AIM:To study the effect of thioltransferase(TTase)on oxidative stress in human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)induced by high glucose and advanced glycation end products(AGEs).METHODS:HLECs were treated with 35.5 mmol/L ...AIM:To study the effect of thioltransferase(TTase)on oxidative stress in human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)induced by high glucose and advanced glycation end products(AGEs).METHODS:HLECs were treated with 35.5 mmol/L glucose or 1.5 mg/mL AGEs modified bovine serum albumin(AGEs-BSA)as the experimental groups,respectively.Cells were collected at the time point of 1,2,3,and 4 d.The TTase activity were measured accordingly.TTase mRNA levels were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain response(qRT-RCR)and its protein level was detected by Western blot.The siRNA was used to knock down the expression of TTase.The activity of catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD),the content of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and the ratio of oxidized glutathione/total glutathione(GSSG/T-GSH)were assessed in different groups,respectively.RESULTS:The level of TTase mRNA gradually increased and reached the top at 2 d,then it decreased to the normal level at 4 d,and the TTase activity increased from 2 to 3 d in both high glucose and AGEs-BSA groups.The TTase expression elevated from 2 d in high glucose group,and it began to rise from 3 d in AGEs-BSA group.The activity of CAT and SOD showed a decrease and the content of ROS and the ratio of GSSG/T-GSH showed an increase in high glucose and AGEs-BSA group.These biochemical alterations were more prominent in the groups with TTase siRNA.CONCLUSION:High glucose and AGEs can increase ROS content in HLECs;therefore,it induces oxidative stress.This may result in the decreased GSH and increased GSSG content,impaired activity of SOD and CAT.The up-regulated TTase likely provides oxidation damage repair induced by high glucose and AGEs in the early stage.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the effects of intravitreal slow-release dexamethasone on traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR)and Müller cell gliosis and preliminarily explored the possible inflammatory mechanism in a ...AIM:To evaluate the effects of intravitreal slow-release dexamethasone on traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR)and Müller cell gliosis and preliminarily explored the possible inflammatory mechanism in a rabbit model induced by penetrating ocular trauma.METHODS:Traumatic PVR was induced in the right eyes of pigmented rabbits by performing an 8-mm circumferential scleral incision placed 2.5 mm behind the limbus,followed by treatment with a slow-release dexamethasone implant(Ozurdex)or sham injection.Left eyes were used as normal controls.The intraocular pressure(IOP)was monitored using an iCare tonometer.PVR severity was evaluated via anatomical and histopathological examinations every week for 6wk;specific inflammatory cytokine and proliferative marker levels were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,Western blot,protein chip analysis,or immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS:During the observation period,PVR severity gradually increased.Intense Müller cell gliosis was observed in the peripheral retina near the wound and in the whole retina of PVR group.Ozurdex significantly alleviated PVR development and Müller cell gliosis.Post-traumatic inflammation fluctuated and was persistent.The interleukin-1β(IL-1β)mRNA level was significantly upregulated,peaking on day 3 and increasing again on day 21 after injury.The expression of nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)showed a similar trend that began earlier than that of IL-1βexpression.Ozurdex suppressed the expression of IL-1β,NLRP3,and phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB).The average IOP after treatment was within normal limits.CONCLUSION:The present study demonstrates chronic and fluctuating inflammation in a traumatic PVR rabbit model over 6wk.Ozurdex treatment significantly inhibites inflammatory cytokines expression and Müller cell gliosis,and thus alleviates PVR severity.This study highlights the important role of IL-1β,and Ozurdex inhibites inflammation presumably via the NF-κB/NLRP3/IL-1βinflammatory axis.In summary,Ozurdex provides a potential therapeutic option for traumatic PVR.