The high prevalence of diabetes has become a major public health issue worldwide[1], particularly in middle-and low-income countries[2]. The prevalence of diabetes in China, the largest developing country,has more tha...The high prevalence of diabetes has become a major public health issue worldwide[1], particularly in middle-and low-income countries[2]. The prevalence of diabetes in China, the largest developing country,has more than quadrupled in recent decades, and many cases of diabetes are undiagnosed[3]. The problem with missed diabetes diagnoses is a challenge faced both by China and the rest of the world[4].展开更多
A double burden of overweight/obesity and malnutrition during childhood is a major concern in China.Dietary intakes in this critical period affect children’s physical and cognitive development,and also have health co...A double burden of overweight/obesity and malnutrition during childhood is a major concern in China.Dietary intakes in this critical period affect children’s physical and cognitive development,and also have health consequences in later life.Therefore,establishing healthy eating habits that will endure is crucial for children.Nutrition education is an effective way in improving nutrition knowledge and attitudes,and healthy eating behaviors.Diverse forms of nutrition improvement programs that targeting children,family,teachers,and school settings have been conducted in many developed countries.However,due to the differences of genetic background,household environment as well as dietary patterns between Chinese children and children from other countries,the existing nutrition education programs for children abroad might not be appropriate for children in China.Thus,nutrition education programs that consider Chinese nutrition-related policies and food supply as well as the local educational resources are required for Chinese children.This review summarized nutrition-related policies and legislations in China and developed countries.A series of evidence-based nutrition education programs that combined educational strategies and environmental supports conducted in the Southwest China Childhood Nutrition and Growth Study were presented.These programs can serve as example models for adopting nutrition interventions to improve nutrition and health status of children in different regions of China.展开更多
The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)has provided insight into the tumour immune microenvironment(TIME).This review focuses on the application of scRNA-seq in investigation of the TIME.Over time,scRNA-se...The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)has provided insight into the tumour immune microenvironment(TIME).This review focuses on the application of scRNA-seq in investigation of the TIME.Over time,scRNA-seq methods have evolved,and components of the TIME have been deciphered with high resolution.In this review,we first introduced the principle of scRNA-seq and compared different sequencing approaches.Novel cell types in the TIME,a continuous transitional state,and mutual intercommunication among TIME components present potential targets for prognosis prediction and treatment in cancer.Thus,we concluded novel cell clusters of cancerassociated fibroblasts(CAFs),T cells,tumour-associated macrophages(TAMs)and dendritic cells(DCs)discovered after the application of scRNA-seq in TIME.We also proposed the development of TAMs and exhausted T cells,as well as the possible targets to interrupt the process.In addition,the therapeutic interventions based on cellular interactions in TIME were also summarized.For decades,quantification of the TIME components has been adopted in clinical practice to predict patient survival and response to therapy and is expected to play an important role in the precise treatment of cancer.Summarizing the current findings,we believe that advances in technology and wide application of single-cell analysis can lead to the discovery of novel perspectives on cancer therapy,which can subsequently be implemented in the clinic.Finally,we propose some future directions in the field of TIME studies that can be aided by scRNA-seq technology.展开更多
BACKGROUND Our previous study reported that the single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)rs155979 GC in the promoter region of long-chain non-coding RNA(lncRNA)NONHSAT102891 affects depression susceptibility in a Chinese po...BACKGROUND Our previous study reported that the single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)rs155979 GC in the promoter region of long-chain non-coding RNA(lncRNA)NONHSAT102891 affects depression susceptibility in a Chinese population.AIM To explored associations of two SNPs and haplotypes in the lncRNA NONHSAT102891 promoter region with depression susceptibility in Chinese population.METHODS This this case-control association study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Chengdu Medical College(approval number:201815).Patient diagnosis was based on DSM-IV criteria.We selected a total of 480 patients with depression and 329 healthy controls with no history of psychopathology,and performed genotyping of two SNPs by extracting peripheral venous blood samples from the subjects.The function of the two lncRNA NONHSAT102891 promoter G/C and A/T haplotypes was detected by dual-luciferase reporter assays of human embryonic kidney 293T transfected cells.RESULTS Stratified analysis of clinical and genotypic characteristics of our cohort showed that the degree of mild depressive episodes associated with the rs6230 TC/CC genotype increased by 1.59 times[TC/CC vs TT:odds ratio(OR)=1.59,95%confidence interval(CI):1.08-2.35,P=0.019].The haploid analysis revealed linkage disequilibrium between rs3792747 and rs6230,and the double SNP CG haplotype was more common in the control group compared to case group,indicating that this haplotype significantly reduced the risk of depression(C/G vs T/A:OR=0.42,95%CI:0.21-0.83,P=0.01).There was no significant difference in the dual-luciferase reporter activity of the G/C and A/T haplotypes compared with the control group(P>0.05),indicating that the double SNP haplotype has no transcrip-tional activity.CONCLUSION The rs3792747 and rs6230 CG haplotypes of the lncRNA NONHSA T102891 promoter may be related to a reduced risk of depression in the Han Chinese population.展开更多
Dental pulp can initiate its damage repair after an injury of the pulp–dentin complex by rearrangement of odontoblasts and formation of newly differentiated odontoblast-like cells.Connexin 43(Cx43)is one of the gap j...Dental pulp can initiate its damage repair after an injury of the pulp–dentin complex by rearrangement of odontoblasts and formation of newly differentiated odontoblast-like cells.Connexin 43(Cx43)is one of the gap junction proteins that participates in multiple tissue repair processes.However,the role of Cx43 in the repair of the dental pulp remains unclear.This study aimed to determine the function of Cx43 in the odontoblast arrangement patterns and odontoblastic differentiation.Human teeth for in vitro experiments were acquired,and a pulp injury model in Sprague-Dawley rats was used for in vivo analysis.The odontoblast arrangement pattern and the expression of Cx43 and dentin sialophosphoprotein(DSPP)were assessed.To investigate the function of Cx43 in odontoblastic differentiation,we overexpressed or inhibited Cx43.The results indicated that polarized odontoblasts were arranged along the pulp–dentin interface and had high levels of Cx43 expression in the healthy teeth;however,the odontoblast arrangement pattern was slightly changed concomitant to an increase in the Cx43 expression in the carious teeth.Regularly arranged odontoblast-like cells had high levels of the Cx43 expression during the formation of mature dentin,but the odontoblastlike cells were not regularly arranged beneath immature osteodentin in the pulp injury models.Subsequent in vitro experiments demonstrated that Cx43 is upregulated during odontoblastic differentiation of the dental pulp cells,and inhibition or overexpression of Cx43 influence the odontoblastic differentiation.Thus,Cx43 may be involved in the maintenance of odontoblast arrangement patterns,and influence the pulp repair outcomes by the regulation of odontoblastic differentiation.展开更多
