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Fabrication and characterization of multi-scale coated boron powders with improved combustion performance:A brief review 被引量:1
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作者 Rui Liu Danfeng Yang +2 位作者 Kunyu Xiong Ying-Lei Wang Qi-Long Yan 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期27-40,共14页
Boron has high mass and volume calorific values,but it is difficult to ignite and has low combustion efficiency.This literature review summarizes the strategies that are used to solve the above-mentioned problems,whic... Boron has high mass and volume calorific values,but it is difficult to ignite and has low combustion efficiency.This literature review summarizes the strategies that are used to solve the above-mentioned problems,which include coatings of boron by using fluoride compounds,energetic composites,metal fuels,and metal oxides.Coating techniques include recrystallization,dual-solvent,phase transfer,electrospinning,etc.As one of the effective coating agents,the fluorine compounds can react with the oxide shell of boron powder.In comparison,the energetic composites can effectively improve the flame temperature of boron powder and enhance the evaporation efficiency of oxide film as a condensed product.Metals and metal oxides would react with boron powder to form metal borides with a lower ignition point,which could reduce its ignition temperature. 展开更多
关键词 Boron powder coating Structure and morphology Condensed phase thermal reaction Ignition and combustion
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Surface morphologies of Mg-Gd alloy particle during its reactions with O_(2) and Teflon
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作者 Yifan Li Hongtao Yang +2 位作者 Aifeng Jiang Dongming Song Yanchun Li 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期209-221,共13页
Mg-Gd alloy particle has exhibited its unique combustion properties as the fuel of Mg/Teflon/Viton(MTV).Mg-Gd alloy/Teflon/Viton(MGTV)could burn at lower ambient pressure than MTV.To further investigate the reaction o... Mg-Gd alloy particle has exhibited its unique combustion properties as the fuel of Mg/Teflon/Viton(MTV).Mg-Gd alloy/Teflon/Viton(MGTV)could burn at lower ambient pressure than MTV.To further investigate the reaction of MGTV in air,it was investigated via thermo gravity-differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC).Meanwhile,the morphologies and element distributions on the alloy surface during the reaction of MGTV in air were investigated via scanning electronic microscope-mapping-electronic differential spectrometer.Meanwhile,a similar experimental protocol on the Mg-Gd alloy particle during oxidation was also applied.The results showed that owning to a protective oxide shell,the onset oxidation temperature of Mg-Gd alloy is higher than Mg.However,the onset oxidation temperature of the exceeded Mg-Gd alloy in MGTV is significantly lower than that of the exceeded Mg in MTV.It was due to the existence of GdOF,which could significantly lower the oxidation temperature of the exceeded fuel.Furthermore,a possible reaction mechanism was proposed.The fascinating oxidation properties of Mg-Gd alloy suggested its promising applications in energetic materials. 展开更多
关键词 Mg-Gd alloy Energetic materials Morphology EDS GdOF
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New insights in nano-copper chromite catalyzing ultrafine AP:Evaluation of dispersity and mixing uniformity
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作者 Yong Kou Peng Luo +8 位作者 Lei Xiao Yanping Xin Guangpu Zhang Yubing Hu Junqing Yang Hongxu Gao Fengqi Zhao Wei Jiang Gazi Hao 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期120-133,共14页
Improving the application of nanomaterials has always been a research hotspot in the field of energetic materials(EMs)due to their obvious catalytic effect on the EMs,especially the uniformly dispersed nanomaterials.H... Improving the application of nanomaterials has always been a research hotspot in the field of energetic materials(EMs)due to their obvious catalytic effect on the EMs,especially the uniformly dispersed nanomaterials.However,few studies have reported the dispersion of nanomaterials.In this study,the dispersity and mixing uniformity of nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4)was evaluated based on the difference of solid UV light absorption between the nano-catalytic materials and EMs.The nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4)/ultrafine AP composites with different dispersity of nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4)were prepared by manual grinding and mechanical grinding with different grinding strength and griding time.And then,the absorbance of different samples at 212 nm was obtained by solid UV testing due to the high repeatability of the absorbance at 210-214 nm for three parallel