Seeking intrinsically low thermal conductivity materials is a viable strategy in the pursuit of high-performance thermoelectric materials.Here,by using first-principles calculations and semiclassical Boltzmann transpo...Seeking intrinsically low thermal conductivity materials is a viable strategy in the pursuit of high-performance thermoelectric materials.Here,by using first-principles calculations and semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory,we systemically investigate the carrier transport and thermoelectric properties of monolayer Janus GaInX_(3)(X=S,Se,Te).It is found that the lattice thermal conductivities can reach values as low as 3.07 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),1.16 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)and 0.57 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)for GaInS_(3),GaInSe_(3),and GaInTe_(3),respectively,at room temperature.This notably low thermal conductivity is attributed to strong acoustic-optical phonon coupling caused by the presence of low-frequency optical phonons in GaInX_(3) materials.Furthermore,by integrating the charac teristics of electronic and thermal transport,the dimensionless figure of merit ZT can reach maximum values of 0.95,2.37,and 3.00 for GaInS_(3),GaInSe_(3),and GaInTe_(3),respectively.Our results suggest that monolayer Janus GaInX_(3)(X=S,Se,Te)is a promising candidate for thermoelectric and heat management applications.展开更多
Non-penetration laser welding of lap joints in austenitic stainless steel sheets is commonly preferred in fields where the surface quality is of utmost importance.However,the application of non-penetration welded aust...Non-penetration laser welding of lap joints in austenitic stainless steel sheets is commonly preferred in fields where the surface quality is of utmost importance.However,the application of non-penetration welded austenitic stainless steel parts is limited owing to the micro bulging distortion that occurs on the back surface of the partial penetration side.In this paper,non-penetration lap laser welding experiments,were conducted on galvanized and SUS304 austenitic stainless steel plates using a fiber laser,to investigate the mechanism of bulging distortion.A comparative experiment of DC01 galvanized steel-Q235 carbon steel lap laser welding was carried out,and the deflection and distortion profile of partially penetrated side of the sheets were measured using a noncontact laser interferometer.In addition,the cold-rolled SUS304 was subjected to heat holding at different temperatures and water quenching after bending to characterize its microstructure under tensile and compressive stress.The results show that,during the heating stage of the thermal cycle of laser lap welding,the partial penetration side of the SUS304 steel sheet generates compressive stress,which extrudes the material in the heat-affected zone to the outside of the back of the SUS304 steel sheet,thereby forming a bulge.The findings of these experiments can be of great value for controlling the distortion of the partial penetrated side of austenitic stainless steel sheet during laser non-penetration lap welding.展开更多
Background:Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is a common condition in middle-aged and elderly men.Enlargement of the prostate causes lower urinary tract symptoms.Capsaicin is a phytochemical extracted from chili pepper...Background:Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is a common condition in middle-aged and elderly men.Enlargement of the prostate causes lower urinary tract symptoms.Capsaicin is a phytochemical extracted from chili peppers and exerts many pharmacological actions,such as anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects.Methods:Our study investigated the effect of capsaicin in vitro and in a mouse model in vivo.A prostatic stromal myofibroblast cell line(WPMY-1)was co-incubated with testosterone(1µM)and different concentrations of capsaicin(10–100µM)for 24 and 48 h.Capsaicin(10–100µM)significantly inhibited testosterone-treated WPMY-1 cell growth at 48 h by MTT assay.The testosterone propionate(7.5 mg/kg)-induced BPH mouse model was used to examine the anti-proliferative effect of capsaicin.Treatment with capsaicin(10 mg/kg)for 14 days significantly attenuated prostatic hyperplasia.Finasteride was used as a positive control.Results:Capsaicin significantly decreased prostate weight and prostate index(prostate/body weight ratio)in BPH mice.The expression of 5α-reductase type II,androgen receptor(AR)and prostate specific antigen(PSA)protein expression and PSA serum were all significantly reduced in capsaicin-treated BPH mice.In addition,capsaicin also activated transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 mediated apoptosis and autophagy in BPH mice.Conclusion:These results demonstrate multiple positive effects of capsaicin in controlling prostate growth and suggest its therapeutic potential in the treatment of BPH.展开更多
In this paper, we consider the second-grade fluid equations in a 2D exterior domain satisfying the non-slip boundary conditions. The second-grade fluid model is a wellknown non-Newtonian fluid model, with two paramete...In this paper, we consider the second-grade fluid equations in a 2D exterior domain satisfying the non-slip boundary conditions. The second-grade fluid model is a wellknown non-Newtonian fluid model, with two parameters: α, which represents the length-scale,while ν > 0 corresponds to the viscosity. We prove that, as ν, α tend to zero, the solution of the second-grade fluid equations with suitable initial data converges to the one of Euler equations, provided that ν = o(α^(4/3)). Moreover, the convergent rate is obtained.展开更多