Objectives This paper aimed to investigate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus(DM)and explore the associated risk factors in a very elderly southwest Chinese population.Methods From September 2015 to June 2016,a cross...Objectives This paper aimed to investigate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus(DM)and explore the associated risk factors in a very elderly southwest Chinese population.Methods From September 2015 to June 2016,a cross-sectional survey was conducted to obtain a representative sample of 1,326 participants over 80 years old living in Chengdu.The presence of DM was based on fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and 2-h plasma glucose(2-h PG)levels during an oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT).A logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)of the potential associated factors.Results The participants’mean age was 83.5±3.1 years.The overall prevalence of DM was 27.4%.The prevalence was higher in males(30.2%)than females(24.7%)(P=0.02).The prevalence of DM increased with body mass index(BMI)and decreased with aging.The multivariate analysis suggested that male sex(OR=1.433;95%CI,1.116–1.843),hypertension(OR=1.439;95%CI,1.079–1.936),overweight or obesity(OR=1.371;95%CI,1.023–1.834),high heart rate(≥75 beats/min;OR=1.362;95%CI,1.063–1.746),and abdominal obesity(OR=1.615;95%CI,1.216–2.149)were all significantly positively correlated with DM.However,age was negatively correlated with DM(OR=0.952;95%CI,0.916–0.989).Conclusions The prevalence of DM and newly diagnosed DM in a very elderly southwest Chinese population was high.OGTT screening should be performed regularly in people aged≥80 years to ensure timely diagnosis of DM.展开更多
Background:The“two-week visiting rate in those needing to visit”has been examined extensively as an important indicator of healthcare seeking behavior in China.Nevertheless,its relationship with health behaviors,suc...Background:The“two-week visiting rate in those needing to visit”has been examined extensively as an important indicator of healthcare seeking behavior in China.Nevertheless,its relationship with health behaviors,such as physical activity,remains unknown.In addition,a significant difference exists between urban and rural Chinese people in terms of physical activity and healthcare seeking behavior.This study sought to investigate the relationship between physical activity and the two-week visiting rate by conducting a stratified analysis.Methods:The analysis included 5,801 participants aged above 15 years old.Multivariable logistic regression was applied to analyze the association after adjusting for possible confounding variables.Urban and rural differences were investigated using stratified analysis.Results:Adjusted estimates showed that those who were physically active were more likely to visit a healthcare facility,but only among the whole sample(adjusted odds ratio(AOR)=1.45,95%confidence interval(CI):1.26.1.66)and the rural sample(AOR=1.56,95%CI:1.21.2.01),and not among the urban sample.Conclusions:Educating people on physical activity may help in improving healthcare seeking behavior and vice versa.Additionally,health interventions may be tailored based on different settings.展开更多
Fibrosis is the end-stage change of damaged tissues in various human diseases,which can lead to permanent scarring or organ malfunction.Hypoxia leads to oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction,and inflammation in d...Fibrosis is the end-stage change of damaged tissues in various human diseases,which can lead to permanent scarring or organ malfunction.Hypoxia leads to oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction,and inflammation in dysfunctional organs and tissues.Oxidative stress resulting from the overproduction of reactive oxygen species plays a central role in the fibrosis of injured organs.This review addresses the updated knowledge of the relationship between hypoxia and tissue fibrosis mediated by the reactive oxygen species pathway.Moreover,novel anti-fibrotic strategies are discussed,which may suppress reactive oxygen species and organ fibrosis.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zhumian Tang formula granules(助眠汤配方颗粒)combined with eszopiclone for treating poor sleep quality.METHODS:This multi-center,dynamic blockrandomized,parallel-group ...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zhumian Tang formula granules(助眠汤配方颗粒)combined with eszopiclone for treating poor sleep quality.METHODS:This multi-center,dynamic blockrandomized,parallel-group superiority clinical trial included 130 patients.The combined treatment group received Zhumian Tang formula granules combined with eszopiclone treatment,and the control group received eszopiclone treatment only.The group allocation ratio was 1∶1.The duration of treatment was 2 weeks.Participants were asked to complete questionnaires before treatment,after 1 week of the intervention,after 2 weeks of the intervention,and at the follow-up on week 3.The primary outcomes were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)score and the total effective rate of treatment.The secondary outcome was the rate of adverse effects.RESULTS:Compared with the eszopiclone treatment group,the PSQI score of the combined treatment group was significantly lower after 2 weeks of the intervention(6.98 vs 8.26,P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the mean PSQI score after 1 week of the intervention(9.89 vs 9.15,P=0.124).After the follow-up on week 3,the PSQI score of the combined treatment group remained significantly lower than that of the eszopiclone treatment group(6.12 vs 8.31,P<0.001).The total effective rates of treatment of the combined group and the eszopiclone group were 36.92%vs 35.38%(Z=0.033,P=0.855)after 1 week of the intervention,83.08%vs 58.46%(Z=9.519,P<0.05)after 2 weeks of the intervention,and 83.08%vs 61.54%(Z=7.530,P<0.05)and after the follow-up on week 3,respectively.There was no significant difference in the overall rate of adverse reactions between the combined and eszopiclone treatment groups(21.53%vs 31.8%,P=0.318).CONCLUSION:The combination of Zhumian Tang formula granules with eszopiclone was found to be safe and more effective in improving sleep quality than eszopiclone alone.Traditional Chinese medicine can enhance the effectiveness of Western medicine in the treatment of insomnia.展开更多
Background: Human migration facilitate the spread of tuberculosis(TB).Migrants face an increased risk of TB infection.In this study,we aim to explore the spatial inequity of sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB(SS+PTB)i...Background: Human migration facilitate the spread of tuberculosis(TB).Migrants face an increased risk of TB infection.In this study,we aim to explore the spatial inequity of sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB(SS+PTB)in China;and the spatial heterogeneity between SS+PTB and internal migration.Methods:: Notified SS+PTB cases in 31 provinces in China's Mainland were obtained from the national web-based PTB surveillance system database.Internal migrant data were extracted from the report on China’s migrant population development.Spatial autocorrelations were explored using the global Moran’s statistic and local indicators of spatial association.The spatial variation in temporal trends was performed using Kulldorff’s scan statistic.Fixed effect and spatial autoregressive models were used to explore the spatial inequity between SS+PTB and internal migration.Results: A total of 2380233 SS+PTB cases were reported in China between 2011 and 2017,of which,1716382(72.11%)were male and 663851(27.89%)were female.Over 70%of internal migrants were from rural households and had lower income and less education.The spatial variation in temporal trend results showed that there was an 9.9%average annual decrease in the notification rate of SS+PTB from 2011 to 2017;and spatial clustering of SS+PTB cases was mainly located in western and southern China.The spatial autocorrelation results revealed spatial clustering of internal migration each year(2011–2017),and the clusters were stable within most provinces.Internal emigration,urban-to-rural migration and GDP per capita were significantly associated with SS+PTB,further,internal emigration could explain more variation in SS+PTB in the eastern region in mainland.However,internal immigration and rural-to-urban migration were not significantly associated with SS+PTB across China.Conclusions: Our study found the spatial inequity between SS+PTB and internal migration.Internal emigration,urban-to-rural migration and GDP per capita were statistically associated with SS+PTB;the negative association was identified between internal emigration,urban-to-rural migration and SS+PTB.Further,we found those migrants with lower income and less education,and most of them were from rural households.These findings can help stakeholders to implement effective PTB control strategies for areas at high risk of PTB and those with high rates of internal migration.展开更多
