Background: low back pain affects many individuals, with 80% classified as non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) due to mechanical rather than structural issues. The link between pelvic alignment and lumbopelvic-hip rota...Background: low back pain affects many individuals, with 80% classified as non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) due to mechanical rather than structural issues. The link between pelvic alignment and lumbopelvic-hip rotation movement for NSLBP is controversial. Methods: twenty males with NSLBP and 20 healthy males participated. Data collected included static pelvic asymmetry and active lumbopelvic-hip rotation with motion capture system for kinematic analysis. Results: Unpaired T test was used to compare the difference of kinematic parameters between two groups. NSLBP group showed significantly larger angles between the ASIS-PSIS line and the z-axis (p Conclusion: Evaluations focusing on bone structure alone may be inadequate. A more comprehensive approach including functional assessments like muscle strength and range of motion could be beneficial. Integrating lumbopelvic-hip movement patterns and pelvic symmetry into clinical assessments should be considered, as they may be influenced by physical activity.展开更多
Background: Melasma is an acquired pigmentation condition characterized by its refractory nature and a high risk of recurrence. Treatment of melasma is challenging owing to its unclear etiology, stubborn resistance to...Background: Melasma is an acquired pigmentation condition characterized by its refractory nature and a high risk of recurrence. Treatment of melasma is challenging owing to its unclear etiology, stubborn resistance to treatment, and frequent relapses. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of monotherapy and combination therapy(combination of laser and tranexamic acid(TXA)) for the treatment of melasma using a network meta-analysis.Method: The PRISMA guidelines were used in this meta-analysis, with a literature search conducted in reputable sources, such as Cochrane, Science Direct, Pub Med, and Google Scholar.Results: From the initial search, 1 504 relevant studies were identified. After careful analysis, three studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed no significant differences in the Melasma Area and Severity Index(MASI) score between monotherapy(control group) and a combination therapy of laser and TXA. The mean difference in MASI score was 1.87(95% confidence interval(CI),-0.78–4.52;P=0.17), indicating no significant difference between the two treatment approaches. Side effects were more common in the combination treatment group than in the control group. The odds ratio for experiencing side effects was 8.85(95% CI, 1.57–50.01;P=0.01).Conclusion: Both the monotherapy and combination therapy groups showed therapeutic improvement;however,the combination therapy group showed a higher incidence of side effects.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to identify factors predicting diabetes self-management among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Malang City,East Java,Indonesia.Methods:A cross-sectional design was used in this study....Objective:This study aimed to identify factors predicting diabetes self-management among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Malang City,East Java,Indonesia.Methods:A cross-sectional design was used in this study.Participants were selected from five primary health centers in Malang City,East Java,Indonesia using the multistage sampling method.A total of 127 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited.Data were collected by questionnaires which were the general diabetes knowledge,the Beliefs of Treatment Effectiveness,the Diabetes Distress Scale,the Self-efficacy for Diabetes Scale,the brief Chronic Illness Resources Survey,the Situational Questionnaire and the Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities.A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data.Multiple linear regression with stepwise method was used toanalyze the data.Results:The scores of seven questionnaires(i.e,diabetes knowledge,perceived benefit of diabetes self-management,diabetes distress,perceived self-efficacy,social support,situational influence,and diabetes self-management)were 13.75±3.59,34.9±4.89,3.03±0.86,3.60±0.53,27.79±5.56,3.27±0.58,3.81±1.08,respectively.The significant predictors of diabetes self-management were treatment,perceived self-efficacy,and situational influences.These variables explained 20.8%(adjusted R^(2)=0.208)of the variance in diabetes self-management among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Malang City.Conclusion:Diabetes self-management among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus could be improved by enhancing their perceived self-efficacy to achieve their self-management behavior,such as having a healthy diet,exercising regularly,actively monitoring blood glucose level,taking medication and foot care,and providing support to promote good situational influence.展开更多