experiments,and the dispersity of different samples was calculated through the established difference equation.Furthermore,the samples were characterized by XRD,IR,SEM,EDS,DSC and TG-MS,which confirmed that different mixing methods did not change the structure of the samples(XRD and IR),and the mixing uniformity improved with the increase of grinding strength and grinding time(SEM and EDS).The scientificity and feasibility of the difference equation were further verified by DSC.The dispersity of nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4)exhibits a positive intrinsic relationship with its catalytic performance,and the uniformly dispersed nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4)significantly reduces the thermal decomposition temperature of ultrafine AP from 367.7 to 338.8℃.The TG-MS patterns show that the dispersed nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4)advanced the thermal decomposition process of ultrafine AP by about 700 s,especially in the high temperature decomposition stage,and the more concentrated energy release characteristic is beneficial to further enhance the energy performance of AP-based propellants.The above conclusions show that the evaluation method of dispersity based on solid UV curves could provide new ideas for the dispersity characterization of nano-catalytic materials in EMs,which is expected to be widely used in the field of EMs. 展开更多
关键词 Nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4) Ultrafine AP Dispersity UVeVis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy Thermal decomposition
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Interfacial reinforcement of core-shell HMX@energetic polymer composites featuring enhanced thermal and safety performance
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作者 Binghui Duan Hongchang Mo +3 位作者 Bojun Tan Xianming Lu Bozhou Wang Ning Liu 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期387-399,共13页
The weak interface interaction and solid-solid phase transition have long been a conundrum for 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane(HMX)-based polymer-bonded explosives(PBX).A two-step strategy that involves... The weak interface interaction and solid-solid phase transition have long been a conundrum for 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane(HMX)-based polymer-bonded explosives(PBX).A two-step strategy that involves the pretreatment of HMX to endow—OH groups on the surface via polyalcohol bonding agent modification and in situ coating with nitrate ester-containing polymer,was proposed to address the problem.Two types of energetic polyether—glycidyl azide polymer(GAP)and nitrate modified GAP(GNP)were grafted onto HMX crystal based on isocyanate addition reaction bridged through neutral polymeric bonding agent(NPBA)layer.The morphology and structure of the HMX-based composites were characterized in detail and the core-shell structure was validated.The grafted polymers obviously enhanced the adhesion force between HMX crystals and fluoropolymer(F2314)binder.Due to the interfacial reinforcement among the components,the two HMX-based composites exhibited a remarkable increment of phase transition peak temperature by 10.2°C and 19.6°C with no more than 1.5%shell content,respectively.Furthermore,the impact and friction sensitivity of the composites decreased significantly as a result of the barrier produced by the grafted polymers.These findings will enhance the future prospects for the interface design of energetic composites aiming to solve the weak interface and safety concerns. 展开更多
关键词 HMX crystals Polyalcohol bonding agent Energetic polymer Core-shell structure Interfacial reinforcement
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Fracture behavior and mechanism of highly fragmented steel cylindrical shell under explosive loading
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作者 Kang Wang Peng Chen +5 位作者 Xingyun Sun Yufeng Liu Jiayu Meng Xiaoyuan Li Xiongwei Zheng Chuan Xiao 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期122-132,共11页
An in-depth understanding of the fracture behavior and mechanism of metallic shells under internal explosive loading can help develop material designs for warheads and regulate the quantity and mass distribution of th... An in-depth understanding of the fracture behavior and mechanism of metallic shells under internal explosive loading can help develop material designs for warheads and regulate the quantity and mass distribution of the fragments formed.This study investigated the fragmentation performance of a new high-carbon silicon-manganese(HCSiMn)steel cylindrical shell through fragment recovery experiments.Compared with the conventional 45Cr steel shell,the number of small mass fragments produced by the HCSi Mn steel shell was significantly increased with a scale parameter of 0.57 g fitted by the Weibull