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the effectiveness of knock-down of heat shock protein 47(HSP47)on conjunctival bleb scarring in a rat model and its possible mechanism.METHODS:Male Sprague–Dawley rats were used for glaucoma filtratio...AIM:To evaluate the effectiveness of knock-down of heat shock protein 47(HSP47)on conjunctival bleb scarring in a rat model and its possible mechanism.METHODS:Male Sprague–Dawley rats were used for glaucoma filtration surgery(GFS)and were treated with either phosphate buffered solution,shControl,mitomycin C,or sh-HSP47 using a microsyringe immediately after GFS.The morphology of filtering blebs was observed postoperatively.The levels of HSP47 were analyzed at 2,5,8,and 11d after GFS via real‑time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and Western blot.The silencing effect of HSP47,the expression of collagen I and III,and the potential signaling pathways of HSP47 during scarification were explored 11d post GFS.The protein levels of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),phospho-Smad2(pSmad2),phospho-Smad3(p-Smad3),and phospho-p38(p-p38)were also analyzed using Western blot.RESULTS:Sh-HSP47 treatment significantly prolonged the functional filtration bleb retention.The levels of HSP47 were increased significantly at 5,8,and 11d postoperatively compared to the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01,and P<0.001).The levels of HSP47 protein at day 11 postoperatively were significantly down-regulated after HSP47 silencing using sh-HSP47 adenovirus transfection(P<0.01).Expression levels of collagen I and III within the blebs were significantly reduced in the absence of HSP47(P<0.01).Moreover,the protein levels of TGF-β1,p-Smad2/3,and p-p38 were dramatically inhibited after treatment with sh-HSP47(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The inhibitory effects of HSP47 knockdown on scarring after GFS have the potential to be an efficacious therapeutic option for the treatment of conjunctival bleb scarring.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the aldose reductase(AR)inhibition capacity of astragalin(AST)against streptozoticin-induced diabetic cataracts(DCs)in rats.METHODS:Ex vivo investigations were conducted by treating the lens of a go...AIM:To investigate the aldose reductase(AR)inhibition capacity of astragalin(AST)against streptozoticin-induced diabetic cataracts(DCs)in rats.METHODS:Ex vivo investigations were conducted by treating the lens of a goat placed for 72h in artificial aqueous humor(AAH)of pH 7.8 at room temperature with cataract-causing substance(55 mmol/L of galactose)and in vivo studies were performed on rats via induction with streptozotocin.AST was administered at different dose levels and scrutinize for DC activity.RESULTS:In diabetic rats,AST improved the body weight,blood insulin,and glucose as well as the levels of galactitol in a dose-dependent way,other biochemical parameters i.e.inflammatory mediators and cytokines,and also suppress AR activity.The level of the antioxidant parameters such as superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and glutathione(GSH)activity were also altered on a diabetic lens after the administration of the AST.CONCLUSION:AST protects against lens opacification to avoid cataracts and polyols formation,indicating that it could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for diabetes.展开更多
Dear Editor,I am writing this letter to present an unusual case of orbital inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor(IMT)diagnosed due to high intraocular pressure(IOP).IMT is a rare mesenchymal,low-grade malignant or border...Dear Editor,I am writing this letter to present an unusual case of orbital inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor(IMT)diagnosed due to high intraocular pressure(IOP).IMT is a rare mesenchymal,low-grade malignant or borderline tumor,composed of differentiated myofibroblastic spindle cells,often accompanied by plasma cells and lymphocyte infiltration[1].The onset in most patients is insidious.展开更多
Dear Editor,We are writing this letter to report two unusual cases of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery(FLACS)in two ICL-implanted patients with significant different vault.FLACS has been confirmed by accumu...Dear Editor,We are writing this letter to report two unusual cases of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery(FLACS)in two ICL-implanted patients with significant different vault.FLACS has been confirmed by accumulating evidence to improve the safety and precision of surgery from common cases to complicated cases in treating cataracts[1-3].Implantable collamer lens(ICL)implantation possesses a good performance in its predictability,reversibility,and the rapid visual recovery.展开更多
AIM:To assess the visual correction of patients with different degrees of astigmatism with toric soft contact lenses(TSC).METHODS:It was a real-world study with prospective and single-arm design.A total of 384 patient...AIM:To assess the visual correction of patients with different degrees of astigmatism with toric soft contact lenses(TSC).METHODS:It was a real-world study with prospective and single-arm design.A total of 384 patients with astigmatism who came for TSC fitting and alignment from November 2022 to January 2023 were included.According to the difference in astigmatism,patients were divided into groups A(cylinder degree:-0.75 to-0.50 D),B(cylinder degree:-1.75 to-1.00 D)and C(cylinder degree≤-2.00 D),and followed up on the day of wear,1wk,1 and 3mo,mainly to observe visual acuity,refraction,lens fit,visual quality and comfort at 1wk after wear.The visual acuity success rate and the overall success rate of the fitting were evaluation indicators(taking into account the four dimensions of visual acuity,fitting,quality of vision and comfort).The visual acuity success rate was calculated by taking“corrected visual acuity with contact lenses is no less than 