the electronic transport and infrared optical properties, which show great potential in NIIR-II imaging. Here, the electronic structure and NIR-II optical properties of black phosphorus have been investigated in detail by employing the generalized gradient approximation + U(GGA+U) correction based on density functional theory(DFT). First, we performed the band structure and density of states for different layers of black phosphorus. From the electronic structures, the location of valence band maximum didn’t shift obviously, and the position of conduction band minimum shifted downward gradually, inducing the band gaps decreased gradually with the increasing layer number. While the layer number increased to 5, the behaviour of electronic structure was very similar to that of the bulk black phosphorus. Then, we calculated the NIR-II optical properties, and found the optical band gap of black phosphorus also showed layer dependent properties. From a single layer to 5 layers, the optical band gap changed from 1.71 e V to 0.92 e V. It is noting that black phosphorus also showed the significant optical absorption in NIR-IIa(1 300-1 400 nm) and NIR-IIb(1 500-1 700 nm) windows. Especially, the NIR-II optical absorption can be enhanced with increasing the layer number to 5, indicating promising photoresponse materials in NIR-II imaging.展开更多
It is desirable but always challenging to develop a cutting-edge tumor treatment strategy with high therapeutic efficacy,lesiontargeted precision and mild accessibility.Compared to traditional treatment modalities,pho...It is desirable but always challenging to develop a cutting-edge tumor treatment strategy with high therapeutic efficacy,lesiontargeted precision and mild accessibility.Compared to traditional treatment modalities,photodynamic therapy has been widely studied since the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)at cancerous lesions unprecedentedly offers a convenient approach for localized tumor eliminations.Nevertheless,the consumption of oxygen for ROS production in a hypoxic tumor microenvironment has dramatically limited its feasibility and efficacy.Herein,the engineered nanocomposites of BTO@PDA-ICGHA with photodynamic and pyroelectric performances have been fabricated and applied to the photodynamic-pyroelectric dynamic treatments.The continuing ROS production derived from intracellular oxygen(O_(2))and water(H_(2)O)by laser irradiation contributed to the superb tumor cell apoptosis and significant tumor growth inhibition.Thus,this study has validated a new concept by depositing the engineered nanocomposites at the tumor just like Trojan horses,facilitating ROS release as killers and exerting the NIR-induced cell apoptosis and tumor growth inhibition with high therapeutic efficiency and expectable translational perspectives.展开更多
Recent studies have shown that 3D printed scaffolds integrated with growth factors can guide the growth of neurites and promote axon regeneration at the injury site.However,heat,organic solvents or cross-linking agent...Recent studies have shown that 3D printed scaffolds integrated with growth factors can guide the growth of neurites and promote axon regeneration at the injury site.However,heat,organic solvents or cross-linking agents used in conventional 3D printing reduce the biological activity of growth factors.Low temperature 3D printing can incorporate growth factors into the scaffold and maintain their biological activity.In this study,we developed a collagen/chitosan scaffold integrated with brain-derived neurotrophic factor(3D-CC-BDNF)by low temperature extrusion 3D printing as a new type of artificial controlled release system,which could prolong the release of BDNF for the treatment of spinal cord injury(SCI).Eight weeks after the implantation of scaffolds in the transected lesion of T10 of the spinal cord,3D-CC-BDNF significantly ameliorate locomotor function of the rats.Consistent with the recovery of locomotor function,3D-CC-BDNF treatment could fill the gap,facilitate nerve fiber regeneration,accelerate the establishment of synaptic connections and enhance remyelination at the injury site.展开更多