To the Editor:Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)is well recognized as a pediatric infectious disease caused by a group of enteroviruses(EVs)with global distribution.Currently,the HFMD is still one among the major threa...To the Editor:Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)is well recognized as a pediatric infectious disease caused by a group of enteroviruses(EVs)with global distribution.Currently,the HFMD is still one among the major threats to the health of children in China,with estimated 20,537,199 cases,resulting in 3667 deaths in 2018.[1]Available data indicated that most of HFMD cases were caused by serotypes of enterovirus 71(EV-71)and coxsackievirus A16(CV-A16).EV-71 was found to be predominant among severe and fatal cases.Initiated from 2015,three inactivated monovalent EV-71 vaccines were licensed in China and proved with high protective efficacy against HFMD caused by EV-71 but no cross-protection for non-EV-71 serotypes,[2]and the EVs exhibit highly geographical diversity and serotype diversity.Recently,concerns have raised for the outbreaks of CV-A6 and CV-A10 with severe cases,as well as emerging of rare serotypes such as echo virus 11 and echo virus 30.The inadequate coverage of vaccine protection,the geographical diversity,and changing spectrum of HFMD etiology still challenge the comprehensive HFMD prevention and control in China.Information regarding the broad feature of HFMD epidemiology,and the shifting of viral genetic diversity and evolution dynamic as EV-71 vaccination progressing,are still limited.Thus,we conducted a comprehensive retrospective analysis on the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of HFMD in Sichuan Province from 2014 to 2019 before and after the introduction of EV-71 vaccines,which was expected to help better HFMD prevention and control in this area.展开更多
BACKGROUND Standard liver weight(SLW)is frequently used in deceased donor liver transplantation to avoid size mismatches with the recipient.However,some deceased donors(DDs)have fatty liver(FL).A few studies have repo...BACKGROUND Standard liver weight(SLW)is frequently used in deceased donor liver transplantation to avoid size mismatches with the recipient.However,some deceased donors(DDs)have fatty liver(FL).A few studies have reported that FL could impact liver size.To the best of our knowledge,there are no relevant SLW models for predicting liver size.AIM To demonstrate the relationship between FL and total liver weight(TLW)in detail and present a related SLW formula.METHODS We prospectively enrolled 212 adult DDs from West China Hospital of Sichuan University from June 2019 to February 2021,recorded their basic information,such as sex,age,body height(BH)and body weight(BW),and performed abdominal ultrasound(US)and pathological biopsy(PB).The chi-square test and kappa consistency score were used to assess the consistency in terms of FL diagnosed by US relative to PB.Simple linear regression analysis was used to explore the variables related to TLW.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to formulate SLW models,and the root mean standard error and interclass correlation coefficient were used to test the fitting efficiency and accuracy of the model,respectively.Furthermore,the optimal formula was compared with previous formulas.RESULTS Approximately 28.8%of DDs had FL.US had a high diagnostic ability(sensitivity and specificity were 86.2%and 92.9%,respectively;kappa value was 0.70,P<0.001)for livers with more than a 5%fatty change.Simple linear regression analysis showed that sex(R2,0.226;P<0.001),BH(R2,0.241;P<0.001),BW(R2,0.441;P<0.001),BMI(R2,0.224;P<0.001),BSA(R2,0.454;P<0.001)and FL(R2,0.130;P<0.001)significantly impacted TLW.In addition,multiple linear regression analysis showed that there was no significant difference in liver weight between the DDs with no steatosis and those with steatosis within 5%.Furthermore,in the context of hepatic steatosis,TLW increased positively(nonlinear);compared with the TLW of the non-FL group,the TLW of the groups with hepatic steatosis within 5%,between 5%and 20%and more than 20%increased by 0 g,90 g,and 340 g,respectively.A novel formula,namely,-348.6+(110.7 x Sex[0=Female,1=Male])+958.0 x BSA+(179.8 x FLUS[0=No,1=Yes]),where FL was diagnosed by US,was more convenient and accurate than any other formula for predicting SLW.CONCLUSION FL is positively correlated with TLW.The novel formula deduced using sex,BSA and FLUS is the optimal formula for predicting SLW in adult DDs.展开更多
Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1124(LINC01124)has been identified as an important regulator of non-small-cell lung cancer.However,the expression and detailed role of LINC01124 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)r...Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1124(LINC01124)has been identified as an important regulator of non-small-cell lung cancer.However,the expression and detailed role of LINC01124 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remain unestablished to date.Therefore,this study aimed to elucidate the role of LINC01124 in the aggressiveness of HCC cells and identify the underlying regulatory mechanism.Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed to measure the expression of LINC01124 in HCC.Cell Counting Kit-8 assay,Transwell cell migration and invasion assays,and a xenograft tumor model were used to investigate the function of LINC01124 in HCC cells,and bioinformatics analysis,RNA immunoprecipitation,luciferase reporter assay,and rescue experiments were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.Herein,LINC01124 overexpression was confirmed in HCC tissues as well as cell lines.Further,the downregulation of LINC01124 decreased HCC cell proliferation,migration,and invasion in vitro,whereas the upregulation of LINC01124 triggered the opposite results.Additionally,LINC01124 ablation impaired tumor growth in vivo.Mechanistic analyses revealed that LINC01124 functions as a competing endogenous RNA to sponge microRNA-1247-5p(miR-1247-5p)in HCC cells.Moreover,forkhead box O3(FOXO3)was identified as a direct target of miR-1247-5p.FOXO3 was positively regulated by LINC01124 in HCC cells through the sequestration of miR-1247-5p.Finally,rescue assays revealed that the inhibition of miR-1247-5p or overexpression of FOXO3 reversed the effects of LINC01124 silencing on the HCC cell malignant phenotype.In summary,LINC01124 plays a tumor-promoting role in HCC by regulating the miR-1247-5p-FOXO3 axis.The LINC01124-miR-1247-5p-FOXO3 pathway may provide a foundation for the identification of alternative therapies for HCC.展开更多
To the Editor:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),a clinical syndrome encompassing a spectrum of chronic,progressive,and debilitating respiratory disorders,is increasingly recognized as a multisystemic heterog...To the Editor:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),a clinical syndrome encompassing a spectrum of chronic,progressive,and debilitating respiratory disorders,is increasingly recognized as a multisystemic heterogeneous disease.[1]Because the characteristics of East Asian COPD patients differ from those of Westerners,it would be practical to investigate whether variations in COPD genetic performance exist between East Asian and Western populations.展开更多
China faces a substantial burdensome pandemic of obesity.Recent data from the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention suggested that over an estimated 8.1%of Chinese adults(85 million Chinese adults)had obes...China faces a substantial burdensome pandemic of obesity.Recent data from the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention suggested that over an estimated 8.1%of Chinese adults(85 million Chinese adults)had obesity in 2018,which was three times the level in 2004.[1]To understand the trends of overweight and obesity in China,we accessed the country/territory-level year-specific data of age-standardized summary exposure value(SEV,standing for the pooled proportion among the population),deaths,and disability-adjusted life of years(DALYs)for high body mass index(BMI,high BMI was defined as the BMI level higher than theoretical minimum risk exposure level[25 kg/m2])and its associated diseases for 204 countries/territories between 1990 and 2019 using data from the Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network.[2]Previous literature described detailed methods for the data synthesis.[3,4]Using the country/territory-level data by year,we calculated the estimated annual percentage changes(EAPCs)with 95%uncertainty intervals(UI)to estimate the annual changing patterns of age-standardized SEV,death,and DALY rates among 204 countries/territories.To compare statistics from China and other regions,we calculated the corresponding estimates from regions including global,North Africa and Middle East,Sub-Saharan Africa,Western Pacific Region,European Union,Latin America and Caribbean,and South Asia.展开更多