distribution model.The fragmentation process of the HCSi Mn shell exhibited more brittle tensile fracture characteristics,with the microcrack damage zone on the outer surface being the direct cause of its high fragmentation.On the one hand,the doping of alloy elements resulted in grain refinement by forming metallographic structure of tempered sorbite,so that microscopic intergranular fracture reduces the characteristic mass of the fragments;on the other hand,the distribution of alloy carbides can exert a"pinning"effect on the substrate grains,causing more initial cracks to form and propagate along the brittle carbides,further improving the shell fragmentation.Although the killing power radius for light armored vehicles was slightly reduced by about 6%,the dense killing radius of HCSiMn steel projectile against personnel can be significantly increased by about 26%based on theoretical assessment.These results provided an experimental basis for high fragmentation warhead design,and to some extent,revealed the correlation mechanism between metallographic structure and shell fragmentation. 展开更多
关键词 Projectile fragmentation Fragment mass distribution Fracture mode Metallographic structure Damage power
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Shock Initiation Experiments with Modeling on a DNAN Based MeltCast Insensitive Explosive
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作者 Feichao Miao Dandan Li +2 位作者 Yangfan Cheng Junjiong Meng Lin Zhou 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期655-662,共8页
2,4-dinitroanisole(DNAN)is a good replacement for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT)in melt-cast explosives due to its superior insensitivity.With the increasing use of DNAN-based melt-cast explosives,the prediction of reacti... 2,4-dinitroanisole(DNAN)is a good replacement for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT)in melt-cast explosives due to its superior insensitivity.With the increasing use of DNAN-based melt-cast explosives,the prediction of reaction violence and hazard assessment of the explosives subjected to shock is of great significance.This study investigated the shock initiation characteristics for a DNAN-based melt-cast explosive,DHFA,using the one-dimensional Lagrangian apparatus.The embedded manganin gauges in the apparatus record the pressure histories at four Lagrangian positions and show that shock-todetonation transition in DHFA needs a high input shock pressure.The experimental data are analyzed to calibrate the Ignition and Growth model.The calibration is performed using an objective function based on both pressure history and the arrival time of shock.Good agreement between experimental and calculated pressure histories indicates the high accuracy of the calibrated parameters with the optimization method. 展开更多
关键词 2 4-Dinitroanisole(DNAN) Shock initiation Insensitive explosives Ignition and growth model Equation of state(EOS)
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Revealing the correlation between adsorption energy and activation energy to predict the catalytic activity of metal oxides for HMX using DFT
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作者 Xiurong Yang Chi Zhang +6 位作者 Wujing Jin Zhaoqi Guo Hongxu Gao Shiyao Niu Fengqi Zhao Bo Liu Haixia Ma 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期262-270,共9页
Traditional selection of combustion catalysis is time-consuming and labor-intensive.Theoretical calculation is expected to resolve this problem.The adsorption energy of HMX and O atoms on 13 metal oxides was calculate... Traditional selection of combustion catalysis is time-consuming and labor-intensive.Theoretical calculation is expected to resolve this problem.The adsorption energy of HMX and O atoms on 13 metal oxides was calculated using DMol3,since HMX and O are key substances in decomposition process.And the relationship between the adsorption energy of HMX,O on metal oxides(TiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),PbO,CuO,Fe_(2)O_(3),Co_(3)O_(4),Bi_(2)O_(3),NiO)and experimental T30 values(time required for the decomposition depth of HMX to reach 30%)was depicted as volcano plot.Thus,the T30 values of other metal oxides was predicted based on their adsorption energy on volcano plot and validated by previous experimental data.Further,the adsorption energy of HMX on ZrO_(2)and MnO_(2)was predicted based on the linear relationship between surface energy and adsorption energy,and T30 values were estimated based on volcano plot.The apparent activation energy data of HMX/MgO,HMX/SnO_(2),HMX/ZrO_(2),and HMX/MnO_(2)obtained from DSC experiments are basically consistent with our predicted T30 values,indicating that it is feasible to predict the catalytic activity based on the adsorption calculation,and it is expected that these simple structural properties can predict adsorption energy to reduce the large quantities of computation and experiment cost. 展开更多