Chemically functionalized gas-filled bubbles with a versatile micro/nano-sized scale have witnessed a long history of developments and emerging applications in disease diagnosis and treatments.In combination with ultr...Chemically functionalized gas-filled bubbles with a versatile micro/nano-sized scale have witnessed a long history of developments and emerging applications in disease diagnosis and treatments.In combination with ultrasound and image-guidance,micro/nanobubbles have been endowed with the capabilities of biomedical imaging,drug delivery,gene transfection and diseaseoriented therapy.As an external stimulus,ultrasound(US)-mediated targeting treatments have been achieving unprecedented efficiency.Nowadays,US is playing a crucial role in visualizing biological/pathological changes in lives as a reliable imaging technique and a powerful therapeutic tool.This review retrospects the history of ultrasound,the chemistry of functionalized agents and summarizes recent advancements of functional micro/nanobubbles as US contrast agents in preclinical and transclinical research.Latest ultrasound-based treatment modalities in association with functional micro/nanobubbles have been highlighted as their great potentials for disease precision therapy.It is believed that these state-of-the-art micro/nanobubbles will become a booster for ultrasound medicine and visualizable guidance to serve future human healthcare in a more comprehensive and practical manner.展开更多
Homeostasis of gut microbiota is extremely essential for maintaining nutrient metabolism and regulating immunological function.The increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is strongly associate...Homeostasis of gut microbiota is extremely essential for maintaining nutrient metabolism and regulating immunological function.The increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is strongly associated with dysregulation of gut microbiota.During activated inflammation,excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)and reactive nitrogen species(RNS)produced by inflammatory cells play a detrimental role in regulating IBD and gut microbiota.ROS/RNS cause damage to the surrounding tissues,including nutrient absorption disorders,intestinal dysmotility and barrier dysfunction.Meanwhile,ROS/RNS provide terminal electron receptors for anaerobic respiration and support the bloom of facultative anaerobes,eventually causing gut microbiota dysbiosis.Redox-active nanoparticles(NPs)with catalytic properties or enzyme-like activities can effectively scavenge ROS/RNS,and selectively target inflamed sites via ultrasmall size-mediated enhanced permeation and retention(EPR)effect,showing great potential to regulate IBD and maintain the homeostasis of gut microbiota.In addition,the widespread application of NPs in commercial products 1 has increased their accumulation in healthy organisms,and the biological effects on normal microbiota resulting from long-term exposure of NPs to gastrointestinal tract also need attention.展开更多
The conventional immunoadjuvants in vaccine have weak effect on stimulating antigen presentation and activating anti-tumor immunity.Unexpectedly,we discovered that non-pathogenic Sendai virus(SeV)could activate antige...The conventional immunoadjuvants in vaccine have weak effect on stimulating antigen presentation and activating anti-tumor immunity.Unexpectedly,we discovered that non-pathogenic Sendai virus(SeV)could activate antigen-presenting cells(APCs)represented by dendritic cells(DCs).Here,we designed an injectable SeV-based hydrogel vaccine(SHV)to execute multi-channel recruitment and stimulation of DCs for boosting the specific immune response against tumors.After the release of the NIR-triggered antigens from tumor cells,dendritic cells around the vaccine efficiently transport the antigens to lymph nodes and present them to T lymphocytes,thereby inducing systemic anti-tumor immune memory.Our findings demonstrated that the SHV with excellent universality,convenience and flexibility has achieved better immune protection effects in inhibiting the occurrence of melanoma and breast cancer.In conclusion,the SHV system might serve as the next generation of personalized anti-tumor vaccines with enhanced features over standard vaccination regimens,and represented an alternative way to suppress tumorigenesis.展开更多
Emotion recognition is one of the most important research directions in the field of brain–computer interface(BCI).However,to conduct electroencephalogram(EEG)-based emotion recognition,there exist difficulties regar...Emotion recognition is one of the most important research directions in the field of brain–computer interface(BCI).However,to conduct electroencephalogram(EEG)-based emotion recognition,there exist difficulties regarding EEG signal processing;moreover,the performance of classification models in this regard is restricted.To counter these issues,the 2022 World Robot Contest successfully held an affective BCI competition,thus promoting the innovation of EEG-based emotion recognition.In this paper,we propose the Transformer-based ensemble(TBEM)deep learning model.TBEM comprises two models:a pure convolutional neural network(CNN)model and a cascaded CNN-Transformer hybrid model.The proposed model won the abovementioned affective BCI competition’s final championship in the 2022 World Robot Contest,demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed TBEM deep learning model for EEG-based emotion recognition.