Background:Internal migration places individuals at high risk of contracting tuberculosis(TB).However,there is a scarcity of national-level spatial analyses regarding the association between TB and internal migration ...Background:Internal migration places individuals at high risk of contracting tuberculosis(TB).However,there is a scarcity of national-level spatial analyses regarding the association between TB and internal migration in China.In our research,we aimed to explore the spatial variation in cases of sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB(SS+PTB)in China;and the associations between SS+PTB,internal migration,socioeconomic factors,and demographic factors in the country between 2005 and 2015.Methods:Reported cases of SS+PTB were obtained from the national PTB surveillance system database;cases were obtained at the provincial level.Internal migration data were extracted from the national population sampling survey and the census.Spatial autocorrelations were explored using the global Moran’s statistic and local indicators of spatial association.The spatial temporal analysis was performed using Kulldorff’s scan statistic.Fixed effects regression was used to explore the association between SS+PTB and internal migration.Results:A total of 4708563 SS+PTB cases were reported in China between 2005 and 2015,of which 3376011(71.7%)were male and 1332552(28.3%)were female.There was a trend towards decreasing rates of SS+PTB notifications between 2005 and 2015.The result of global spatial autocorrelation indicated that there were significant spatial correlations between SS+PTB rate and internal migration each year(2005–2015).Spatial clustering of SS+PTB cases was mainly located in central and southern China and overlapped with the clusters of emigration.The proportions of emigrants and immigrants were significantly associated with SS+PTB.Per capita GDP and education level were negatively associated with SS+PTB.The internal migration flow maps indicated that migrants preferred neighboring provinces,with most migrating for work or business.Conclusions:This study found a significant spatial autocorrelation between SS+PTB and internal migration.Both emigration and immigration were statistically associated with SS+PTB,and the association with emigration was stronger than that for immigration.Further,we found that SS+PTB clusters overlapped with emigration clusters,and the internal migration flow maps suggested that migrants from SS+PTB clusters may influence the TB epidemic characteristics of neighboring provinces.These findings can help stakeholders to implement effective PTB control strategies for areas at high risk of PTB and those with high rates of internal migrants.展开更多
Background:The coronavirus disease(COVID-19)has been identified as the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness in Wuhan,Hubei Province,China beginning in December 2019.As of 31 January 2020,this epidemic had sprea...Background:The coronavirus disease(COVID-19)has been identified as the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness in Wuhan,Hubei Province,China beginning in December 2019.As of 31 January 2020,this epidemic had spread to 19 countries with 11791 confirmed cases,including 213 deaths.The World Health Organization has declared it a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.Methods:A scoping review was conducted following the methodological framework suggested by Arksey and O'Malley.In this scoping review,65 research articles published before 31 January 2020 were analyzed and discussed to better understand the epidemiology,causes,clinical diagnosis,prevention and control of this virus.The research domains,dates of publication,journal language,authors'affiliations,and methodological characteristics were included in the analysis.All the findings and statements in this review regarding the outbreak are based on published information as listed in the references.Results:Most of the publications were written using the English language(89.2%).The largest proportion of published articles were related to causes(38.5%)and a majority(67.7%)were published by Chinese scholars.Research articles initially focused on causes,but over time there was an increase of the articles related to prevention and control.Studies thus far have shown that the virus7 origination is in connection to a seafood market in Wuhan,but specific animal associations have not been confirmed.Reported symptoms include fever,cough,fatigue,pneumonia,headache,diarrhea,hemoptysis,and dyspnea.Preventive measures such as masks,hand hygiene practices,avoidance of public contact,case detection,contact tracing,and quarantines have been discussed as ways to reduce transmission.To date,no specific antiviral treatment has proven effective;hence,infected people primarily rely on symptomatic treatment and supportive care.Conclusions:There has been a rapid surge in research in response to the outbreak of COVID-19.During this early period,published research primarily explored the epidemiology,causes,clinical manifestation and diagnosis,as well as prevention and control of the novel coronavirus.Although these studies are relevant to control the current public emergency,more high-quality research is needed to provide valid and reliable ways to manage this kind of public health emergency in both the short-and long-term.展开更多
Interleukin(IL)-1β, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, was elevated and participates in periodontitis. Not only the link between IL-1β and periodontitis was proved by clinical evidence, but also the increased IL-1β trigg...Interleukin(IL)-1β, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, was elevated and participates in periodontitis. Not only the link between IL-1β and periodontitis was proved by clinical evidence, but also the increased IL-1β triggers a series of inflammatory reactions and promotes bone resorption. Currently, IL-1β blockage has been therapeutic strategies for autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, gout and type II diabetes mellitus. It is speculated that IL-1β be a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis. The review focuses on the production, mechanism, present treatments and future potential strategies for IL-1β in periodontitis.展开更多
Angiokinases, such as vascular endothelial-, fibroblast-and platelet-derived growth factor receptors(VEGFRs, FGFRs and PDGFRs) play crucial roles in tumor angiogenesis. Anti-angiogenesis therapy using multi-angiokinas...Angiokinases, such as vascular endothelial-, fibroblast-and platelet-derived growth factor receptors(VEGFRs, FGFRs and PDGFRs) play crucial roles in tumor angiogenesis. Anti-angiogenesis therapy using multi-angiokinase inhibitor has achieved great success in recent years. In this study, we presented the design, synthesis, target identification, molecular mechanism, pharmacodynamics(PD)and pharmacokinetics(PK) research of a novel triple-angiokinase inhibitor WXFL-152. WXFL-152,identified from a series of 4-oxyquinoline derivatives based on a structureeactivity relationship study,inhibited the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells(ECs) and pericytes by blocking the angiokinase signals VEGF/VEGFR2, FGF/FGFRs and PDGF/PDGFRβ simultaneously in vitro. Significant anticancer effects of WXFL-152 were confirmed in multiple preclinical tumor xenograft models, including a patientderived tumor xenograft(PDX) model. Pharmacokinetic studies of WXFL-152 demonstrated high favourable bioavailability with single-dose and continuous multi-dose by oral administration in rats and beagles.In conclusion, WXFL-152, which is currently in phase Ib clinical trials, is a novel and effective tripleangiokinase inhibitor with clear PD and PK in tumor therapy.展开更多
Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is highly effective in treating tumors located near body surface,offering strong tumor suppression and low damage to normal tissue nearby.PDT is also effective for treating a number of other c...Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is highly effective in treating tumors located near body surface,offering strong tumor suppression and low damage to normal tissue nearby.PDT is also effective for treating a number of other conditions.PDT not only provide a precise and selective method for the treatment of various diseases by itself,it can also be used in combination with other traditional therapies.Because PDT uses light as the unique targeting mechanism,it has simpler and more direct targeting capability than traditional therapies.The core material of a PDT system is the photosensitizer which converts light energy to therapeutic factors/substances.Different photosensitizers have their distinct characteristics,leading to different advantages and disadvantages.These could be enhanced or compensated by using proper PDT system.Therefore,the selected type of photosensitizer would heavily influence the overall design of a PDT system.In this article,we evaluated major types of inorganic and organic PDT photosensitizers,and discussed future research directions in the field.展开更多
基金supported by the Szechwan Province Science and Technology Agency Fund Project [2009FZ 0027]Chengdu,China and the Population and Health Project of the Chengdu Municipal Science and Technology Bureau[10YTYB272SF-182]
文摘The high prevalence of diabetes has become a major public health issue worldwide[1], particularly in middle-and low-income countries[2]. The prevalence of diabetes in China, the largest developing country,has more than quadrupled in recent decades, and many cases of diabetes are undiagnosed[3]. The problem with missed diabetes diagnoses is a challenge faced both by China and the rest of the world[4].