1 line or better than best spectacle-corrected visual acuity”(i.e.corrected visual acuity with contact lenses is 1 line below,equal to,one line above or more than best spectaclecorrected visual acuity)as the criterion for visual success,and the the overall success rate of the fitting was calculated by using the comprehensive indicators(visual acuity,fit,visual quality,comfort)to meet certain conditions as the judgment criteria for successful fitting.RESULTS:After 1wk of wearing TSC,the visual acuity success rates of patients were 100%(207/207),98.58%(139/141)and 97.22%(35/36)in the three groups,respectively,with residual cylinder closed to 0.The acceptability of the lens fitting was over 95%;the incidence of adverse visual symptoms was within 10%and the comfort acceptability was over 97%.The overall success rate of fitting for patients with high,medium and low astigmatism was 93.72%(194/207),90.78%(128/141)and 88.89%(32/36),respectively.CONCLUSION:TSC(model:G&G POP·CT)are effective in correcting astigmatism in patients with different degrees of astigmatism.展开更多
Dear Editor,We are writing this letter to report a micro-macular hole(mMH)following the intraoperative rotation of implantable collamer lens(ICL,V4c,Staar Surgical,Monrovia,CA,USA)without ophthalmic viscosurgical devi...Dear Editor,We are writing this letter to report a micro-macular hole(mMH)following the intraoperative rotation of implantable collamer lens(ICL,V4c,Staar Surgical,Monrovia,CA,USA)without ophthalmic viscosurgical device(OVD)assistance and eventually this mMH closed spontaneously.展开更多
AIM:To determine the 15-year outcomes of laser dacryoplasty(LDP)in patients with lacrimal duct obstruction;and to evaluate LDP combined with intubation using a new silicone tube to treat complicated cases.METHODS:Pati...AIM:To determine the 15-year outcomes of laser dacryoplasty(LDP)in patients with lacrimal duct obstruction;and to evaluate LDP combined with intubation using a new silicone tube to treat complicated cases.METHODS:Patients with lacrimal duct obstruction and treated with LDP between April 2000 and April 2005 were investigated retrospectively.Totally 116 eyes with completed 15-year follow-up records were included in this study.For complicated cases(52 eyes of 52 patients),both LDP and intubation using a self-made silicon tube were performed.For patients with uncomplicated obstruction(64 eyes of 61 patients),only LDP was performed.Outcomes were assessed based on results of lacrimal irrigation and degree of symptoms during follow-up.RESULTS:At the follow-up time of 15y,81 eyes achieved full success(69.8%);21 eyes got improved(18.1%);and 14 eyes were considered failure(12.1%).The success rate was 71.2%(37/52 eyes)for complicated cases;and 68.8%(44/64 eyes)for uncomplicated cases.No statistically significant difference between two groups was observed(P=0.961).No postoperative complication was observed.CONCLUSION:LDP is a well-tolerated,simple,and effective procedure with satisfactory long-term outcomes in selected patients,which make it a good alternative to conventional dacryocystorhinostomy.In addition,intubation with the self-made mono-canalicular silicone tube facilitates the management of complicated cases with few complications.展开更多
Dear Editor,We present the reported case of a 37-year-old male atypical Cogan’s syndrome(CS)patient who was precisely diagnosed and clinically cured under our systematic therapeutic regime.CS is a rare autoimmune dis...Dear Editor,We present the reported case of a 37-year-old male atypical Cogan’s syndrome(CS)patient who was precisely diagnosed and clinically cured under our systematic therapeutic regime.CS is a rare autoimmune disorder involving the eye,characterised by interstitial keratitis(IK)and the auditory-vestibulo system with vestibular dysfunction.展开更多
Marfan syndrome is a rare genetic disease,and the condition of most patients deteriorates with age.The lesions are mainly cardiovascular,skeletal,and ocular lesions.Its clinical manifestations are characterized by con...Marfan syndrome is a rare genetic disease,and the condition of most patients deteriorates with age.The lesions are mainly cardiovascular,skeletal,and ocular lesions.Its clinical manifestations are characterized by congenital heart disease,ectopic lens,slender body,slender limbs,spider fingers(toes),and general muscle dysplasia.In the early stage of this disease,when the symptoms are not yet clearly manifested,some patients came to the hospital for treatment due to decreased vision.According to the particularity of crystal dislocation patients with Marfan syndrome,this article provides home nursing education in terms of physiological and psychological aspects,and builds an effective home nursing model to promote the physical and mental recovery of patients.展开更多