关键词 Density functional theory HMX Metal oxides Adsorption energy Activation energy
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Hydrodechlorination of trifluoro-trichloroethane to chlorotrifluoroethylene:Revealing the deactivation mechanism and regeneration strategy of Pd-Cu/AC catalyst
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作者 Song Tian Yicheng Chen +7 位作者 Xiaoyu Wen Bingcheng Li Jian Lu Zile Li Feng Feng Qingtao Wang Qunfeng Zhang Xiaonian Li 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期261-268,共8页
Chlorotrifluoroethylene(CTFE)is a vital fluorinated olefinic monomer produced through the catalytic hydrodechlorination of trichlorotrifluoroethane(CFC-113),an eco-friendly process.However,hydrodechlorination catalyst... Chlorotrifluoroethylene(CTFE)is a vital fluorinated olefinic monomer produced through the catalytic hydrodechlorination of trichlorotrifluoroethane(CFC-113),an eco-friendly process.However,hydrodechlorination catalysts for olefin production often suffer from poor stability.The Pd/AC catalyst and Pd-Cu/AC catalyst prepared by co-impregnation method exhibited poor stability,Pd-Cu/AC catalyst with CFC-113 conversion dropping to around 37%after 50 h of hydrodechlorination reaction.Brunauer-Emmett-Teller,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and X-ray diffraction of fresh and deactivated Pd/AC catalysts indicate that the deactivation of Pd/AC catalysts is due to high-temperature agglomeration of Pd.Comparative analysis of fresh and deactivated Pd-Cu/AC catalysts using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller,transmission electron microscopy,and thermogravimetric analysis techniques revealed decreased dispersion of active sites,reduced surface area,catalyst aggregation deactivation,and a significant decrease in Cu content.Furthermore,the results of NH3-TPD revealed that the acid sites of the catalyst increased significantly.X-ray diffraction spectra indicated the formation of new species,basic copper chloride(Cu_(2)(OH)_(3)Cl),during the reaction.As the reaction progressed,these new species agglomerated,leading to a gradual loss of catalyst activity.Moreover,the deactivated catalyst was successfully reactivated using a simple alkaline washing method. 展开更多
关键词 CFC-113 HYDRODECHLORINATION CHLOROTRIFLUOROETHYLENE Catalyst deactivation
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Exploring the hygroscopic behavior of highly energetic oxidizer ammonium dinitramide(ADN)at different temperatures and humidities using an innovative hygroscopic modeling
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作者 Qiangqiang Lu Ben Liu +8 位作者 Zhifang Xie Yiwen Hu Hongyu Yang Junqing Yang Lei Xiao Fengqi Zhao Hongxu Gao Wei Jiang Gazi Hao 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第10期25-34,共10页
Ammonium dinitramide(ADN)is a new type of green energetic oxidizer with excellent energy density and low pollution combustion characteristics.However,the strong hygroscopicity has a significant impact on its practical... Ammonium dinitramide(ADN)is a new type of green energetic oxidizer with excellent energy density and low pollution combustion characteristics.However,the strong hygroscopicity has a significant impact on its practical application.To assist in the research on moisture-proof modification of ADN materials,an innovative hygroscopic modeling approach was proposed to evaluate the hygroscopicity of ADN at various temperatures and humidities.By investigating the diffusion coefficient of water molecules in molecular dynamics processes,a visual insight into the hygroscopic process of ADN was gained.Furthermore,analyzing the non-covalent interactions between ADN and water molecules,the hygroscopicity of ADN could be evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively.The energy analysis revealed that electrostatic forces play a dominant role in the process of water adsorption by ADN,whereas van der Waals forces impede it.As a whole,the simulation results show that ADN presents the following hygroscopic law:At temperatures ranging from 273 K to 373 K and relative humidity(RH)from 10%to 100%,the hygroscopicity of ADN generally shows an increasing trend with the rise in temperature and humidity based on the results of three simulations.According to the non-hygroscopic point(298 K,52%RH)of ADN obtained by experiment in the literature,a non-hygroscopic range of temperature and humidity for ADN can be depicted when the simulation results in relative hygroscopicity is less than or equal to 17%.This study can provide effective strategies for screening anti-hygroscopic modified materials of ADN. 展开更多
关键词 Ammonium dinitramide Molecular dynamics HYGROSCOPICITY Diffusion coefficient Noncovalent interactions
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Shock Raman spectra and structural transformation of powdered TKX-50 by the plate impact experiments combined with real-time Raman detection