This study analyses student＇s perception toward the use of lnternet to improve reading comprehension. This study aims： （1） to describe the students＇ perception of the use of Interact as teaching media in learning...This study analyses student＇s perception toward the use of lnternet to improve reading comprehension. This study aims： （1） to describe the students＇ perception of the use of Interact as teaching media in learning reading comprehension; （2） to depict the students＇ perception of the importance oflnternet to access information; and （3） to explain the students＇ frequency to access Internet. This study uses the descriptive method to reveal the research problems. A questionnaire is used to collect the data. It consists of 20 questions with five options to reveal the students＇ perception of the use of Internet. The questionnaire is distributed to 120 students who took reading subject at the University of Muhammadiyah Malang. The study shows that （1） The students＇ perception toward the use of Internet to improve Reading Comprehension subject is positive; （2） According to the students, the use of Internet to access reading materials is very important; and （3） The students frequently access Internet to find the reading materials.展开更多
Hibridization is one of breeding strategy to increase productivity of crop including physic nut (Jatropha curcas Linn.). This study aimed to obtain information productivity per hectare and seed oil content of 11 numbe...Hibridization is one of breeding strategy to increase productivity of crop including physic nut (Jatropha curcas Linn.). This study aimed to obtain information productivity per hectare and seed oil content of 11 numbers of physic nut hybrids and their parental in four dry lands. The research was conducted in four dry land: Kalipare-Malang, Oro-oro Pule-Kejayan Pasuruan, Kedung Pengaron-Pasuruan and Jorongan-Leces Probolinggo. The materials used in this research are the eleven result numbers of physic nut hybrids, they are SP38XHS49, SP8XHS49, SP8XSP16, SP8XSP38, SP33XHS49, SM35XHS49, SM35XSP38, IP1AXHS49, IP1AXSP38, IP1PXHS 49, IP1PXSP38, and their parental, they are HS49, SP16, SP38, SP8, SP33, SM35, IP1A, IP1P, IP3P. Observation was done during the plants’ generative phase, on the second harvest. The results showed that SP38XHS49 hybrid on Kedung Pengaron, produces the highest seeds dry weight per hectare (1170 kg/ha) with 62.33 gram of dry weight of 100 seeds and the oil content is 32.56%. The highest average of dry seed productions from all planting sites achieved on the crossing between SP38XHS49 (658.75 kg/hectare) and followed by SP8XHS49 (607.5 kg/hectare). If the comparison of the four locations, the highest average productivity of physic nut achieved on location Jorongan, Leces, Probolinggo. In general, the data proves that the hybrid result from the crossing shows the higher production level compare to their parental. The dry weight of 100 seeds produced ranged from 54.03 grams to 68.29 grams. Of all four planting sites, it shows that the highest 100 seeds dry weight achieved by the crossing between IP1P-XHS49 which is 64.63 grams. The seed oil content ranged from 27.04 to 35.24 percent. The highest average of seed oil content achieved by the crossing between SM35XSP38 (32.035%).展开更多
This study aims to reveal the students＇ attitude towards the use of Information and Communication Technology （ICT） as learning English Media, to describe the level of their ability to use ICT, and to portray their ...This study aims to reveal the students＇ attitude towards the use of Information and Communication Technology （ICT） as learning English Media, to describe the level of their ability to use ICT, and to portray their difficulties to apply Internet at universities. This study used quantitative and qualitative （mixed） method which consisted of two data collection techniques： questionnaire and interview. Respondents total 153 students who responded to the questionnaire and participants interviewed were four students from two private universities in Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The findings show that students have positive attitude towards ICT use as media for learning English. The data analysis strengthens the results which indicate that Intemet as part oflCT functions helps students to elicit useful information. Of the 99.4% participants respond to the questionnaire which stated strongly agree or agree, its mean score is M = 4.69, and its standard deviation is SD = 0.50. The level of students＇ ability to apply ICT is good. Moreover, interview data indicates that students face two difficulties to apply ICT such as Intemet connection problems and ICT illiteracy. The former is regarding the Intemet facility given by the university. The latter deals with the students＇ incompetence in applying ICT because they have no Intemet use experience.展开更多