AIM:To explore whether the retinal neovascularization(NV)in a genetic mutant mice model could be ameliorated in an inherited retinitis pigmentosa(RP)mouse,which would help to elucidate the possible mechanism and preve...AIM:To explore whether the retinal neovascularization(NV)in a genetic mutant mice model could be ameliorated in an inherited retinitis pigmentosa(RP)mouse,which would help to elucidate the possible mechanism and prevention of retinal NV diseases in clinic.METHODS:The Vldlr^(-/-)mice,the genetic mutant mouse model of retinal NV caused by the homozygous mutation of Vldlr gene,with the rd1 mice,the inherited RP mouse caused by homozygous mutation of Pde6b gene were bred.Intercrossing of the above two mice led to the birth of the F1 hybrids,further inbreeding of which gave birth to the F2 offspring.The ocular genotypes and phenotypes of the mice from all generations were examined,with the F2 offspring grouped according to the genotypes.RESULTS:The rd1 mice exhibited the RP phenotype of outer retinal degeneration and loss of retinal function.The Vldlr^(-/-)mice exhibited the phenotype of retinal NV obviously shown by the fundus fluorescein angiography.The F1 hydrides,with the heterozygote genotype,exhibited no phenotypes of RP or retinal NV.The F2 offspring with homozygous genotypes were grouped into four subgroups.They were the F2-Ⅰmice with the wild-type Pde6b and Vldlr genes(Pde6b~(+/+)-Vldlr~(+/+)),which had normal ocular phenotypes;the F2-Ⅱmice with homozygous mutant Vldlr gene(Pde6b~(+/+)-Vldlr^(-/-)),which exhibited the retinal NV phenotype;the F2-Ⅲmice with homozygous mutant Pde6b gene(Pde6b^(-/-)-Vldlr~(+/+)),which exhibited the RP phenotype.Specifically,the F2-Ⅳmice with homozygous mutant Vldlr and Pde6b gene(Pde6b^(-/-)-Vldlr^(-/-))showed only the RP phenotype,without the signs of retinal NV.CONCLUSION:The retinal NV can be inhibited by the RP phenotype,which implies the role of a hyperoxic state in treating retinal NV diseases.展开更多
Citation:Xu QQ,Wang WW,Zhu J,Liu JR.An unusual case of malignant glaucoma with ciliary detachment.Int J Ophthalmol 2021;14(12):1988-1992 Dear Editor,I am writing this letter to present an unusual case of malignant gla...Citation:Xu QQ,Wang WW,Zhu J,Liu JR.An unusual case of malignant glaucoma with ciliary detachment.Int J Ophthalmol 2021;14(12):1988-1992 Dear Editor,I am writing this letter to present an unusual case of malignant glaucoma with ciliary detachment.Malignant glaucoma has an incidence of 0.6%-4%and mostly occurs after filtering surgery for primary angle-closure glaucoma.After surgery,the intraocular pressure(IOP)does not decrease but increases,and the anterior chamber(AC)becomes shallower or disappears.There is an obvious ophthalmodynia,and the disease rapidly worsens,thus seriously threatening the visual function of patients[1-3].So far,no cases of malignant glaucoma combined with ciliary detachment have been reported.Complete comprehension of the symptoms of malignant glaucoma with ciliary detachment is crucial for preserving the patients’visual function,diagnosing the disease at the early stage,and conducting correct and effective treatment.展开更多
Dear Editor,Intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB) account for 18%to 41%of open globe injuries (OGI),which can cause severe vision loss and bring a heavy economic burden to the patients and society.Most of the IOFB (58%-88...Dear Editor,Intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB) account for 18%to 41%of open globe injuries (OGI),which can cause severe vision loss and bring a heavy economic burden to the patients and society.Most of the IOFB (58%-88%) are located in the ocular posterior segment.Foreign bodies (FB) in the suprachoroid are rare.From January 1,2015 to April 30,2020,there were 2110 cases of OGI in Ocular Trauma Center of Xi’an Fourth Hospital,and 3 cases of suprachoroidal FB were detected among 409 cases of IOFB.Now we reported these cases.展开更多
The Schizophrenia Imaging Laboratory(SIL)data are based on a collaboration of>10 years studying the schizophrenic brain using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in Xi’an,China.Collection of SIL data(N=665;319 patients...The Schizophrenia Imaging Laboratory(SIL)data are based on a collaboration of>10 years studying the schizophrenic brain using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in Xi’an,China.Collection of SIL data(N=665;319 patients,48 first-degree relatives,and 298 control participants)started in 2011,with the purpose of performing a trans-scale study focusing on schizophrenia,and this has since diversified into three datasets:pooling clinical assessment,neuroimaging and genetic data to answer clinical and preclinical questions in psychiatry.展开更多
Numerous therapeutic anti-tumor strategies have been developed in recent decades.However,their therapeutic efficacy is reduced by the intrinsic protective autophagy of tumors.Autophagy plays a key role in tumorigenesi...Numerous therapeutic anti-tumor strategies have been developed in recent decades.However,their therapeutic efficacy is reduced by the intrinsic protective autophagy of tumors.Autophagy plays a key role in tumorigenesis and tumor treatment,in which the overproduction of reactive oxygen species(ROS)is recognized as the direct cause of protective autophagy.Only a few molecules have been employed as autophagy inhibitors in tumor therapy to reduce protective autophagy.Among them,hydroxychloroquine is the most commonly used autophagy inhibitor in clinics,but it is severely limited by its high therapeutic dose,significant toxicity,poor reversal