基金This work was supported in part by research grants from the New Century Excellent Talents in University Program(NCET-12-0377)Sichuan Outstanding Young Scholars Foundation(2014JQ0005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.81673158).
文摘A double burden of overweight/obesity and malnutrition during childhood is a major concern in China.Dietary intakes in this critical period affect children’s physical and cognitive development,and also have health consequences in later life.Therefore,establishing healthy eating habits that will endure is crucial for children.Nutrition education is an effective way in improving nutrition knowledge and attitudes,and healthy eating behaviors.Diverse forms of nutrition improvement programs that targeting children,family,teachers,and school settings have been conducted in many developed countries.However,due to the differences of genetic background,household environment as well as dietary patterns between Chinese children and children from other countries,the existing nutrition education programs for children abroad might not be appropriate for children in China.Thus,nutrition education programs that consider Chinese nutrition-related policies and food supply as well as the local educational resources are required for Chinese children.This review summarized nutrition-related policies and legislations in China and developed countries.A series of evidence-based nutrition education programs that combined educational strategies and environmental supports conducted in the Southwest China Childhood Nutrition and Growth Study were presented.These programs can serve as example models for adopting nutrition interventions to improve nutrition and health status of children in different regions of China.
基金supported by the National Key Research Development Program of China(2021YFA1301203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82103031,82103918,81973408)+6 种基金the Clinical Research Incubation Project,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(22HXFH019)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019 M653416)the International Cooperation Project of Chengdu Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(2020-GH02-00017-HZ)the“1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University”(ZYJC18035,ZYJC18025,ZYYC20003,ZYJC18003)the GIST Research Institute(GRI)IIBR grants funded by the GISTthe National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Korean government(MSIP)(2019R1C1C1005403,2019R1A4A1028802 and2021M3H9A2097520)the Post-Doctor Research Project,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(2021HXBH054)。
文摘The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)has provided insight into the tumour immune microenvironment(TIME).This review focuses on the application of scRNA-seq in investigation of the TIME.Over time,scRNA-seq methods have evolved,and components of the TIME have been deciphered with high resolution.In this review,we first introduced the principle of scRNA-seq and compared different sequencing approaches.Novel cell types in the TIME,a continuous transitional state,and mutual intercommunication among TIME components present potential targets for prognosis prediction and treatment in cancer.Thus,we concluded novel cell clusters of cancerassociated fibroblasts(CAFs),T cells,tumour-associated macrophages(TAMs)and dendritic cells(DCs)discovered after the application of scRNA-seq in TIME.We also proposed the development of TAMs and exhausted T cells,as well as the possible targets to interrupt the process.In addition,the therapeutic interventions based on cellular interactions in TIME were also summarized.For decades,quantification of the TIME components has been adopted in clinical practice to predict patient survival and response to therapy and is expected to play an important role in the precise treatment of cancer.Summarizing the current findings,we believe that advances in technology and wide application of single-cell analysis can lead to the discovery of novel perspectives on cancer therapy,which can subsequently be implemented in the clinic.Finally,we propose some future directions in the field of TIME studies that can be aided by scRNA-seq technology.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81901379Chengdu Medical College Graduate Research Innovation Fund Project,No.YCX2023-01-03National Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship,No.202113705034.
文摘BACKGROUND Our previous study reported that the single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)rs155979 GC in the promoter region of long-chain non-coding RNA(lncRNA)NONHSAT102891 affects depression susceptibility in a Chinese population.AIM To explored associations of two SNPs and haplotypes in the lncRNA NONHSAT102891 promoter region with depression susceptibility in Chinese population.METHODS This this case-control association study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Chengdu Medical College(approval number:201815).Patient diagnosis was based on DSM-IV criteria.We selected a total of 480 patients with depression and 329 healthy controls with no history of psychopathology,and performed genotyping of two SNPs by extracting peripheral venous blood samples from the subjects.The function of the two lncRNA NONHSAT102891 promoter G/C and A/T haplotypes was detected by dual-luciferase reporter assays of human embryonic kidney 293T transfected cells.RESULTS Stratified analysis of clinical and genotypic characteristics of our cohort showed that the degree of mild depressive episodes associated with the rs6230 TC/CC genotype increased by 1.59 times[TC/CC vs TT:odds ratio(OR)=1.59,95%confidence interval(CI):1.08-2.35,P=0.019].The haploid analysis revealed linkage disequilibrium between rs3792747 and rs6230,and the double SNP CG haplotype was more common in the control group compared to case group,indicating that this haplotype significantly reduced the risk of depression(C/G vs T/A:OR=0.42,95%CI:0.21-0.83,P=0.01).There was no significant difference in the dual-luciferase reporter activity of the G/C and A/T haplotypes compared with the control group(P>0.05),indicating that the double SNP haplotype has no transcrip-tional activity.CONCLUSION The rs3792747 and rs6230 CG haplotypes of the lncRNA NONHSA T102891 promoter may be related to a reduced risk of depression in the Han Chinese population.
基金supported by the grants from the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2020YFH0112 and 2020YFS0181)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81500846)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020SCU12011).
文摘Dental pulp can initiate its damage repair after an injury of the pulp–dentin complex by rearrangement of odontoblasts and formation of newly differentiated odontoblast-like cells.Connexin 43(Cx43)is one of the gap junction proteins that participates in multiple tissue repair processes.However,the role of Cx43 in the repair of the dental pulp remains unclear.This study aimed to determine the function of Cx43 in the odontoblast arrangement patterns and odontoblastic differentiation.Human teeth for in vitro experiments were acquired,and a pulp injury model in Sprague-Dawley rats was used for in vivo analysis.The odontoblast arrangement pattern and the expression of Cx43 and dentin sialophosphoprotein(DSPP)were assessed.To investigate the function of Cx43 in odontoblastic differentiation,we overexpressed or inhibited Cx43.The results indicated that polarized odontoblasts were arranged along the pulp–dentin interface and had high levels of Cx43 expression in the healthy teeth;however,the odontoblast arrangement pattern was slightly changed concomitant to an increase in the Cx43 expression in the carious teeth.Regularly arranged odontoblast-like cells had high levels of the Cx43 expression during the formation of mature dentin,but the odontoblastlike cells were not regularly arranged beneath immature osteodentin in the pulp injury models.Subsequent in vitro experiments demonstrated that Cx43 is upregulated during odontoblastic differentiation of the dental pulp cells,and inhibition or overexpression of Cx43 influence the odontoblastic differentiation.Thus,Cx43 may be involved in the maintenance of odontoblast arrangement patterns,and influence the pulp repair outcomes by the regulation of odontoblastic differentiation.