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82371886(to JY),81925020(to DM),82202797(to LW),and 82271218(to CZ).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder defined by decreased reasoning abilities,memory loss,and cognitive deterioration.The presence of the blood-brain barrier presents a major obstacle to the development of effective drug therapies for Alzheimer’s disease.The use of ultrasound as a novel physical modulation approach has garnered widespread attention in recent years.As a safe and feasible therapeutic and drug-delivery method,ultrasound has shown promise in improving cognitive deficits.This article provides a summary of the application of ultrasound technology for treating Alzheimer’s disease over the past 5 years,including standalone ultrasound treatment,ultrasound combined with microbubbles or drug therapy,and magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound therapy.Emphasis is placed on the benefits of introducing these treatment methods and their potential mechanisms.We found that several ultrasound methods can open the blood-brain barrier and effectively alleviate amyloid-βplaque deposition.We believe that ultrasound is an effective therapy for Alzheimer’s disease,and this review provides a theoretical basis for future ultrasound treatment methods.
基金Supported by Key Projects of Tianjin Natural Science Foundation,No.19JCZDJC36100General Project of Natural Science Fund of Tianjin Education Commission,No.2018KJ047+1 种基金Subject in the Third Affiliated Central Hospital of Nankai University,No.2017YNY3Tianjin Key Special Projects,No.15KG115。
文摘Chemokine(C-X-C motif)receptor 7(CXCR7),recently termed ACKR3,belongs to the G protein-coupled cell surface receptor family,binds to stromal cellderived factor-1[SDF-1,or chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 12]or chemokine(CX-C motif)ligand 11,and is the most common chemokine receptor expressed in a variety of cancer cells.SDF-1 binds to its receptor chemokine(C-X-C motif)receptor 4(CXCR4)and regulates cell proliferation,survival,angiogenesis and migration.In recent years,another new receptor for SDF-1,CXCR7,has been discovered,and CXCR7 has also been found to be expressed in a variety of tumor cells and tumor-related vascular endothelial cells.Many studies have shown that CXCR7 can promote the growth and metastasis of a variety of malignant tumor cells.Unlike CXCR4,CXCR7 exhibits a slight modification in the DRYLAIV motif and does not induce intracellular Ca^2+release following ligand binding,which is essential for recruiting and activating G proteins.CXCR7 is generally thought to work in three ways:(1)Recruitingβ-arrestin 2;(2)Heterodimerizing with CXCR4;and(3)Acting as a“scavenger”of SDF-1,thus lowering the level of SDF-1 to weaken the activity of CXCR4.In the present review,the expression and role of CXCR7,as well as its prognosis in cancers of the digestive system,were investigated.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1200700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.91859101,81971744,U1932107,82001952,and 11804248)+2 种基金Outstanding Youth Funds of Tianjin(2021FJ-0009)National Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(Nos.19JCZDJC34000,20JCYBJC00940,21JCYBJC00550,21JCZDJC00620,and 21JCYBJC00490)the Innovation Foundation of Tianjin University,and CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team(JCTD-2020-08).
文摘Neuron interface devices can be used to explore the relationships between neuron firing and synaptic transmission,as well as to diagnose and treat neurological disorders,such as epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease.It is crucial to exploit neuron devices with high sensitivity,high biocompatibility,multifunctional integration and high-speed data processing.During the past decades,researchers have made significant progress in neural electrodes,artificial sensory neuron devices,and neuromorphic optic neuron devices.The main part of the review is divided into two sections,providing an overview of recently developed neuron interface devices for recording electrophysiological signals,as well as applications in neuromodulation,simulating the human sensory system,and achieving memory and recognition.We mainly discussed the development,characteristics,functional mechanisms,and applications of neuron devices and elucidated several key points for clinical translation.The present review highlights the advances in neuron devices on brain-computer interfaces and neuroscience research.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China“Biology and Information Fusion”Key Project(No.2021YFF1200600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61906132 and No.81925020)the Key Project&Team Program of Tianjin City(No.XC202020).