One of the problems encountered in the operation of a leachate treatment in a landfill is the quantity of the fluctuating leachate. Therefore, information on the precise prediction about the quantity of leachate produ...One of the problems encountered in the operation of a leachate treatment in a landfill is the quantity of the fluctuating leachate. Therefore, information on the precise prediction about the quantity of leachate produced in a landfill is required. This information can be obtained by using an ANN （artificial neural networks） model. In this study, a prediction on a leachate generation for a period of 15 days was made. The input for the ANN model consists of data such as rainfall, temperature, humidity, duration of solar radiation, and the landfill characteristics, while the output is the leachate landfills production in Minamiashigara, Japan. The ANN algorithm uses a BP （back propagation） with LM （Levenberg-Marquadrt） training type. By using the input-output data pairs, the training of ANN model was conducted in order to obtain the values of the weights that describe the relationship between the input-output data. Furthermore, with the trained ANN model, the prediction of leachate generation for a period of 15 days was made. The study result shows that the prediction accuracy ofleachate generation of ANN-C model, with a correlation coefficient （r） of 0.924, is quite good. Thus, the prediction of leachate generation using artificial neural network model can be recommended for predicting leachate generation in the future. In this study, a prediction on a leachate generation for a period of 15 days was made. The quantity of leachate generation in a landfill can be obtained by using ANN for future periods. By entering data for future periods （t ＋1） in ANN models, the leachate generation for the period （t ＋1） can be predicted.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">The reliability and ease of applying metaheuristic methods in solving large and complex equation systems make it int...<div style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">The reliability and ease of applying metaheuristic methods in solving large and complex equation systems make it interesting to be applied as an alternative solution to solving problems in various fields. This article proves the effectiveness of an optimization model based on the <span style="font-family:Verdana;">m<span style="font-family:Verdana;">etaheuristic method for the analysis of hydraulic parameters of drinking water distribution pipes. The metaheuristic methods explored are Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm, Particle Swam Optimization (PSO) algorithm and CODEQ algorithm. The effectiveness of the three methods is measured relative by comparing the results of the analysis of the three models with the results from Newton Raphson method and Monte Carlo simulation method. The analysis shows that the optimization model based on the DE, PSO and CODEQ algorithms is very effective for solving problems on a simple network that has 6 pipe elements and 5 service nodes. The results obtained have a level of accuracy as good as Newton Raphson method. In the case of complex networks that have 32 pipe elements and 21 service nodes, there is an indication of performance degradation which is indicated by a decrease in fitness value. In this case, Newton Raphson method still shows its consistency. The optimization model based on the metaheuristic method is still far more effective than the Monte Carlo simulation method, although it is not as effective as Newton Raphson method. The Monte Carlo simulation method is not recommended for hydraulic pipe network analysis, even for simple networks.展开更多
Communication inevitably becomes an essential part of interaction among people in every part of the world.Foreign language course provides opportunities for those who need to improve their foreign language skills like...Communication inevitably becomes an essential part of interaction among people in every part of the world.Foreign language course provides opportunities for those who need to improve their foreign language skills like English,French,and German.However,this course finds some obstacles to the learning process like different curriculum,teaching technique,the background of the target language,pattern,as well as its culture.This research aims to dig out the learner’s obstacles and solutions in learning European language on communication at a foreign language course in Malang Raya.As the number of participants who put their interest more in learning European language course is growing,this research applied descriptive quantitative method by taking the population from the learners of European foreign language courses with purposive sampling.Meanwhile,the instrument used was a questionnaire,and it was analyzed by using the percentage formula.The finding shows that the obstacles to learning European communication consist of linguistic and non-linguistic obstacles,whereas the solutions done are various.展开更多
An rGO−like carbon compound has been synthesized from biomass,i.e.,old coconut shell,by a carbonization process followed by heating at 400°C for 5 h.The nitrogen doping was achieved by adding the urea(CH4N2O)and ...An rGO−like carbon compound has been synthesized from biomass,i.e.,old coconut shell,by a carbonization process followed by heating at 400°C for 5 h.The nitrogen doping was achieved by adding the urea(CH4N2O)and stirring at 70°C for 14 h.The morphology and structure of the rGO-like carbon were investigated by electron microscopies and Raman spectroscopy.The presence of C-N functional groups was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared and synchrotron X-ray photoemission spectroscopy,while the particle and the specific capacitance were measured by particle sizer and cyclic voltammetry.The highest specific capacitance of 72.78 F/g is achieved by the sample with 20%urea,having the smallest particles size and the largest surface area.The corresponding sample has shown to be constituted by the appropriate amount of C–N pyrrolic and pyridinic defects.展开更多