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作者 Xue Yang Qijun Liu +3 位作者 Yundan Gan Lei Yang Zhengtang Liu Fusheng Liu 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期158-162,共5页
As an energetic material of great interest,the work capacity of dihydroxylammonium 5,5’-bistetrazole-1,1’-diolate(TKX-50)has been questioned recently.Although some research groups have explored the reasons for the l... As an energetic material of great interest,the work capacity of dihydroxylammonium 5,5’-bistetrazole-1,1’-diolate(TKX-50)has been questioned recently.Although some research groups have explored the reasons for the low working ability of TKX-50,the plane impact experiment on powdered TKX-50 is obviously closer to the practical application,and the conclusions based on this are more guiding.Hence,we performed shock Hugoniot measurements of powdered TKX-50 between 5.65 and 16.29 GPa.The plane impact experiments of powdered TKX-50 were carried out and the shocked Raman spectra were collected.By Raman spectroscopy analysis,a new peak of powdered TKX-50 was found between19.47 GPa and 24.96 GPa,which may be caused by decomposition/phase transition and was related with the low work capacity. 展开更多
关键词 Powdered TKX-50 HUGONIOT RAMAN DECOMPOSITION Phase transition
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Progress on the application of graphene-based composites toward energetic materials:A review
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作者 Ting Zhang Xiaoming Gao +4 位作者 Jiachen Li Libai Xiao Hongxu Gao Fengqi Zhao Haixia Ma 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期95-116,共22页
Carbon material is an important additive in energetic materials.Graphene is a monolayer carbon material in which carbon atoms are arranged in two-dimensional honeycomb structure,who has special optical,electrical,and ... Carbon material is an important additive in energetic materials.Graphene is a monolayer carbon material in which carbon atoms are arranged in two-dimensional honeycomb structure,who has special optical,electrical,and mechanical properties.Recently,the application of graphene-based composites in energetic materials has received extensive attention.This review mainly summarizes the applications of graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials in energetic materials.The effects of these materials on the thermal stability,sensitivity,mechanical property,ignition and combustion of energetic materials were discussed.Furthermore,the progress of functionalized modification of graphene has been summarized,including covalent bonding modification and doping modification.These studies show that graphenebased materials exhibit excellent performances and might emerge as promising candidate for energetic materials. 展开更多
关键词 Graphene Desensitization Thermal decomposition Catalytic combustion Energetic materials
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Synthesis and characterization of a 1,3-dibutylimidazolium azide([BBIm][N_(3)]) : A promising green energetic ionic liquid
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作者 Nawel Matmat Amir Abdelaziz +6 位作者 Djalal Trache Achour Sabrina Ahmed Fouzi Tarchoun Hani Boukeciat Sourbh Thakur Weiqiang Pang Thomas M.Klapotke 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期1-15,共15页
In the pursuit of advancing imidazolium-based energetic ionic liquids (EILs),the current study is devoted to the synthesis and characterization of 1,3-dibutyl-imidazolium azide ([BBIm][N_(3)]),as a novel member in thi... In the pursuit of advancing imidazolium-based energetic ionic liquids (EILs),the current study is devoted to the synthesis and characterization of 1,3-dibutyl-imidazolium azide ([BBIm][N_(3)]),as a novel member in this ionic liquids class.The chemical structure of this EIL was rigorously characterized and confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy,1D,and 2D-NMR analyses.The thermal behavior assessment was conducted through DSC and TGA experiments.DSC analysis revealed an endothermic glass transition at T_(g)=-61℃,followed by an exothermic degradation event at T_(onset)=311℃.Similarly,TGA thermograms exhibited a one-stage decomposition process resulting in 100% mass loss of the sample.Furthermore,the short-term thermal stability of the azide EIL was investigated by combining the non-isothermal TGA data with the TAS,it-KAS,and VYA/CE isoconversional kinetic approaches.Consequently,the Arrhenius parameters(E_(a)=154 kJ·mol^(-1),Log(A/s^(-1))=11.8) and the most probable reaction model g(a) were determined.The observed high decomposition temperatures and the significantly elevated activation energy affirm the enhanced thermal stability of the modified EIL.These findings revealed that[BBIm][N_(3)]EIL can be a promising candidate for advanced energetic material application. 展开更多