文摘Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)is a noninvasive brain imaging technique that has gradually been applied in emotion recognition research due to its advantages of high spatial resolution,real time,and convenience.However,the current research on emotion recognition based on fNIRS is mainly limited to within-subject,and there is a lack of related work on emotion recognition across subjects.Therefore,in this paper,we designed an emotion evoking experiment with videos as stimuli and constructed the fNIRS emotion recognition database.On this basis,deep learning technology was introduced for the first time,and a dual-branch joint network(DBJNet)was constructed,creating the ability to generalize the model to new participants.The decoding performance obtained by the proposed model shows that fNIRS can effectively distinguish positive versus neutral versus negative emotions(accuracy is 74.8%,F1 score is 72.9%),and the decoding performance on the 2-category emotion recognition task of distinguishing positive versus neutral(accuracy is 89.5%,F1 score is 88.3%),negative versus neutral(accuracy is 91.7%,F1 score is 91.1%)proved fNIRS has a powerful ability to decode emotions.Furthermore,the results of the ablation study of the model structure demonstrate that the joint convolutional neural network branch and the statistical branch achieve the highest decoding performance.The work in this paper is expected to facilitate the development of fNIRS affective brain-computer interface.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2021YFF1200700 and 2021YFF1200701)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91859101,81971744,U1932107,82001952,11804248,82302361,and 82302381)+5 种基金Outstanding Youth Funds of Tianjin(No.2021FJ-0009)STI 2030-Major Projects(No.2022ZD0210200)National Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(Nos.19JCZDJC34000,20JCYBJC00940,21JCYBJC00550,21JCZDJC00620,and 21JCYBJC00490)the Key Projects of Tianjin Natural Fund(No.21JCZDJC00490)the Innovation Foundation of Tianjin University,China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M732601)CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team(No.JCTD-2020-08).
文摘After explorations in a diversity of single-atom nanozymes(SAzymes),developing dual-centered SAzymes becomes a promising approach for superior catalytic performance.But confusing mechanisms including atomic coordination,spatial configuration,and metal–metal atom interaction hinder the development and design of SAzymes.Herein,a dual-centered Fe-Cu-N_(x)SAzyme exhibits excellent peroxidase(POD)-and catalase(CAT)-like activities with d-band center(ε_(d))coordination of Fe and Cu in multiple reaction stages,which plays a critical role in the adsorption of H_(2)O_(2)molecule and H_(2)O and O_(2)release.Therefore,the dband center coordination,which can be represented byε_(d)(Fe)–ε_(d)(Cu)shifts,leads to the competition between one-side and bilateral adsorption,which determines the favorable reaction path with lower energy barriers.Based on experimental statistics,simulated formation energies,and reaction barriers,3 configurations,Fe-Cu-N6-I,Fe-Cu-N_(8)-II,and Fe-Cu-N_(8)-III,are modeled and validated.Impressively,configuration-dependent catalytic selectivity and the competition between one-side and bilateral adsorption can be unveiled by d-band center coordination paradigm analysis.Theoretical simulations suggest that the unsymmetrical charge distribution over the three Fe-Cu configurations could tune the adsorption strength compared with the counterparts FeN_(4)and CuN_(4).The present work provides a potential route for optimizing enzyme-like catalysis by designing the dual-or even triple-metal SAzymes,which demonstrates the large space to modulate the metal atomic configuration and interaction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81971744,U1932107,91859101,and 11304220)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(Nos.2021FJ-0009 and 19JCZDJC34000).