efficacy,and nonspecific action.Herein,we demonstrate a reductive-damage strategy to enable tumor therapy by the inhibition of protective autophagy via the catalytic scavenging of ROS using porous nanorods of ceria(PN-CeO_(2))nanozymes as autophagy inhibitor.The antineoplastic effects of PN-CeO_(2)were mediated by its high reductive activity for intratumoral ROS degradation,thereby inhibiting protective autophagy and activating apoptosis by suppressing the activities of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.Further investigation highlighted PN-CeO_(2)as a safe and efficient anti-tumor autophagy inhibitor.Overall,this study presents a reductive-damage strategy as a promising anti-tumor approach that catalytically inhibits autophagy and activates the intrinsic antioxidant pathways of tumor cells and also shows its potential for the therapy of other autophagy-related diseases.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81070720,No.81570823,No.81873674)Xi’an Fourth Hospital Research Incubation Fund(No.LH-6)。
文摘AIM:To study the effect of thioltransferase(TTase)on oxidative stress in human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)induced by high glucose and advanced glycation end products(AGEs).METHODS:HLECs were treated with 35.5 mmol/L glucose or 1.5 mg/mL AGEs modified bovine serum albumin(AGEs-BSA)as the experimental groups,respectively.Cells were collected at the time point of 1,2,3,and 4 d.The TTase activity were measured accordingly.TTase mRNA levels were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain response(qRT-RCR)and its protein level was detected by Western blot.The siRNA was used to knock down the expression of TTase.The activity of catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD),the content of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and the ratio of oxidized glutathione/total glutathione(GSSG/T-GSH)were assessed in different groups,respectively.RESULTS:The level of TTase mRNA gradually increased and reached the top at 2 d,then it decreased to the normal level at 4 d,and the TTase activity increased from 2 to 3 d in both high glucose and AGEs-BSA groups.The TTase expression elevated from 2 d in high glucose group,and it began to rise from 3 d in AGEs-BSA group.The activity of CAT and SOD showed a decrease and the content of ROS and the ratio of GSSG/T-GSH showed an increase in high glucose and AGEs-BSA group.These biochemical alterations were more prominent in the groups with TTase siRNA.CONCLUSION:High glucose and AGEs can increase ROS content in HLECs;therefore,it induces oxidative stress.This may result in the decreased GSH and increased GSSG content,impaired activity of SOD and CAT.The up-regulated TTase likely provides oxidation damage repair induced by high glucose and AGEs in the early stage.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81974135,No.81900851)。
文摘AIM:To evaluate the effects of intravitreal slow-release dexamethasone on traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR)and Müller cell gliosis and preliminarily explored the possible inflammatory mechanism in a rabbit model induced by penetrating ocular trauma.METHODS:Traumatic PVR was induced in the right eyes of pigmented rabbits by performing an 8-mm circumferential scleral incision placed 2.5 mm behind the limbus,followed by treatment with a slow-release dexamethasone implant(Ozurdex)or sham injection.Left eyes were used as normal controls.The intraocular pressure(IOP)was monitored using an iCare tonometer.PVR severity was evaluated via anatomical and histopathological examinations every week for 6wk;specific inflammatory cytokine and proliferative marker levels were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,Western blot,protein chip analysis,or immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS:During the observation period,PVR severity gradually increased.Intense Müller cell gliosis was observed in the peripheral retina near the wound and in the whole retina of PVR group.Ozurdex significantly alleviated PVR development and Müller cell gliosis.Post-traumatic inflammation fluctuated and was persistent.The interleukin-1β(IL-1β)mRNA level was significantly upregulated,peaking on day 3 and increasing again on day 21 after injury.The expression of nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)showed a similar trend that began earlier than that of IL-1βexpression.Ozurdex suppressed the expression of IL-1β,NLRP3,and phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB).The average IOP after treatment was within normal limits.CONCLUSION:The present study demonstrates chronic and fluctuating inflammation in a traumatic PVR rabbit model over 6wk.Ozurdex treatment significantly inhibites inflammatory cytokines expression and Müller cell gliosis,and thus alleviates PVR severity.This study highlights the important role of IL-1β,and Ozurdex inhibites inflammation presumably via the NF-κB/NLRP3/IL-1βinflammatory axis.In summary,Ozurdex provides a potential therapeutic option for traumatic PVR.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81500719)Shaanxi Science and Technology Project(No.2022SF-434)Xi’an Science and Technology Project(No.21YXYJ0044).