基金supported by the health projects of Chengdu Municipal Science and Technology Bureau[10YTYB272SF-182,2014-HM01-00357-SF]。
文摘Objectives This paper aimed to investigate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus(DM)and explore the associated risk factors in a very elderly southwest Chinese population.Methods From September 2015 to June 2016,a cross-sectional survey was conducted to obtain a representative sample of 1,326 participants over 80 years old living in Chengdu.The presence of DM was based on fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and 2-h plasma glucose(2-h PG)levels during an oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT).A logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)of the potential associated factors.Results The participants’mean age was 83.5±3.1 years.The overall prevalence of DM was 27.4%.The prevalence was higher in males(30.2%)than females(24.7%)(P=0.02).The prevalence of DM increased with body mass index(BMI)and decreased with aging.The multivariate analysis suggested that male sex(OR=1.433;95%CI,1.116–1.843),hypertension(OR=1.439;95%CI,1.079–1.936),overweight or obesity(OR=1.371;95%CI,1.023–1.834),high heart rate(≥75 beats/min;OR=1.362;95%CI,1.063–1.746),and abdominal obesity(OR=1.615;95%CI,1.216–2.149)were all significantly positively correlated with DM.However,age was negatively correlated with DM(OR=0.952;95%CI,0.916–0.989).Conclusions The prevalence of DM and newly diagnosed DM in a very elderly southwest Chinese population was high.OGTT screening should be performed regularly in people aged≥80 years to ensure timely diagnosis of DM.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71904135)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2019YFS0274).The funding bodies played no role in the design of the study and collection,analysis,and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript.
文摘Background:The“two-week visiting rate in those needing to visit”has been examined extensively as an important indicator of healthcare seeking behavior in China.Nevertheless,its relationship with health behaviors,such as physical activity,remains unknown.In addition,a significant difference exists between urban and rural Chinese people in terms of physical activity and healthcare seeking behavior.This study sought to investigate the relationship between physical activity and the two-week visiting rate by conducting a stratified analysis.Methods:The analysis included 5,801 participants aged above 15 years old.Multivariable logistic regression was applied to analyze the association after adjusting for possible confounding variables.Urban and rural differences were investigated using stratified analysis.Results:Adjusted estimates showed that those who were physically active were more likely to visit a healthcare facility,but only among the whole sample(adjusted odds ratio(AOR)=1.45,95%confidence interval(CI):1.26.1.66)and the rural sample(AOR=1.56,95%CI:1.21.2.01),and not among the urban sample.Conclusions:Educating people on physical activity may help in improving healthcare seeking behavior and vice versa.Additionally,health interventions may be tailored based on different settings.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2021YFS0182)Science and Technology Department of Tibet(No.XZ202201ZY0033G)Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2021MS088).
文摘Fibrosis is the end-stage change of damaged tissues in various human diseases,which can lead to permanent scarring or organ malfunction.Hypoxia leads to oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction,and inflammation in dysfunctional organs and tissues.Oxidative stress resulting from the overproduction of reactive oxygen species plays a central role in the fibrosis of injured organs.This review addresses the updated knowledge of the relationship between hypoxia and tissue fibrosis mediated by the reactive oxygen species pathway.Moreover,novel anti-fibrotic strategies are discussed,which may suppress reactive oxygen species and organ fibrosis.
基金Supported by Sichuan Province Central Guided Local Science and Technology Development Special Project:a Study of the Chinese and Western Medicine Clinical Consensus Program for People with Poor Sleep Quality(No.2021ZYD0109)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province:Study on the Efficacy and Mechanism of Acupuncture in Treating Drug-dependent Insomnia from the Liver based on Multi-modal f MRI Technology(No.2022NSFSC0858)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zhumian Tang formula granules(助眠汤配方颗粒)combined with eszopiclone for treating poor sleep quality.METHODS:This multi-center,dynamic blockrandomized,parallel-group superiority clinical trial included 130 patients.The combined treatment group received Zhumian Tang formula granules combined with eszopiclone treatment,and the control group received eszopiclone treatment only.The group allocation ratio was 1∶1.The duration of treatment was 2 weeks.Participants were asked to complete questionnaires before treatment,after 1 week of the intervention,after 2 weeks of the intervention,and at the follow-up on week 3.The primary outcomes were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)score and the total effective rate of treatment.The secondary outcome was the rate of adverse effects.RESULTS:Compared with the eszopiclone treatment group,the PSQI score of the combined treatment group was significantly lower after 2 weeks of the intervention(6.98 vs 8.26,P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the mean PSQI score after 1 week of the intervention(9.89 vs 9.15,P=0.124).After the follow-up on week 3,the PSQI score of the combined treatment group remained significantly lower than that of the eszopiclone treatment group(6.12 vs 8.31,P<0.001).The total effective rates of treatment of the combined group and the eszopiclone group were 36.92%vs 35.38%(Z=0.033,P=0.855)after 1 week of the intervention,83.08%vs 58.46%(Z=9.519,P<0.05)after 2 weeks of the intervention,and 83.08%vs 61.54%(Z=7.530,P<0.05)and after the follow-up on week 3,respectively.There was no significant difference in the overall rate of adverse reactions between the combined and eszopiclone treatment groups(21.53%vs 31.8%,P=0.318).CONCLUSION:The combination of Zhumian Tang formula granules with eszopiclone was found to be safe and more effective in improving sleep quality than eszopiclone alone.Traditional Chinese medicine can enhance the effectiveness of Western medicine in the treatment of insomnia.
文摘Background: Human migration facilitate the spread of tuberculosis(TB).Migrants face an increased risk of TB infection.In this study,we aim to explore the spatial inequity of sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB(SS+PTB)in China;and the spatial heterogeneity between SS+PTB and internal migration.Methods:: Notified SS+PTB cases in 31 provinces in China's Mainland were obtained from the national web-based PTB surveillance system database.Internal migrant data were extracted from the report on China’s migrant population development.Spatial autocorrelations were explored using the global Moran’s statistic and local indicators of spatial association.The spatial variation in temporal trends was performed using Kulldorff’s scan statistic.Fixed effect and spatial autoregressive models were used to explore the spatial inequity between SS+PTB and internal migration.Results: A total of 2380233 SS+PTB cases were reported in China between 2011 and 2017,of which,1716382(72.11%)were male and 663851(27.89%)were female.Over 70%of internal migrants were from rural households and had lower income and less education.The spatial variation in temporal trend results showed that there was an 9.9%average annual decrease in the notification rate of SS+PTB from 2011 to 2017;and spatial clustering of SS+PTB cases was mainly located in western and southern China.The spatial autocorrelation results revealed spatial clustering of internal migration each year(2011–2017),and the clusters were stable within most provinces.Internal emigration,urban-to-rural migration and GDP per capita were significantly associated with SS+PTB,further,internal emigration could explain more variation in SS+PTB in the eastern region in mainland.However,internal immigration and rural-to-urban migration were not significantly associated with SS+PTB across China.Conclusions: Our study found the spatial inequity between SS+PTB and internal migration.Internal emigration,urban-to-rural migration and GDP per capita were statistically associated with SS+PTB;the negative association was identified between internal emigration,urban-to-rural migration and SS+PTB.Further,we found those migrants with lower income and less education,and most of them were from rural households.These findings can help stakeholders to implement effective PTB control strategies for areas at high risk of PTB and those with high rates of internal migration.