关键词 1 3-dibutyl-imidazolium azide[BBIm][N_(3)] Energetic imidazolium-base ionic liquids 1D-/2D-NMR analyses Short-term thermal stability Isoconversional approaches
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Thermochemistry on Coordination Behavior of Neodymium Chloride Hydrate with Diethylammonium Diethyldithiocarbamate 被引量:2
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作者 任宜霞 焦宝娟 +4 位作者 陈三平 高胜利 赵凤起 胡荣祖 史启祯 《Journal of Rare Earths》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2004年第2期210-214,共5页
The complex of neodymium chloride lower hydrate with diethylammonium diethyldithiocarbamate (D-DDC) was synthesized conveniently in absolute alcohol and dry N_2 atmosphere. The title complex was identified as Et_2NH_2... The complex of neodymium chloride lower hydrate with diethylammonium diethyldithiocarbamate (D-DDC) was synthesized conveniently in absolute alcohol and dry N_2 atmosphere. The title complex was identified as Et_2NH_2[Nd(S_2CNEt_2)_4] by chemical and elemental analyses and the bonding characteristics of which was characterized by IR. The enthalpies of solution of neodymium chloride hydrate and D-DDC in absolute alcohol at 298.15 K and the enthalpies change of liquid-phase reaction of formation for Et_2NH_2[Nd (S_2CNEt_2)_4] at different temperatures were determined by microcalorimetry. On the basis of experimental and calculated results, three thermodynamic parameters (the activation enthalpy, the activation entropy and the activation free energy), the rate constant and three kinetic parameters (the apparent activation energy, the pre-exponential constant and the reaction order) of liquid-phase reaction of formation were obtained. The enthalpy change of the solid-phase title reaction at 298.15 K was calculated by a thermochemical cycle. 展开更多
关键词 physical chemistry neodymium chloride hydrate diethylammonium dithyldithiocarbamate (D-DDC) (microcalorimetric) method THERMOCHEMISTRY rare earths
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Research on 2D Model of Capillary Discharge Plasma
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作者 张玉成 蒋树君 +2 位作者 李兴文 李瑞 严文荣 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS 2010年第4期241-246,共6页
The physical process of capillary discharge in a PE tube utilized in electro-thermal-chemical(ETC)guns was investigated.ETC guns can enhance the ignition and combustion of propellant in order to reduce the ignition de... The physical process of capillary discharge in a PE tube utilized in electro-thermal-chemical(ETC)guns was investigated.ETC guns can enhance the ignition and combustion of propellant in order to reduce the ignition delay and increase muzzle velocity of the projectile.A key component in ETC gun is the capillary plasma source.In this paper,a 2D steady state model of discharge was built by using magnetic hydrodynamics method.It took the plasma energy balance,material ablation,mass and momentum conservations in a quasi-neutral plasma region into account.Also,the effect of different compositions and PE concentration distribution were considered.In order to evaluate the validation of this model,the simulation results are compared with former works. 展开更多
关键词 plasma physics capillary discharge plasma plasma ignition physical process MHD method steady state model electro-thermal-chemical gun
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Understanding the alkyl effect of geminal dinitropropyl ester energetic plasticizers on hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene(HTPB):Simultaneous tuning on low temperature behavior and processability 被引量:2
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作者 Baodong Zhao Yinglei Wang +3 位作者 Fulei Gao Yajing Liu Weixiao Liu Feng Ding 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第2期364-371,共8页
Geminal dinitropropyl ester plasticizers(DNPEPs) possess excellent energetic performances which provide good potentials as insensitive plasticizer. In this study, we design and synthesize DNPEPs with different alkane ... Geminal dinitropropyl ester plasticizers(DNPEPs) possess excellent energetic performances which provide good potentials as insensitive plasticizer. In this study, we design and synthesize DNPEPs with different alkane chain parts, and systematically investigate their structure-property relationships.Results show that DNPEPs have impact sensitivities all higher than 25.2 J, thermal decomposition temperatures all higher than 254 ℃, and glass transition temperatures(T_(g)) lower than-90 ℃.Furthermore, the effects of DNPEPs as plasticizer are studied on hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene(HTPB) in detail, including the viscosity, glass transition temperatures and others. It is noteworthy that 2,2-dinitropropyl nonanoate(DNPNc) among these DNPEPs exhibits the most expected simultaneous tuning effects on both viscosity and T_(g) of HTPB systems, providing favorable potentials to replace the conventional plastizers as dioctyl sebacate(DOS) in the HTPB based propellants and explosives. 展开更多