BACKGROUND Entecavir(ETV)is a potent and safe antiviral agent for patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB);however,some patients may exhibit suboptimal response or resistance to ETV.Tenofovir alafenamide(TAF)is a novel ...BACKGROUND Entecavir(ETV)is a potent and safe antiviral agent for patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB);however,some patients may exhibit suboptimal response or resistance to ETV.Tenofovir alafenamide(TAF)is a novel tenofovir prodrug with improved pharmacokinetics and reduced renal and bone toxicity compared with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of switching from ETV to TAF in patients with CHB exhibiting suboptimal response to ETV.METHODS A total of 60 patients with CHB who had been treated with ETV for at least 12 mo and had persistent or recurrent viremia[Hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA≥20 IU/mL]or partial virologic response(HBV DNA<20 IU/mL,but detectable)were enrolled in the study.The patients were randomly assigned to either continue ETV(0.5 mg)daily or switch to TAF(25 mg)daily for 48 wk.The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients who achieved a virologic response(HBV DNA level<20 IU/mL)at week 48.Secondary endpoints included changes in serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg),and anti-HBe levels,and renal and bone safety parameters.RESULTS At week 48,the proportion of patients who achieved a virologic response was significantly higher in the TAF group than in the ETV group(93.3%vs 66.7%,P=0.012).The mean reduction in HBV DNA from baseline was also significantly greater in the TAF group than in the ETV group(-3.8 vs-2.4 Log10 IU/mL,P<0.001).The rates of ALT normalization,HBeAg loss,HBeAg seroconversion,and HBsAg loss were not found to significantly differ between the two groups.None of the patients developed genotypic resistance to ETV or TAF.Both drugs were well tolerated,with no serious adverse events or discontinuations caused by adverse events.No significant changes were observed in the estimated glomerular filtration rate,serum creatinine level,or urine protein-to-creatinine ratio in either group.The TAF group had a significantly lower decrease in bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and hip than the ETV group(-0.8%vs-2.1%,P=0.004;-0.6%vs-1.8%,P=0.007,respectively).CONCLUSION Switching from ETV to TAF is effective and safe for patients with CHB exhibiting a suboptimal response to ETV and may prevent further viral resistance and reduce renal and bone toxicity.展开更多
Aging decreases muscle mass,strength,and functional capacity.High-salt stress seems to promote muscle aging and decrease lifespan.However,exercise delays muscle aging and increases longevity,and it may protect muscle ...Aging decreases muscle mass,strength,and functional capacity.High-salt stress seems to promote muscle aging and decrease lifespan.However,exercise delays muscle aging and increases longevity,and it may protect muscle from rapid aging induced by high-salt intake(HSI),but the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood.In this study,the flies were fed a high-salt diet and trained to exercise.Muscle CG2196(salt)gene and dSir2 gene were over-expressed by building mef2-gal4/UAS system.The results showed that both physical exercise and muscle dSir2 gene overexpression prevented HSI-induced and muscle salt overexpression-induced accelerated age-related decline of climbing index,climbing endurance,muscle NAD^(+)level,SOD activity level,dSir2 expression,and dFOXO expression,and they also prevented HSI-induced and muscle salt overexpression-induced accelerated age-related increase in muscle ROS level,MDA level,and salt gene expression.Physical exercise improved lifespan decrease induced by HSI and muscle salt overexpression.Therefore,current results indicated that high-salt stress accelerated muscle aging by decreasing muscular NAD^(+)/dSir2/dFOXO pathway activity and increasing oxidative stress.Physical exercise protected muscle from accelerated aging induced by high-salt stress through activating muscle NAD^(+)/dSir2/dFOXO pathway and enhancing muscle oxidation resistance.The combination of exercise and muscle dSir2 overexpression had the best protective effect on muscle aging and lifespan in flies.展开更多