文摘AIM:To evaluate the effectiveness of knock-down of heat shock protein 47(HSP47)on conjunctival bleb scarring in a rat model and its possible mechanism.METHODS:Male Sprague–Dawley rats were used for glaucoma filtration surgery(GFS)and were treated with either phosphate buffered solution,shControl,mitomycin C,or sh-HSP47 using a microsyringe immediately after GFS.The morphology of filtering blebs was observed postoperatively.The levels of HSP47 were analyzed at 2,5,8,and 11d after GFS via real‑time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and Western blot.The silencing effect of HSP47,the expression of collagen I and III,and the potential signaling pathways of HSP47 during scarification were explored 11d post GFS.The protein levels of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),phospho-Smad2(pSmad2),phospho-Smad3(p-Smad3),and phospho-p38(p-p38)were also analyzed using Western blot.RESULTS:Sh-HSP47 treatment significantly prolonged the functional filtration bleb retention.The levels of HSP47 were increased significantly at 5,8,and 11d postoperatively compared to the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01,and P<0.001).The levels of HSP47 protein at day 11 postoperatively were significantly down-regulated after HSP47 silencing using sh-HSP47 adenovirus transfection(P<0.01).Expression levels of collagen I and III within the blebs were significantly reduced in the absence of HSP47(P<0.01).Moreover,the protein levels of TGF-β1,p-Smad2/3,and p-p38 were dramatically inhibited after treatment with sh-HSP47(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The inhibitory effects of HSP47 knockdown on scarring after GFS have the potential to be an efficacious therapeutic option for the treatment of conjunctival bleb scarring.
文摘AIM:To investigate the aldose reductase(AR)inhibition capacity of astragalin(AST)against streptozoticin-induced diabetic cataracts(DCs)in rats.METHODS:Ex vivo investigations were conducted by treating the lens of a goat placed for 72h in artificial aqueous humor(AAH)of pH 7.8 at room temperature with cataract-causing substance(55 mmol/L of galactose)and in vivo studies were performed on rats via induction with streptozotocin.AST was administered at different dose levels and scrutinize for DC activity.RESULTS:In diabetic rats,AST improved the body weight,blood insulin,and glucose as well as the levels of galactitol in a dose-dependent way,other biochemical parameters i.e.inflammatory mediators and cytokines,and also suppress AR activity.The level of the antioxidant parameters such as superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and glutathione(GSH)activity were also altered on a diabetic lens after the administration of the AST.CONCLUSION:AST protects against lens opacification to avoid cataracts and polyols formation,indicating that it could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for diabetes.
基金Supported by the Xi’an Science and Technology Plan Project(No.21YXYJ0044)the Research Incubaiton of Xi’an People’s Hospital(Xi’an Fourth Hospital,No.BS-2)。
文摘Dear Editor,I am writing this letter to present an unusual case of orbital inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor(IMT)diagnosed due to high intraocular pressure(IOP).IMT is a rare mesenchymal,low-grade malignant or borderline tumor,composed of differentiated myofibroblastic spindle cells,often accompanied by plasma cells and lymphocyte infiltration[1].The onset in most patients is insidious.
基金Supported by Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2020SF-271,No.2017SF-273)。
文摘Dear Editor,We are writing this letter to report two unusual cases of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery(FLACS)in two ICL-implanted patients with significant different vault.FLACS has been confirmed by accumulating evidence to improve the safety and precision of surgery from common cases to complicated cases in treating cataracts[1-3].Implantable collamer lens(ICL)implantation possesses a good performance in its predictability,reversibility,and the rapid visual recovery.
基金Supported by Key R&D Plan of Shaanxi Province:Key Industrial Innovation Chain(Cluster)-Social Development Field(No.2022ZDLSF03-10).
文摘AIM:To assess the visual correction of patients with different degrees of astigmatism with toric soft contact lenses(TSC).METHODS:It was a real-world study with prospective and single-arm design.A total of 384 patients with astigmatism who came for TSC fitting and alignment from November 2022 to January 2023 were included.According to the difference in astigmatism,patients were divided into groups A(cylinder degree:-0.75 to-0.50 D),B(cylinder degree:-1.75 to-1.00 D)and C(cylinder degree≤-2.00 D),and followed up on the day of wear,1wk,1 and 3mo,mainly to observe visual acuity,refraction,lens fit,visual quality and comfort at 1wk after wear.The visual acuity success rate and the overall success rate of the fitting were evaluation indicators(taking into account the four dimensions of visual acuity,fitting,quality of vision and comfort).The visual acuity success rate was calculated by taking“corrected visual acuity with contact lenses is no less than 1 line or better than best spectacle-corrected visual acuity”(i.e.corrected visual acuity with contact lenses is 1 line below,equal to,one line above or more than best spectaclecorrected visual acuity)as the criterion for visual success,and the the overall success rate of the fitting was calculated by using the comprehensive indicators(visual acuity,fit,visual quality,comfort)to meet certain conditions as the judgment criteria for successful fitting.RESULTS:After 1wk of wearing TSC,the visual acuity success rates of patients were 100%(207/207),98.58%(139/141)and 97.22%(35/36)in the three groups,respectively,with residual cylinder closed to 0.The acceptability of the lens fitting was over 95%;the incidence of adverse visual symptoms was within 10%and the comfort acceptability was over 97%.The overall success rate of fitting for patients with high,medium and low astigmatism was 93.72%(194/207),90.78%(128/141)and 88.89%(32/36),respectively.CONCLUSION:TSC(model:G&G POP·CT)are effective in correcting astigmatism in patients with different degrees of astigmatism.