Objectives:To examine the association between social media addiction and sleep quality among undergraduate nursing students.Methods:This research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach.Th...Objectives:To examine the association between social media addiction and sleep quality among undergraduate nursing students.Methods:This research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach.The sampling technique was purposive sampling of 150 nursing students at a private university in Malang,Indonesia.Respondents filled out a questionnaire about self-identity,a sleep quality questionnaire from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),and social media addiction from Social Media Addiction Scale(SMAS).This was a bivariate analysis which was conducted using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation test.Results:The results of this study reported that most nursing students were addicted to social media(76%).As for the parameter of the quality variable,most respondents had poor sleep quality,which were about 106 people(70.3%).The result of the Pearson Product Moment Correlation test obtained a P value of 0.000.The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.358.Social media addiction(adjusted odds ratio[OR]4.80,95%confidence interval[CI]=2.08-11.02),gender(adjusted OR 3.79,95%CI=1.58-9.12),and using social media for a long time(adjusted OR 4.21,95%CI=1.97-10.48)were associated with sleep quality.Conclusions:We found that there is an association between social media addiction and sleep quality among nursing students.Furthermore,we might be educating nursing students to manage their time to improve their quality of sleep to avoid any health problems.展开更多
Objective:Uterine fibroids are the most commonly occurring benign solid tumors in women,and laparoscopic or open myomectomy constitutes the primary option for treatment.However,both methods are under debate currently ...Objective:Uterine fibroids are the most commonly occurring benign solid tumors in women,and laparoscopic or open myomectomy constitutes the primary option for treatment.However,both methods are under debate currently in terms of efficacy and safety.In this meta-analysis we assessed the efficacy and safety of the two procedures.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive literature search of PubMed,ScienceDirect,and the Cochrane Library in December 2020.The search terms included“open myomectomy”,“myomectomies”,“laparoscopic”,and“uterine fibroids”.We then selected the randomized control trials published from 1996 to 2019 and compared laparoscopic and open myomectomies.Results:We included 10 studies of 449 patients who underwent laparoscopic myomectomy and 449 patients who underwent open myomectomy.The data revealed that laparoscopic myomectomy was associated with reduced blood loss(MD=-34.43;95%CI,-34.92 to-33.94;p<0.001),an attenuated decline in hemoglobin(MD=-1.04;95%CI,-1.14 to -0.93;p<0.001),less post-operative pain at 24 h(MD=-0.51;95%CI,-0.83 to -0.19;p=0.002),and fewer overall complications(OR=0.42;95%CI,0.24 to 0.71;p=0.001)relative to open myomectomy;but the former possessed a longer operative time(MD=12.96;95%CI,9.94 to 15.97;p<0.001).There were no significant differences in pregnancy rate(OR=1.39;95%CI,0.72 to 2.68;p=0.33)or recurrence rate of postoperative uterine fibroids(OR=1.15;95%CI,0.60 to 2.18;p=0.67)between the two groups.Conclusion:Laparoscopic myomectomy displayed superior results compared to open myomectomy,although the former involved a longer operating time.展开更多
Television as one of the popular culture media plays an important role in the development of students＇ personality and knowledge because it provides countless information and entertainment that can enhance their know...Television as one of the popular culture media plays an important role in the development of students＇ personality and knowledge because it provides countless information and entertainment that can enhance their knowledge as the viewers. This study was conducted to give an idea whether television viewing and parental attention can assist students to take a decision of choosing major at the senior high school. This study used descriptive method which analyzed the correlation among television viewing, parental attention, and the students＇ motivation to choose a major. The sample of this study consisted of 100 students of the state senior high school in Malang, East Java. The finding shows that there is no correlation among television viewing, parental attention, and the students＇ motivation to choose major at the senior high school. In other words, the possibility of choosing the major can be attributed to some other factors such as interest, talent, aspiration, and other expectation to achieve their goals展开更多