文摘Near infrared-II(NIR-II, 1 000-1 700 nm) imaging with high penetration tissue depth and signal-noise ratio has attracted wide interest in biomedicine. As a two-dimensional(2D) material with narrow band gap, the band structure of layered black phosphorus, as an important characteristic of electronic structure, determines the electronic transport and infrared optical properties, which show great potential in NIIR-II imaging. Here, the electronic structure and NIR-II optical properties of black phosphorus have been investigated in detail by employing the generalized gradient approximation + U(GGA+U) correction based on density functional theory(DFT). First, we performed the band structure and density of states for different layers of black phosphorus. From the electronic structures, the location of valence band maximum didn’t shift obviously, and the position of conduction band minimum shifted downward gradually, inducing the band gaps decreased gradually with the increasing layer number. While the layer number increased to 5, the behaviour of electronic structure was very similar to that of the bulk black phosphorus. Then, we calculated the NIR-II optical properties, and found the optical band gap of black phosphorus also showed layer dependent properties. From a single layer to 5 layers, the optical band gap changed from 1.71 e V to 0.92 e V. It is noting that black phosphorus also showed the significant optical absorption in NIR-IIa(1 300-1 400 nm) and NIR-IIb(1 500-1 700 nm) windows. Especially, the NIR-II optical absorption can be enhanced with increasing the layer number to 5, indicating promising photoresponse materials in NIR-II imaging.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072057,82311540023)。
文摘It is desirable but always challenging to develop a cutting-edge tumor treatment strategy with high therapeutic efficacy,lesiontargeted precision and mild accessibility.Compared to traditional treatment modalities,photodynamic therapy has been widely studied since the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)at cancerous lesions unprecedentedly offers a convenient approach for localized tumor eliminations.Nevertheless,the consumption of oxygen for ROS production in a hypoxic tumor microenvironment has dramatically limited its feasibility and efficacy.Herein,the engineered nanocomposites of BTO@PDA-ICGHA with photodynamic and pyroelectric performances have been fabricated and applied to the photodynamic-pyroelectric dynamic treatments.The continuing ROS production derived from intracellular oxygen(O_(2))and water(H_(2)O)by laser irradiation contributed to the superb tumor cell apoptosis and significant tumor growth inhibition.Thus,this study has validated a new concept by depositing the engineered nanocomposites at the tumor just like Trojan horses,facilitating ROS release as killers and exerting the NIR-induced cell apoptosis and tumor growth inhibition with high therapeutic efficiency and expectable translational perspectives.
基金supported by the National Nature Scientific Fund of China(81771352,81971782,81771350)the Nature Scientific Fund of Tianjin(18JCJQJC48500,19JCYBJC27900).
文摘Recent studies have shown that 3D printed scaffolds integrated with growth factors can guide the growth of neurites and promote axon regeneration at the injury site.However,heat,organic solvents or cross-linking agents used in conventional 3D printing reduce the biological activity of growth factors.Low temperature 3D printing can incorporate growth factors into the scaffold and maintain their biological activity.In this study,we developed a collagen/chitosan scaffold integrated with brain-derived neurotrophic factor(3D-CC-BDNF)by low temperature extrusion 3D printing as a new type of artificial controlled release system,which could prolong the release of BDNF for the treatment of spinal cord injury(SCI).Eight weeks after the implantation of scaffolds in the transected lesion of T10 of the spinal cord,3D-CC-BDNF significantly ameliorate locomotor function of the rats.Consistent with the recovery of locomotor function,3D-CC-BDNF treatment could fill the gap,facilitate nerve fiber regeneration,accelerate the establishment of synaptic connections and enhance remyelination at the injury site.
基金This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21575106,82072057).