文摘Dear Editor,We are writing this letter to report a micro-macular hole(mMH)following the intraoperative rotation of implantable collamer lens(ICL,V4c,Staar Surgical,Monrovia,CA,USA)without ophthalmic viscosurgical device(OVD)assistance and eventually this mMH closed spontaneously.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Young Scientists Grant(No.81400380,No.82000862)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.XJJ2014076,No.XZY012022117)+1 种基金Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi,China(No.2023-YBSF-568,No.2021-SF156)the Integration Innovation Program of Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center(No.YXJLRH2022037).
文摘AIM:To determine the 15-year outcomes of laser dacryoplasty(LDP)in patients with lacrimal duct obstruction;and to evaluate LDP combined with intubation using a new silicone tube to treat complicated cases.METHODS:Patients with lacrimal duct obstruction and treated with LDP between April 2000 and April 2005 were investigated retrospectively.Totally 116 eyes with completed 15-year follow-up records were included in this study.For complicated cases(52 eyes of 52 patients),both LDP and intubation using a self-made silicon tube were performed.For patients with uncomplicated obstruction(64 eyes of 61 patients),only LDP was performed.Outcomes were assessed based on results of lacrimal irrigation and degree of symptoms during follow-up.RESULTS:At the follow-up time of 15y,81 eyes achieved full success(69.8%);21 eyes got improved(18.1%);and 14 eyes were considered failure(12.1%).The success rate was 71.2%(37/52 eyes)for complicated cases;and 68.8%(44/64 eyes)for uncomplicated cases.No statistically significant difference between two groups was observed(P=0.961).No postoperative complication was observed.CONCLUSION:LDP is a well-tolerated,simple,and effective procedure with satisfactory long-term outcomes in selected patients,which make it a good alternative to conventional dacryocystorhinostomy.In addition,intubation with the self-made mono-canalicular silicone tube facilitates the management of complicated cases with few complications.
文摘Dear Editor,We present the reported case of a 37-year-old male atypical Cogan’s syndrome(CS)patient who was precisely diagnosed and clinically cured under our systematic therapeutic regime.CS is a rare autoimmune disorder involving the eye,characterised by interstitial keratitis(IK)and the auditory-vestibulo system with vestibular dysfunction.
基金Xi’an People’s Hospital(Xi’an Fourth Hospital)Scientific Research Incubation Fund Project:Analysis of Failure Factors and Selection of ICL Intraocular Lens Implantation based on Statistical Analysis.Project number:FZ-72Xi’an Science and Technology Plan Project:Failure Mode Analysis of ICL Implantation Within One Year and Improvement of Artificial Lens Microstructure Based on Biomechanics.Project number:21YXYJ0047。
文摘Marfan syndrome is a rare genetic disease,and the condition of most patients deteriorates with age.The lesions are mainly cardiovascular,skeletal,and ocular lesions.Its clinical manifestations are characterized by congenital heart disease,ectopic lens,slender body,slender limbs,spider fingers(toes),and general muscle dysplasia.In the early stage of this disease,when the symptoms are not yet clearly manifested,some patients came to the hospital for treatment due to decreased vision.According to the particularity of crystal dislocation patients with Marfan syndrome,this article provides home nursing education in terms of physiological and psychological aspects,and builds an effective home nursing model to promote the physical and mental recovery of patients.
基金Supported by the Pilot Project of Fujian Province(No.2016Y0067,No.2020Y0076,No.2020J05282)the Foundation of Key Research Plan of Shaanxi Province(No.2018SF-257)the Scientific Research Project of the 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force,PLA of 2018(No.2018Q02)。
文摘AIM:To explore whether the retinal neovascularization(NV)in a genetic mutant mice model could be ameliorated in an inherited retinitis pigmentosa(RP)mouse,which would help to elucidate the possible mechanism and prevention of retinal NV diseases in clinic.METHODS:The Vldlr^(-/-)mice,the genetic mutant mouse model of retinal NV caused by the homozygous mutation of Vldlr gene,with the rd1 mice,the inherited RP mouse caused by homozygous mutation of Pde6b gene were bred.Intercrossing of the above two mice led to the birth of the F1 hybrids,further inbreeding of which gave birth to the F2 offspring.The ocular genotypes and phenotypes of the mice from all generations were examined,with the F2 offspring grouped according to the genotypes.RESULTS:The rd1 mice exhibited the RP phenotype of outer retinal degeneration and loss of retinal function.The Vldlr^(-/-)mice exhibited the phenotype of retinal NV obviously shown by the fundus fluorescein angiography.The F1 hydrides,with the heterozygote genotype,exhibited no phenotypes of RP or retinal NV.The F2 offspring with homozygous genotypes were grouped into four subgroups.They were the F2-Ⅰmice with the wild-type Pde6b and Vldlr genes(Pde6b~(+/+)-Vldlr~(+/+)),which had normal ocular phenotypes;the F2-Ⅱmice with homozygous mutant Vldlr gene(Pde6b~(+/+)-Vldlr^(-/-)),which exhibited the retinal NV phenotype;the F2-Ⅲmice with homozygous mutant Pde6b gene(Pde6b^(-/-)-Vldlr~(+/+)),which exhibited the RP phenotype.Specifically,the F2-Ⅳmice with homozygous mutant Vldlr and Pde6b gene(Pde6b^(-/-)-Vldlr^(-/-))showed only the RP phenotype,without the signs of retinal NV.CONCLUSION:The retinal NV can be inhibited by the RP phenotype,which implies the role of a hyperoxic state in treating retinal NV diseases.