Introduction:Bacterial Vaginosis(BV)is the most common cause of vaginal discharge.However,in some cases,side effects and resistance rates have been reported when anti-biotics are administered.This problem has prompted...Introduction:Bacterial Vaginosis(BV)is the most common cause of vaginal discharge.However,in some cases,side effects and resistance rates have been reported when anti-biotics are administered.This problem has prompted several investigations on the administration of probiotics as an adjunct therapy to treat this infection.Objection:This study aims to conduct a meta-analysis based on evidence to determine the efficacy and safety of probiotic and antibiotic treatments.Methods:The meta-analysis was performed using PRISMA guidelines.The literature review was conducted in December 2020 using PubMed,Science Direct,Cochrane Library,and RevMan V.5.3.Result:The results showed a high and significant cure rate from the analysis of 1006 and 528 samples of probiotics and non-probiotics or control in 16 studies.The recurrence rate was statistically significant with probiotic treatment.Furthermore,neither procedures nor therapy failure showed a significantly lower adverse event rate than the control group.Conclusion:Probiotic shows better results compared to the control group.However,both have the same occurrence of adverse event.展开更多
文摘Background: low back pain affects many individuals, with 80% classified as non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) due to mechanical rather than structural issues. The link between pelvic alignment and lumbopelvic-hip rotation movement for NSLBP is controversial. Methods: twenty males with NSLBP and 20 healthy males participated. Data collected included static pelvic asymmetry and active lumbopelvic-hip rotation with motion capture system for kinematic analysis. Results: Unpaired T test was used to compare the difference of kinematic parameters between two groups. NSLBP group showed significantly larger angles between the ASIS-PSIS line and the z-axis (p Conclusion: Evaluations focusing on bone structure alone may be inadequate. A more comprehensive approach including functional assessments like muscle strength and range of motion could be beneficial. Integrating lumbopelvic-hip movement patterns and pelvic symmetry into clinical assessments should be considered, as they may be influenced by physical activity.
文摘Background: Melasma is an acquired pigmentation condition characterized by its refractory nature and a high risk of recurrence. Treatment of melasma is challenging owing to its unclear etiology, stubborn resistance to treatment, and frequent relapses. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of monotherapy and combination therapy(combination of laser and tranexamic acid(TXA)) for the treatment of melasma using a network meta-analysis.Method: The PRISMA guidelines were used in this meta-analysis, with a literature search conducted in reputable sources, such as Cochrane, Science Direct, Pub Med, and Google Scholar.Results: From the initial search, 1 504 relevant studies were identified. After careful analysis, three studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed no significant differences in the Melasma Area and Severity Index(MASI) score between monotherapy(control group) and a combination therapy of laser and TXA. The mean difference in MASI score was 1.87(95% confidence interval(CI),-0.78–4.52;P=0.17), indicating no significant difference between the two treatment approaches. Side effects were more common in the combination treatment group than in the control group. The odds ratio for experiencing side effects was 8.85(95% CI, 1.57–50.01;P=0.01).Conclusion: Both the monotherapy and combination therapy groups showed therapeutic improvement;however,the combination therapy group showed a higher incidence of side effects.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to identify factors predicting diabetes self-management among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Malang City,East Java,Indonesia.Methods:A cross-sectional design was used in this study.Participants were selected from five primary health centers in Malang City,East Java,Indonesia using the multistage sampling method.A total of 127 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited.Data were collected by questionnaires which were the general diabetes knowledge,the Beliefs of Treatment Effectiveness,the Diabetes Distress Scale,the Self-efficacy for Diabetes Scale,the brief Chronic Illness Resources Survey,the Situational Questionnaire and the Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities.A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data.Multiple linear regression with stepwise method was used toanalyze the data.Results:The scores of seven questionnaires(i.e,diabetes knowledge,perceived benefit of diabetes self-management,diabetes distress,perceived self-efficacy,social support,situational influence,and diabetes self-management)were 13.75±3.59,34.9±4.89,3.03±0.86,3.60±0.53,27.79±5.56,3.27±0.58,3.81±1.08,respectively.The significant predictors of diabetes self-management were treatment,perceived self-efficacy,and situational influences.These variables explained 20.8%(adjusted R^(2)=0.208)of the variance in diabetes self-management among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Malang City.Conclusion:Diabetes self-management among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus could be improved by enhancing their perceived self-efficacy to achieve their self-management behavior,such as having a healthy diet,exercising regularly,actively monitoring blood glucose level,taking medication and foot care,and providing support to promote good situational influence.