关键词 Molecular simulation Experimental validation Preparation Energetic plasticizer Glass transition temperature Viscosity
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A review on the high energy oxidizer ammonium dinitramide:Its synthesis,thermal decomposition,hygroscopicity,and application in energetic materials 被引量:2
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作者 Fu-yao Chen Chun-lei Xuan +8 位作者 Qiang-qiang Lu Lei Xiao Jun-qing Yang Yu-bing Hu Guang-Pu Zhang Ying-lei Wang Feng-qi Zhao Ga-zi Hao Wei Jiang 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第1期163-195,共33页
Ammonium dinitramide(ADN)is considered as a potential substitute for ammonium perchlorate in energetic materials due to its high density,positive oxygen balance,and halogen-free characteristics.However,its application... Ammonium dinitramide(ADN)is considered as a potential substitute for ammonium perchlorate in energetic materials due to its high density,positive oxygen balance,and halogen-free characteristics.However,its application has been severely limited because of its strong hygroscopicity,difficult storage,and incompatibility with isocyanate curing agents.In order to better bloom the advantages of the highly energetic and environment-friendly ADN in the fields of energetic materials,an in-depth analysis of the current situation and discussion of key research points are particularly important.In this paper,a detailed overview on the synthesis,thermal decomposition,hygroscopic mechanism,and antihygroscopicity of ADN has been discussed,its application in powdes and explosives are also presented,and its future research directions are proposed. 展开更多
关键词 Ammonium dinitramide High energy oxidizer SYNTHESIS PROPERTIES APPLICATIONS
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Microfluidic assisted 90%loading CL-20 spherical particles:Enhancing self-sustaining combustion performance 被引量:2
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作者 Ling-feng Yang Xian-rui Shi +2 位作者 Chun-zhi Li Bo Wu Chong-hua Pei 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第4期176-184,共9页
The performance of the chemical fuel determines the altitude,range and longevity of spacecraft in air and space exploration.Promising alternatives(e.g.,hypergolic ionic liquids or high-energy composites)with high-ener... The performance of the chemical fuel determines the altitude,range and longevity of spacecraft in air and space exploration.Promising alternatives(e.g.,hypergolic ionic liquids or high-energy composites)with high-energy density,heat of formation and fast initial rate are considered as potential chemical fuels.As the high-energy density material,hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20)often serves as secondary explosive with poor self-propagating combustion behaviors.Herein,90%loading CL-20 microspheres with uniform particle sizes are precisely prepared by microfluid method,which exhibit unique hierarchical structure.The morphology,thermal behaviors,as well as combustion performance were further investigated.The results demonstrated that as-prepared spherical particles exhibit prominent thermal compatibility,and the enhanced self-sustaining combustion performance.This work provides an efficient method achieving the uniform high-energy density particles with excellent self-sustaining combustion performance. 展开更多
关键词 MICROFLUIDICS HEXANITROHEXAAZAISOWURTZITANE Spherical particles Thermal behavior Self-sustaining combustion
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Explosion characteristics of aluminum-based activated fuels containing fluorine 被引量:2
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作者 Jin-tao Xu Lei Huang +4 位作者 Hai-peng Jiang Tian-jiao Zhang Feng-qi Zhao Jian-kan Zhang Wei Gao 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第2期34-43,共10页
Measuring the dust explosion characteristics of aluminum-based activated fuels was a prerequisite for developing effective prevention and control measures.In this paper,ignition sensitivity,flame propagation behaviors... Measuring the dust explosion characteristics of aluminum-based activated fuels was a prerequisite for developing effective prevention and control measures.In this paper,ignition sensitivity,flame propagation behaviors and explosion severity of aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene(Al/PTFE)compositions including 2 PT(2.80 wt.%F),4 PT(7.18 wt.%F)and 8 PT(11.90 wt.%F)were studied.When the content of F increased from 2.80 wt.%to 11.90 wt.%,the minimum explosive concentration MEC decreased from380 g/m^(3)to 140 g/m^(3),due to the dual effects of increased internal active aluminum and enhanced reactivity.The average flame propagation velocities increased as the percentage of F increased.The maximum explosion pressure Pmof 500 g/m3aluminum-based activated fuels increased from 247 k Pa to299 kPa.Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that with the increase of PTFE content,the reaction was more complete.On this basis,the explosion mechanism of aluminum-based activated fuels was revealed. 展开更多