文摘Chemically functionalized gas-filled bubbles with a versatile micro/nano-sized scale have witnessed a long history of developments and emerging applications in disease diagnosis and treatments.In combination with ultrasound and image-guidance,micro/nanobubbles have been endowed with the capabilities of biomedical imaging,drug delivery,gene transfection and diseaseoriented therapy.As an external stimulus,ultrasound(US)-mediated targeting treatments have been achieving unprecedented efficiency.Nowadays,US is playing a crucial role in visualizing biological/pathological changes in lives as a reliable imaging technique and a powerful therapeutic tool.This review retrospects the history of ultrasound,the chemistry of functionalized agents and summarizes recent advancements of functional micro/nanobubbles as US contrast agents in preclinical and transclinical research.Latest ultrasound-based treatment modalities in association with functional micro/nanobubbles have been highlighted as their great potentials for disease precision therapy.It is believed that these state-of-the-art micro/nanobubbles will become a booster for ultrasound medicine and visualizable guidance to serve future human healthcare in a more comprehensive and practical manner.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91859101,81971744,U1932107,and 81471786)the National Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.19JCZDJC34000)the Innovation Foundation of Tianjin University.
文摘Homeostasis of gut microbiota is extremely essential for maintaining nutrient metabolism and regulating immunological function.The increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is strongly associated with dysregulation of gut microbiota.During activated inflammation,excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)and reactive nitrogen species(RNS)produced by inflammatory cells play a detrimental role in regulating IBD and gut microbiota.ROS/RNS cause damage to the surrounding tissues,including nutrient absorption disorders,intestinal dysmotility and barrier dysfunction.Meanwhile,ROS/RNS provide terminal electron receptors for anaerobic respiration and support the bloom of facultative anaerobes,eventually causing gut microbiota dysbiosis.Redox-active nanoparticles(NPs)with catalytic properties or enzyme-like activities can effectively scavenge ROS/RNS,and selectively target inflamed sites via ultrasmall size-mediated enhanced permeation and retention(EPR)effect,showing great potential to regulate IBD and maintain the homeostasis of gut microbiota.In addition,the widespread application of NPs in commercial products 1 has increased their accumulation in healthy organisms,and the biological effects on normal microbiota resulting from long-term exposure of NPs to gastrointestinal tract also need attention.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32000999,81925020 and 81630051)the Key Project of Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(19JCZDJC34100)Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases(SKLOD2021OF07).
文摘The conventional immunoadjuvants in vaccine have weak effect on stimulating antigen presentation and activating anti-tumor immunity.Unexpectedly,we discovered that non-pathogenic Sendai virus(SeV)could activate antigen-presenting cells(APCs)represented by dendritic cells(DCs).Here,we designed an injectable SeV-based hydrogel vaccine(SHV)to execute multi-channel recruitment and stimulation of DCs for boosting the specific immune response against tumors.After the release of the NIR-triggered antigens from tumor cells,dendritic cells around the vaccine efficiently transport the antigens to lymph nodes and present them to T lymphocytes,thereby inducing systemic anti-tumor immune memory.Our findings demonstrated that the SHV with excellent universality,convenience and flexibility has achieved better immune protection effects in inhibiting the occurrence of melanoma and breast cancer.In conclusion,the SHV system might serve as the next generation of personalized anti-tumor vaccines with enhanced features over standard vaccination regimens,and represented an alternative way to suppress tumorigenesis.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China“Biology and Information Fusion”Key Project(Grant No.2021YFF1200600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61906132 and 81925020)Key Project&Team Program of Tianjin City(Grant No.XC202020)。
文摘Emotion recognition is one of the most important research directions in the field of brain–computer interface(BCI).However,to conduct electroencephalogram(EEG)-based emotion recognition,there exist difficulties regarding EEG signal processing;moreover,the performance of classification models in this regard is restricted.To counter these issues,the 2022 World Robot Contest successfully held an affective BCI competition,thus promoting the innovation of EEG-based emotion recognition.In this paper,we propose the Transformer-based ensemble(TBEM)deep learning model.TBEM comprises two models:a pure convolutional neural network(CNN)model and a cascaded CNN-Transformer hybrid model.The proposed model won the abovementioned affective BCI competition’s final championship in the 2022 World Robot Contest,demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed TBEM deep learning model for EEG-based emotion recognition.