文摘This study analyses student＇s perception toward the use of lnternet to improve reading comprehension. This study aims： （1） to describe the students＇ perception of the use of Interact as teaching media in learning reading comprehension; （2） to depict the students＇ perception of the importance oflnternet to access information; and （3） to explain the students＇ frequency to access Internet. This study uses the descriptive method to reveal the research problems. A questionnaire is used to collect the data. It consists of 20 questions with five options to reveal the students＇ perception of the use of Internet. The questionnaire is distributed to 120 students who took reading subject at the University of Muhammadiyah Malang. The study shows that （1） The students＇ perception toward the use of Internet to improve Reading Comprehension subject is positive; （2） According to the students, the use of Internet to access reading materials is very important; and （3） The students frequently access Internet to find the reading materials.
文摘Hibridization is one of breeding strategy to increase productivity of crop including physic nut (Jatropha curcas Linn.). This study aimed to obtain information productivity per hectare and seed oil content of 11 numbers of physic nut hybrids and their parental in four dry lands. The research was conducted in four dry land: Kalipare-Malang, Oro-oro Pule-Kejayan Pasuruan, Kedung Pengaron-Pasuruan and Jorongan-Leces Probolinggo. The materials used in this research are the eleven result numbers of physic nut hybrids, they are SP38XHS49, SP8XHS49, SP8XSP16, SP8XSP38, SP33XHS49, SM35XHS49, SM35XSP38, IP1AXHS49, IP1AXSP38, IP1PXHS 49, IP1PXSP38, and their parental, they are HS49, SP16, SP38, SP8, SP33, SM35, IP1A, IP1P, IP3P. Observation was done during the plants’ generative phase, on the second harvest. The results showed that SP38XHS49 hybrid on Kedung Pengaron, produces the highest seeds dry weight per hectare (1170 kg/ha) with 62.33 gram of dry weight of 100 seeds and the oil content is 32.56%. The highest average of dry seed productions from all planting sites achieved on the crossing between SP38XHS49 (658.75 kg/hectare) and followed by SP8XHS49 (607.5 kg/hectare). If the comparison of the four locations, the highest average productivity of physic nut achieved on location Jorongan, Leces, Probolinggo. In general, the data proves that the hybrid result from the crossing shows the higher production level compare to their parental. The dry weight of 100 seeds produced ranged from 54.03 grams to 68.29 grams. Of all four planting sites, it shows that the highest 100 seeds dry weight achieved by the crossing between IP1P-XHS49 which is 64.63 grams. The seed oil content ranged from 27.04 to 35.24 percent. The highest average of seed oil content achieved by the crossing between SM35XSP38 (32.035%).
文摘This study aims to reveal the students＇ attitude towards the use of Information and Communication Technology （ICT） as learning English Media, to describe the level of their ability to use ICT, and to portray their difficulties to apply Internet at universities. This study used quantitative and qualitative （mixed） method which consisted of two data collection techniques： questionnaire and interview. Respondents total 153 students who responded to the questionnaire and participants interviewed were four students from two private universities in Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The findings show that students have positive attitude towards ICT use as media for learning English. The data analysis strengthens the results which indicate that Intemet as part oflCT functions helps students to elicit useful information. Of the 99.4% participants respond to the questionnaire which stated strongly agree or agree, its mean score is M = 4.69, and its standard deviation is SD = 0.50. The level of students＇ ability to apply ICT is good. Moreover, interview data indicates that students face two difficulties to apply ICT such as Intemet connection problems and ICT illiteracy. The former is regarding the Intemet facility given by the university. The latter deals with the students＇ incompetence in applying ICT because they have no Intemet use experience.