基金funded by grants from the National Key R&D Program"Precision Medicine Initiative"of China(No.2017YFC0907304)the Key Research and Development Project,Department of Science and Technology,Sichuan Province(Nos.2018SZ0212 and 2018JY0383)。
文摘To the Editor:Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)is well recognized as a pediatric infectious disease caused by a group of enteroviruses(EVs)with global distribution.Currently,the HFMD is still one among the major threats to the health of children in China,with estimated 20,537,199 cases,resulting in 3667 deaths in 2018.[1]Available data indicated that most of HFMD cases were caused by serotypes of enterovirus 71(EV-71)and coxsackievirus A16(CV-A16).EV-71 was found to be predominant among severe and fatal cases.Initiated from 2015,three inactivated monovalent EV-71 vaccines were licensed in China and proved with high protective efficacy against HFMD caused by EV-71 but no cross-protection for non-EV-71 serotypes,[2]and the EVs exhibit highly geographical diversity and serotype diversity.Recently,concerns have raised for the outbreaks of CV-A6 and CV-A10 with severe cases,as well as emerging of rare serotypes such as echo virus 11 and echo virus 30.The inadequate coverage of vaccine protection,the geographical diversity,and changing spectrum of HFMD etiology still challenge the comprehensive HFMD prevention and control in China.Information regarding the broad feature of HFMD epidemiology,and the shifting of viral genetic diversity and evolution dynamic as EV-71 vaccination progressing,are still limited.Thus,we conducted a comprehensive retrospective analysis on the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of HFMD in Sichuan Province from 2014 to 2019 before and after the introduction of EV-71 vaccines,which was expected to help better HFMD prevention and control in this area.
基金by New Clinical Technology Project,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,No.20HXJS012National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81770653 and No.82070674.
文摘BACKGROUND Standard liver weight(SLW)is frequently used in deceased donor liver transplantation to avoid size mismatches with the recipient.However,some deceased donors(DDs)have fatty liver(FL).A few studies have reported that FL could impact liver size.To the best of our knowledge,there are no relevant SLW models for predicting liver size.AIM To demonstrate the relationship between FL and total liver weight(TLW)in detail and present a related SLW formula.METHODS We prospectively enrolled 212 adult DDs from West China Hospital of Sichuan University from June 2019 to February 2021,recorded their basic information,such as sex,age,body height(BH)and body weight(BW),and performed abdominal ultrasound(US)and pathological biopsy(PB).The chi-square test and kappa consistency score were used to assess the consistency in terms of FL diagnosed by US relative to PB.Simple linear regression analysis was used to explore the variables related to TLW.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to formulate SLW models,and the root mean standard error and interclass correlation coefficient were used to test the fitting efficiency and accuracy of the model,respectively.Furthermore,the optimal formula was compared with previous formulas.RESULTS Approximately 28.8%of DDs had FL.US had a high diagnostic ability(sensitivity and specificity were 86.2%and 92.9%,respectively;kappa value was 0.70,P<0.001)for livers with more than a 5%fatty change.Simple linear regression analysis showed that sex(R2,0.226;P<0.001),BH(R2,0.241;P<0.001),BW(R2,0.441;P<0.001),BMI(R2,0.224;P<0.001),BSA(R2,0.454;P<0.001)and FL(R2,0.130;P<0.001)significantly impacted TLW.In addition,multiple linear regression analysis showed that there was no significant difference in liver weight between the DDs with no steatosis and those with steatosis within 5%.Furthermore,in the context of hepatic steatosis,TLW increased positively(nonlinear);compared with the TLW of the non-FL group,the TLW of the groups with hepatic steatosis within 5%,between 5%and 20%and more than 20%increased by 0 g,90 g,and 340 g,respectively.A novel formula,namely,-348.6+(110.7 x Sex[0=Female,1=Male])+958.0 x BSA+(179.8 x FLUS[0=No,1=Yes]),where FL was diagnosed by US,was more convenient and accurate than any other formula for predicting SLW.CONCLUSION FL is positively correlated with TLW.The novel formula deduced using sex,BSA and FLUS is the optimal formula for predicting SLW in adult DDs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Fund Project (81802801).
文摘Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1124(LINC01124)has been identified as an important regulator of non-small-cell lung cancer.However,the expression and detailed role of LINC01124 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remain unestablished to date.Therefore,this study aimed to elucidate the role of LINC01124 in the aggressiveness of HCC cells and identify the underlying regulatory mechanism.Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed to measure the expression of LINC01124 in HCC.Cell Counting Kit-8 assay,Transwell cell migration and invasion assays,and a xenograft tumor model were used to investigate the function of LINC01124 in HCC cells,and bioinformatics analysis,RNA immunoprecipitation,luciferase reporter assay,and rescue experiments were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.Herein,LINC01124 overexpression was confirmed in HCC tissues as well as cell lines.Further,the downregulation of LINC01124 decreased HCC cell proliferation,migration,and invasion in vitro,whereas the upregulation of LINC01124 triggered the opposite results.Additionally,LINC01124 ablation impaired tumor growth in vivo.Mechanistic analyses revealed that LINC01124 functions as a competing endogenous RNA to sponge microRNA-1247-5p(miR-1247-5p)in HCC cells.Moreover,forkhead box O3(FOXO3)was identified as a direct target of miR-1247-5p.FOXO3 was positively regulated by LINC01124 in HCC cells through the sequestration of miR-1247-5p.Finally,rescue assays revealed that the inhibition of miR-1247-5p or overexpression of FOXO3 reversed the effects of LINC01124 silencing on the HCC cell malignant phenotype.In summary,LINC01124 plays a tumor-promoting role in HCC by regulating the miR-1247-5p-FOXO3 axis.The LINC01124-miR-1247-5p-FOXO3 pathway may provide a foundation for the identification of alternative therapies for HCC.
基金Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province(No.2021YJ0156)Active Health and Aging Technologic Solutions Major Project of National Key Research&Development Program(No.2020YFC2006300)
文摘To the Editor:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),a clinical syndrome encompassing a spectrum of chronic,progressive,and debilitating respiratory disorders,is increasingly recognized as a multisystemic heterogeneous disease.[1]Because the characteristics of East Asian COPD patients differ from those of Westerners,it would be practical to investigate whether variations in COPD genetic performance exist between East Asian and Western populations.
基金West China Hospital of Sichuan University(1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence,Nos.ZYGD18022 and 2020HXF011).