关键词 Aluminum-based activated fuels Ignition sensitivity Flame propagation Explosion severity Explosion mechanism
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Modification of SDOF model for reinforced concrete beams under close-in explosion 被引量:1
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作者 Wei Wei Yu-lei Zhang +2 位作者 Jian-jun Su Yan Liu Feng-lei Huang 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第2期162-186,共25页
In this paper,a modified single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF)model of reinforced concrete(RC)beams under close-in explosion is proposed by developing the specific impulse equivalent method and flexural resistance calculatio... In this paper,a modified single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF)model of reinforced concrete(RC)beams under close-in explosion is proposed by developing the specific impulse equivalent method and flexural resistance calculation method.The equivalent uniform specific impulse was obtained based on the local conservation of momentum and global conservation of kinetic energy.Additionally,the influence of load uniformity,boundary condition and complex material behaviors(e.g.strain rate effect,hardening/softening and hoop-confined effect)was considered in the resistance calculation process by establishing a novel relationship between external force,bending moment,curvature and deflection successively.The accuracy of the proposed model was verified by carrying out field explosion tests on four RC beams with the scaled distances of 0.5 m/kg~(1/3)and 0.75 m/kg~(1/3).The test data in other literatures were also used for validation.As a result,the equivalent load implies that the blast load near the mid-span of beams would contribute more to the maximum displacement,which was also observed in the tests.Moreover,both the resistance model and test results declare that when the blast load becomes more concentrated,the ultimate resistance would become lower,and the compressive concrete would be more prone to softening and crushing.Finally,based on the modified SDOF model,the calculated maximum displacements agreed well with the test data in this paper and other literatures.This work fully proves the rationality of the modified SDOF method,which will contribute to a more accurate damage assessment of RC structures under close-in explosion. 展开更多
关键词 SDOF model Close-in explosion Specific impulse equivalent method Flexural resistance
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RDX crystals with high sphericity prepared by resonance acoustic mixing assisted solvent etching technology 被引量:1
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作者 Dongjie Liao Qian Liu +3 位作者 Chunyan Li Ning Liu Mingchang Wang Chongwei An 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第10期23-32,共10页
In order to obtain high-quality spherical RDX crystal particles,the RDX crystals were suspended in a mixed solvent of cyclohexanone and cyclohexane,subsequently a solvent etching study was carried out under the action... In order to obtain high-quality spherical RDX crystal particles,the RDX crystals were suspended in a mixed solvent of cyclohexanone and cyclohexane,subsequently a solvent etching study was carried out under the action of vibration/acoustic flow coupled flow field,which generated by resonance acoustic mixing.The effects of solvent ratio,temperature,acceleration and experiment time on morphology as well as particle size of RDX crystals were studied.Not only were the morphology,particle size distribution and crystal form of RDX crystals determined,but also the thermal decomposition performance and mechanical sensitivity of spherical RDX were examined and discussed.Results indicated that under the process of solvent/non-solvent volume ratio at 1:2,temperature of 40℃,acceleration of 40 g and experiment time of 4 h,α-type RDX crystal with sphericity of 0.92 can be obtained.Furthermore,the median particle size(D_(50))of spherical RDX crystals is 215.8 μm with a unimodal particle size distribution(size span 1.34).For one thing,the thermal decomposition peak temperature of spherical RDX is about 2.5℃ higher than that of raw RDX,and apparent activation energy reaches 444.68 kJ/mol.For another thing,impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity of spherical RDX are 18.18% and 33.33% lower than that of raw RDX,respectively.It demonstrates that safety of spherical RDX under thermal,impact and friction stimuli has been improved. 展开更多
关键词 Resonance acoustic mixing Solvent etching RDX Sphericial explosive
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