文摘One of the problems encountered in the operation of a leachate treatment in a landfill is the quantity of the fluctuating leachate. Therefore, information on the precise prediction about the quantity of leachate produced in a landfill is required. This information can be obtained by using an ANN （artificial neural networks） model. In this study, a prediction on a leachate generation for a period of 15 days was made. The input for the ANN model consists of data such as rainfall, temperature, humidity, duration of solar radiation, and the landfill characteristics, while the output is the leachate landfills production in Minamiashigara, Japan. The ANN algorithm uses a BP （back propagation） with LM （Levenberg-Marquadrt） training type. By using the input-output data pairs, the training of ANN model was conducted in order to obtain the values of the weights that describe the relationship between the input-output data. Furthermore, with the trained ANN model, the prediction of leachate generation for a period of 15 days was made. The study result shows that the prediction accuracy ofleachate generation of ANN-C model, with a correlation coefficient （r） of 0.924, is quite good. Thus, the prediction of leachate generation using artificial neural network model can be recommended for predicting leachate generation in the future. In this study, a prediction on a leachate generation for a period of 15 days was made. The quantity of leachate generation in a landfill can be obtained by using ANN for future periods. By entering data for future periods （t ＋1） in ANN models, the leachate generation for the period （t ＋1） can be predicted.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">The reliability and ease of applying metaheuristic methods in solving large and complex equation systems make it interesting to be applied as an alternative solution to solving problems in various fields. This article proves the effectiveness of an optimization model based on the <span style="font-family:Verdana;">m<span style="font-family:Verdana;">etaheuristic method for the analysis of hydraulic parameters of drinking water distribution pipes. The metaheuristic methods explored are Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm, Particle Swam Optimization (PSO) algorithm and CODEQ algorithm. The effectiveness of the three methods is measured relative by comparing the results of the analysis of the three models with the results from Newton Raphson method and Monte Carlo simulation method. The analysis shows that the optimization model based on the DE, PSO and CODEQ algorithms is very effective for solving problems on a simple network that has 6 pipe elements and 5 service nodes. The results obtained have a level of accuracy as good as Newton Raphson method. In the case of complex networks that have 32 pipe elements and 21 service nodes, there is an indication of performance degradation which is indicated by a decrease in fitness value. In this case, Newton Raphson method still shows its consistency. The optimization model based on the metaheuristic method is still far more effective than the Monte Carlo simulation method, although it is not as effective as Newton Raphson method. The Monte Carlo simulation method is not recommended for hydraulic pipe network analysis, even for simple networks.
文摘Communication inevitably becomes an essential part of interaction among people in every part of the world.Foreign language course provides opportunities for those who need to improve their foreign language skills like English,French,and German.However,this course finds some obstacles to the learning process like different curriculum,teaching technique,the background of the target language,pattern,as well as its culture.This research aims to dig out the learner’s obstacles and solutions in learning European language on communication at a foreign language course in Malang Raya.As the number of participants who put their interest more in learning European language course is growing,this research applied descriptive quantitative method by taking the population from the learners of European foreign language courses with purposive sampling.Meanwhile,the instrument used was a questionnaire,and it was analyzed by using the percentage formula.The finding shows that the obstacles to learning European communication consist of linguistic and non-linguistic obstacles,whereas the solutions done are various.
基金supported by“Hibah Penelitian Dasar Kompetitif Nasional”,Ministry of Education,Culture,Research and Technology,Indonesia,2021–2022(D).The use of the synchrotron XPES facility at SLRI(Public Organization),Thailand,and some experimental facilities at UNIMAP and UPM,Malaysia,would also be appreciated.
文摘An rGO−like carbon compound has been synthesized from biomass,i.e.,old coconut shell,by a carbonization process followed by heating at 400°C for 5 h.The nitrogen doping was achieved by adding the urea(CH4N2O)and stirring at 70°C for 14 h.The morphology and structure of the rGO-like carbon were investigated by electron microscopies and Raman spectroscopy.The presence of C-N functional groups was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared and synchrotron X-ray photoemission spectroscopy,while the particle and the specific capacitance were measured by particle sizer and cyclic voltammetry.The highest specific capacitance of 72.78 F/g is achieved by the sample with 20%urea,having the smallest particles size and the largest surface area.The corresponding sample has shown to be constituted by the appropriate amount of C–N pyrrolic and pyridinic defects.