文摘China faces a substantial burdensome pandemic of obesity.Recent data from the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention suggested that over an estimated 8.1%of Chinese adults(85 million Chinese adults)had obesity in 2018,which was three times the level in 2004.[1]To understand the trends of overweight and obesity in China,we accessed the country/territory-level year-specific data of age-standardized summary exposure value(SEV,standing for the pooled proportion among the population),deaths,and disability-adjusted life of years(DALYs)for high body mass index(BMI,high BMI was defined as the BMI level higher than theoretical minimum risk exposure level[25 kg/m2])and its associated diseases for 204 countries/territories between 1990 and 2019 using data from the Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network.[2]Previous literature described detailed methods for the data synthesis.[3,4]Using the country/territory-level data by year,we calculated the estimated annual percentage changes(EAPCs)with 95%uncertainty intervals(UI)to estimate the annual changing patterns of age-standardized SEV,death,and DALY rates among 204 countries/territories.To compare statistics from China and other regions,we calculated the corresponding estimates from regions including global,North Africa and Middle East,Sub-Saharan Africa,Western Pacific Region,European Union,Latin America and Caribbean,and South Asia.
基金This study was supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Grants No.:71303165 and 71874116).
文摘Background:Internal migration places individuals at high risk of contracting tuberculosis(TB).However,there is a scarcity of national-level spatial analyses regarding the association between TB and internal migration in China.In our research,we aimed to explore the spatial variation in cases of sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB(SS+PTB)in China;and the associations between SS+PTB,internal migration,socioeconomic factors,and demographic factors in the country between 2005 and 2015.Methods:Reported cases of SS+PTB were obtained from the national PTB surveillance system database;cases were obtained at the provincial level.Internal migration data were extracted from the national population sampling survey and the census.Spatial autocorrelations were explored using the global Moran’s statistic and local indicators of spatial association.The spatial temporal analysis was performed using Kulldorff’s scan statistic.Fixed effects regression was used to explore the association between SS+PTB and internal migration.Results:A total of 4708563 SS+PTB cases were reported in China between 2005 and 2015,of which 3376011(71.7%)were male and 1332552(28.3%)were female.There was a trend towards decreasing rates of SS+PTB notifications between 2005 and 2015.The result of global spatial autocorrelation indicated that there were significant spatial correlations between SS+PTB rate and internal migration each year(2005–2015).Spatial clustering of SS+PTB cases was mainly located in central and southern China and overlapped with the clusters of emigration.The proportions of emigrants and immigrants were significantly associated with SS+PTB.Per capita GDP and education level were negatively associated with SS+PTB.The internal migration flow maps indicated that migrants preferred neighboring provinces,with most migrating for work or business.Conclusions:This study found a significant spatial autocorrelation between SS+PTB and internal migration.Both emigration and immigration were statistically associated with SS+PTB,and the association with emigration was stronger than that for immigration.Further,we found that SS+PTB clusters overlapped with emigration clusters,and the internal migration flow maps suggested that migrants from SS+PTB clusters may influence the TB epidemic characteristics of neighboring provinces.These findings can help stakeholders to implement effective PTB control strategies for areas at high risk of PTB and those with high rates of internal migrants.
文摘Background:The coronavirus disease(COVID-19)has been identified as the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness in Wuhan,Hubei Province,China beginning in December 2019.As of 31 January 2020,this epidemic had spread to 19 countries with 11791 confirmed cases,including 213 deaths.The World Health Organization has declared it a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.Methods:A scoping review was conducted following the methodological framework suggested by Arksey and O'Malley.In this scoping review,65 research articles published before 31 January 2020 were analyzed and discussed to better understand the epidemiology,causes,clinical diagnosis,prevention and control of this virus.The research domains,dates of publication,journal language,authors'affiliations,and methodological characteristics were included in the analysis.All the findings and statements in this review regarding the outbreak are based on published information as listed in the references.Results:Most of the publications were written using the English language(89.2%).The largest proportion of published articles were related to causes(38.5%)and a majority(67.7%)were published by Chinese scholars.Research articles initially focused on causes,but over time there was an increase of the articles related to prevention and control.Studies thus far have shown that the virus7 origination is in connection to a seafood market in Wuhan,but specific animal associations have not been confirmed.Reported symptoms include fever,cough,fatigue,pneumonia,headache,diarrhea,hemoptysis,and dyspnea.Preventive measures such as masks,hand hygiene practices,avoidance of public contact,case detection,contact tracing,and quarantines have been discussed as ways to reduce transmission.To date,no specific antiviral treatment has proven effective;hence,infected people primarily rely on symptomatic treatment and supportive care.Conclusions:There has been a rapid surge in research in response to the outbreak of COVID-19.During this early period,published research primarily explored the epidemiology,causes,clinical manifestation and diagnosis,as well as prevention and control of the novel coronavirus.Although these studies are relevant to control the current public emergency,more high-quality research is needed to provide valid and reliable ways to manage this kind of public health emergency in both the short-and long-term.
基金This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81970948)the Innovation Spark Project of Sichuan University (2018SCUH0054)the Sichuan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (2018SZ0139)。
文摘Interleukin(IL)-1β, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, was elevated and participates in periodontitis. Not only the link between IL-1β and periodontitis was proved by clinical evidence, but also the increased IL-1β triggers a series of inflammatory reactions and promotes bone resorption. Currently, IL-1β blockage has been therapeutic strategies for autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, gout and type II diabetes mellitus. It is speculated that IL-1β be a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis. The review focuses on the production, mechanism, present treatments and future potential strategies for IL-1β in periodontitis.
基金supported by the National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project(Nos.2018ZX09201002,2018ZX09711001-011 and 2019ZX09201001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81773375)
文摘Angiokinases, such as vascular endothelial-, fibroblast-and platelet-derived growth factor receptors(VEGFRs, FGFRs and PDGFRs) play crucial roles in tumor angiogenesis. Anti-angiogenesis therapy using multi-angiokinase inhibitor has achieved great success in recent years. In this study, we presented the design, synthesis, target identification, molecular mechanism, pharmacodynamics(PD)and pharmacokinetics(PK) research of a novel triple-angiokinase inhibitor WXFL-152. WXFL-152,identified from a series of 4-oxyquinoline derivatives based on a structureeactivity relationship study,inhibited the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells(ECs) and pericytes by blocking the angiokinase signals VEGF/VEGFR2, FGF/FGFRs and PDGF/PDGFRβ simultaneously in vitro. Significant anticancer effects of WXFL-152 were confirmed in multiple preclinical tumor xenograft models, including a patientderived tumor xenograft(PDX) model. Pharmacokinetic studies of WXFL-152 demonstrated high favourable bioavailability with single-dose and continuous multi-dose by oral administration in rats and beagles.In conclusion, WXFL-152, which is currently in phase Ib clinical trials, is a novel and effective tripleangiokinase inhibitor with clear PD and PK in tumor therapy.
基金support received from Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2019JDJQ0028)。
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is highly effective in treating tumors located near body surface,offering strong tumor suppression and low damage to normal tissue nearby.PDT is also effective for treating a number of other conditions.PDT not only provide a precise and selective method for the treatment of various diseases by itself,it can also be used in combination with other traditional therapies.Because PDT uses light as the unique targeting mechanism,it has simpler and more direct targeting capability than traditional therapies.The core material of a PDT system is the photosensitizer which converts light energy to therapeutic factors/substances.Different photosensitizers have their distinct characteristics,leading to different advantages and disadvantages.These could be enhanced or compensated by using proper PDT system.Therefore,the selected type of photosensitizer would heavily influence the overall design of a PDT system.In this article,we evaluated major types of inorganic and organic PDT photosensitizers,and discussed future research directions in the field.