Compressed Sensing(CS)is a Machine Learning(ML)method,which can be regarded as a single-layer unsupervised learning method.It mainly emphasizes the sparsity of the model.In this paper,we study an ML-based CS Channel E...Compressed Sensing(CS)is a Machine Learning(ML)method,which can be regarded as a single-layer unsupervised learning method.It mainly emphasizes the sparsity of the model.In this paper,we study an ML-based CS Channel Estimation(CE)method for wireless communications,which plays an important role in Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)applications.For the sparse correlation between channels in Multiple Input Multiple Output Filter Bank MultiCarrier with Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation(MIMO-FBMC/OQAM)systems,a Distributed Compressed Sensing(DCS)-based CE approach is studied.A distributed sparse adaptive weak selection threshold method is proposed for CE.Firstly,the correlation between MIMO channels is utilized to represent a joint sparse model,and CE is transformed into a joint sparse signal reconstruction problem.Then,the number of correlation atoms for inner product operation is optimized by weak selection threshold,and sparse signal reconstruction is realized by sparse adaptation.The experiment results show that the proposed DCS-based method not only estimates the multipath channel components accurately but also achieves higher CE performance than classical Orthogonal Matching Pursuit(OMP)method and other traditional DCS methods in the time-frequency dual selective channels.展开更多
The effects of Ce （Ⅳ） on callus growth, anthocyanin content, and expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in callus suspension cultures of Solanum tuberosum cv. Chieftain were studied by the measurement of fres...The effects of Ce （Ⅳ） on callus growth, anthocyanin content, and expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in callus suspension cultures of Solanum tuberosum cv. Chieftain were studied by the measurement of fresh weight, spectrophotometric assays, and semiquantitative RT-PCR. The results indicate that 0.1 mmol·L^- 1 Ce （ Ⅳ ） can promote callus growth, increase the accumulation of anthocyanins, and enhance the expression of five anthocyanin biosynthetic genes （ CHS, F3H, F3＇5＇H, DFR, and 3 GT） most efficiently. At high concentrations of 1 mmol·L^- 1, Ce （Ⅳ） partially inhibits callus growth and at 2 mmol· L^-1 eventually lends to cell death. The results show that Ce（ Ⅳ ） can induce the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes to produce and accumulate anthocyanins and increase the yield of anthocyanins.展开更多
Ca2＋ channel blockers have been shown to protect neurons from ischemia, and aerobic exercise has significant protective effects on a variety of chronic diseases. The present study injected huwentoxin-I （HWTX-I）, a ...Ca2＋ channel blockers have been shown to protect neurons from ischemia, and aerobic exercise has significant protective effects on a variety of chronic diseases. The present study injected huwentoxin-I （HWTX-I）, a spider peptide toxin that blocks Ca2＋ channels, into the caudal vein of a chronic cerebral ischemia mouse model, once every 2 days, for a total of 15 injections. During this time, a subgroup of mice was subjected to treadmill exercise for 5 weeks. Results showed amelioration of cortical injury and improved neurological function in mice with chronic cerebral ischemia in the HWTX-I ＋ aerobic exercise group. The combined effects of HWTX I and exercise were superior to HWTX-I or aerobic exercise alone. HWTX-I effectively activated the Notch signal transduction pathway in brain tissue. Aerobic exercise up-regulated synaptophysin mRNA expression. These results demonstrated that aerobic exercise, in combination with HWTX-I, effectively relieved neuronal injury induced by chronic cerebral ischemia via the Notch signaling pathway and promoting synaptic regeneration.展开更多
Small brown planthopper(SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus Fallén) is an important vector of major crop pathogen rice stripe virus(RSV). Controlling SBPH population is an efficient approach to control RSV. Long non-cod...Small brown planthopper(SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus Fallén) is an important vector of major crop pathogen rice stripe virus(RSV). Controlling SBPH population is an efficient approach to control RSV. Long non-coding RNAs(lnc RNA) have been reported to block virus replication in hosts. However, the function of lnc RNAs in RSV infection and replication is still unknown. Here, we aimed to study regulatory mechanisms of lnc RNA in an immune system during RSV infection. First, lnc RNA genes were predicted from SBPH transcriptomes using a bioinformatics pipeline based on characteristics of lnc RNA. We identified 4 786 lnc RNA genes corresponding to 5 790 transcripts in SBPH from an RNA-Seq dataset of 15 transcriptomes. Differential expression analysis indicated that 3, 11, and 25 lnc RNA genes were highly expressed in gut, salivary gland, and ovary, respectively, of viruliferous SBPH(Student’s t-test, P<0.05). We randomly selected eight lnc RNAs for expression validation using quantitative real-time PCR, confirming the differential expression of these lnc RNAs between viruliferous and non-viruliferous SBPH. In summary, we present evidence that the expression of lnc RNA genes was induced by RSV infection, suggesting that RSV might be involved in the antivirus immune system in SBPH and participate in regulating the RSV replication mechanism. These data provide helpful information for future investigations of the interaction between lncRNA and RSV.展开更多
The variable separation approach is used to obtain localized coherent structures of the new (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear partialdifferential equation. Applying the Backlund transformation and introducing the arbitraryf...The variable separation approach is used to obtain localized coherent structures of the new (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear partialdifferential equation. Applying the Backlund transformation and introducing the arbitraryfunctions of the seed solutions, the abundance of the localized structures of this model are derived. Some special types ofsolutions solitoff, dromions, dromion lattice, breathers and instantons are discussed by selecting the arbitrary functionsappropriately. The breathers may breath in their amplititudes, shapes, distances among the peaks and even the numberof the peaks.展开更多