基金the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China (No.81500719)Shaanxi ProvinceInnovation Talents Promotion Plan (No.2018KJXX-091)Research Incubaiton of Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an FourthHospital) (No.BS-2).
文摘Citation:Xu QQ,Wang WW,Zhu J,Liu JR.An unusual case of malignant glaucoma with ciliary detachment.Int J Ophthalmol 2021;14(12):1988-1992 Dear Editor,I am writing this letter to present an unusual case of malignant glaucoma with ciliary detachment.Malignant glaucoma has an incidence of 0.6%-4%and mostly occurs after filtering surgery for primary angle-closure glaucoma.After surgery,the intraocular pressure(IOP)does not decrease but increases,and the anterior chamber(AC)becomes shallower or disappears.There is an obvious ophthalmodynia,and the disease rapidly worsens,thus seriously threatening the visual function of patients[1-3].So far,no cases of malignant glaucoma combined with ciliary detachment have been reported.Complete comprehension of the symptoms of malignant glaucoma with ciliary detachment is crucial for preserving the patients’visual function,diagnosing the disease at the early stage,and conducting correct and effective treatment.
文摘Dear Editor,Intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB) account for 18%to 41%of open globe injuries (OGI),which can cause severe vision loss and bring a heavy economic burden to the patients and society.Most of the IOFB (58%-88%) are located in the ocular posterior segment.Foreign bodies (FB) in the suprachoroid are rare.From January 1,2015 to April 30,2020,there were 2110 cases of OGI in Ocular Trauma Center of Xi’an Fourth Hospital,and 3 cases of suprachoroidal FB were detected among 409 cases of IOFB.Now we reported these cases.
文摘The Schizophrenia Imaging Laboratory(SIL)data are based on a collaboration of>10 years studying the schizophrenic brain using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in Xi’an,China.Collection of SIL data(N=665;319 patients,48 first-degree relatives,and 298 control participants)started in 2011,with the purpose of performing a trans-scale study focusing on schizophrenia,and this has since diversified into three datasets:pooling clinical assessment,neuroimaging and genetic data to answer clinical and preclinical questions in psychiatry.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81972938,52002314,and 21872109)partially supported by Funds of Shaanxi Province(Nos.2021ZDLSF03-01,2020TD-043,and TZ0124)+2 种基金General Project of Shaanxi Natural Science Basic Research Plan(No.2021JM-589)Xi’an People’s Hospital(Xi’an Fourth Hospital)Research Incubation Fund Project(LH-1)the support from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.D5000210829 and G2021KY05102).
文摘Numerous therapeutic anti-tumor strategies have been developed in recent decades.However,their therapeutic efficacy is reduced by the intrinsic protective autophagy of tumors.Autophagy plays a key role in tumorigenesis and tumor treatment,in which the overproduction of reactive oxygen species(ROS)is recognized as the direct cause of protective autophagy.Only a few molecules have been employed as autophagy inhibitors in tumor therapy to reduce protective autophagy.Among them,hydroxychloroquine is the most commonly used autophagy inhibitor in clinics,but it is severely limited by its high therapeutic dose,significant toxicity,poor reversal efficacy,and nonspecific action.Herein,we demonstrate a reductive-damage strategy to enable tumor therapy by the inhibition of protective autophagy via the catalytic scavenging of ROS using porous nanorods of ceria(PN-CeO_(2))nanozymes as autophagy inhibitor.The antineoplastic effects of PN-CeO_(2)were mediated by its high reductive activity for intratumoral ROS degradation,thereby inhibiting protective autophagy and activating apoptosis by suppressing the activities of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.Further investigation highlighted PN-CeO_(2)as a safe and efficient anti-tumor autophagy inhibitor.Overall,this study presents a reductive-damage strategy as a promising anti-tumor approach that catalytically inhibits autophagy and activates the intrinsic antioxidant pathways of tumor cells and also shows its potential for the therapy of other autophagy-related diseases.