文摘Objectives:To examine the association between social media addiction and sleep quality among undergraduate nursing students.Methods:This research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach.The sampling technique was purposive sampling of 150 nursing students at a private university in Malang,Indonesia.Respondents filled out a questionnaire about self-identity,a sleep quality questionnaire from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),and social media addiction from Social Media Addiction Scale(SMAS).This was a bivariate analysis which was conducted using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation test.Results:The results of this study reported that most nursing students were addicted to social media(76%).As for the parameter of the quality variable,most respondents had poor sleep quality,which were about 106 people(70.3%).The result of the Pearson Product Moment Correlation test obtained a P value of 0.000.The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.358.Social media addiction(adjusted odds ratio[OR]4.80,95%confidence interval[CI]=2.08-11.02),gender(adjusted OR 3.79,95%CI=1.58-9.12),and using social media for a long time(adjusted OR 4.21,95%CI=1.97-10.48)were associated with sleep quality.Conclusions:We found that there is an association between social media addiction and sleep quality among nursing students.Furthermore,we might be educating nursing students to manage their time to improve their quality of sleep to avoid any health problems.
文摘Objective:Uterine fibroids are the most commonly occurring benign solid tumors in women,and laparoscopic or open myomectomy constitutes the primary option for treatment.However,both methods are under debate currently in terms of efficacy and safety.In this meta-analysis we assessed the efficacy and safety of the two procedures.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive literature search of PubMed,ScienceDirect,and the Cochrane Library in December 2020.The search terms included“open myomectomy”,“myomectomies”,“laparoscopic”,and“uterine fibroids”.We then selected the randomized control trials published from 1996 to 2019 and compared laparoscopic and open myomectomies.Results:We included 10 studies of 449 patients who underwent laparoscopic myomectomy and 449 patients who underwent open myomectomy.The data revealed that laparoscopic myomectomy was associated with reduced blood loss(MD=-34.43;95%CI,-34.92 to-33.94;p<0.001),an attenuated decline in hemoglobin(MD=-1.04;95%CI,-1.14 to -0.93;p<0.001),less post-operative pain at 24 h(MD=-0.51;95%CI,-0.83 to -0.19;p=0.002),and fewer overall complications(OR=0.42;95%CI,0.24 to 0.71;p=0.001)relative to open myomectomy;but the former possessed a longer operative time(MD=12.96;95%CI,9.94 to 15.97;p<0.001).There were no significant differences in pregnancy rate(OR=1.39;95%CI,0.72 to 2.68;p=0.33)or recurrence rate of postoperative uterine fibroids(OR=1.15;95%CI,0.60 to 2.18;p=0.67)between the two groups.Conclusion:Laparoscopic myomectomy displayed superior results compared to open myomectomy,although the former involved a longer operating time.
文摘Television as one of the popular culture media plays an important role in the development of students＇ personality and knowledge because it provides countless information and entertainment that can enhance their knowledge as the viewers. This study was conducted to give an idea whether television viewing and parental attention can assist students to take a decision of choosing major at the senior high school. This study used descriptive method which analyzed the correlation among television viewing, parental attention, and the students＇ motivation to choose a major. The sample of this study consisted of 100 students of the state senior high school in Malang, East Java. The finding shows that there is no correlation among television viewing, parental attention, and the students＇ motivation to choose major at the senior high school. In other words, the possibility of choosing the major can be attributed to some other factors such as interest, talent, aspiration, and other expectation to achieve their goals
文摘Introduction:Bacterial Vaginosis(BV)is the most common cause of vaginal discharge.However,in some cases,side effects and resistance rates have been reported when anti-biotics are administered.This problem has prompted several investigations on the administration of probiotics as an adjunct therapy to treat this infection.Objection:This study aims to conduct a meta-analysis based on evidence to determine the efficacy and safety of probiotic and antibiotic treatments.Methods:The meta-analysis was performed using PRISMA guidelines.The literature review was conducted in December 2020 using PubMed,Science Direct,Cochrane Library,and RevMan V.5.3.Result:The results showed a high and significant cure rate from the analysis of 1006 and 528 samples of probiotics and non-probiotics or control in 16 studies.The recurrence rate was statistically significant with probiotic treatment.Furthermore,neither procedures nor therapy failure showed a significantly lower adverse event rate than the control group.Conclusion:Probiotic shows better results compared to the control group.However,both have the same occurrence of adverse event.