With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics algorithms, great progress has been made in the field of noncoding RNA(ncRNA) in the last decade. RNA molecules have been regarded...With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics algorithms, great progress has been made in the field of noncoding RNA(ncRNA) in the last decade. RNA molecules have been regarded only as a messenger between DNA and protein for decades, but now they have new roles in the biological process as ncRNAs. A growing number of ncRNAs have been identified in insects from the RNA-Seq data of small RNA libraries or transcriptomes. ncRNAs have varied regulatory functions at the epigenetic, transcriptional, or post-transcriptional levels, and participate in almost all types of biological processes. Here, we review the research progress of four kinds of ncRNAs, including microRNA(miRNA), Piwiinteracting RNA(piRNA), circular RNA(circRNA), and long noncoding RNA(lncRNA) in insects. The discovery, biogenesis mechanisms, and regulatory functions of these ncRNAs are presented here to provide a comprehensive understanding of insect ncRNAs and to promote the application of ncRNAs in insect pest control.展开更多
Anthocyanins confer the wide range of colors for plants and also play beneficial health roles as potentially protective factors against heart disease and cancer. Brassica juncea is cultivated as an edible oil resource...Anthocyanins confer the wide range of colors for plants and also play beneficial health roles as potentially protective factors against heart disease and cancer. Brassica juncea is cultivated as an edible oil resource and vegetable crop worldwide, thus elucidating the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway would be helpful to improve the nutritional quality of Brassica juncea through the breeding and cultivating of high anthocyanin content varieties. Herein, 129 genes in B. juncea were identified as orthologs of 41 anthocyanin biosynthetic genes(ABGs) in Arabidopsis thaliana by comparative genomic analyses. The B. juncea ABGs have expanded by whole genome triplication and subsequent allopolyploidizatoin, but lost mainly during the whole genome triplication between B. rapa/B. nigra and A. thaliana, rather than the allopolyploidization process between B. juncea and B. rapa/B. nigra, leading to different copy numbers retention of A. thaliana homologous genes. Although the overall expansion levels ABGs were similar to the whole genome, more negative regulatory genes were retained in the anthocyanin biosynthesis regulatory system. Transcriptional analysis of B. juncea with different anthocyanin accumulation showed that BjDFR, BjTT19, BjTT8 are significantly up-regulated in plants with purple leaves as compared with green leaves. The overexpression of BjTT8 and these target genes which were involved in late anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport might account for increasing levels of anthocyanin accumulation in purple leaves. Our results could promote the understanding of the genetic mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in B. juncea.展开更多
The activation of hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)is a major event during hepatic fibrogenesis.Restoration of intracellular lipid droplet(LD)formation turns the activated HSC back to a quiescent state.Our previous studies...The activation of hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)is a major event during hepatic fibrogenesis.Restoration of intracellular lipid droplet(LD)formation turns the activated HSC back to a quiescent state.Our previous studies have shown that curcumin suppresses HSC activation through increasing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor,gamma(PPARγ)and 5′adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)activities.This study aims at evaluating the effect of curcumin on lipid accumulation in HSCs and hepatocytes,and further elucidating the underlying mechanisms.Now we showed that curcumin increased LD formation in activated HSCs and stimulated the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein and fatty acid synthase,and reduced the expression of adipose triglyceride lipase.Exogenous perilin5 expression in primary HSCs promoted LD formation.Perilipin 5 siRNA eliminated curcumin-induced LD formation in HSCs.These results suggest that curcumin recovers LD formation and lipid accumulation in activated HSCs by increasing perilipin 5 gene expression.Furthermore,inhibition of AMPK or PPARy activity blocked curcumin's effect on Plin5 gene expression and LD formation.Our results provide a novel evidence in vitro for curcumin as a safe,effective candidate to treat liver fibrosis.展开更多
Due to its unique layered structure, bismuth oxychloride(BiOCl) has potential applications as a photocatalytic material in clean energy utilization and environmental purification. In recent years, researchers have car...Due to its unique layered structure, bismuth oxychloride(BiOCl) has potential applications as a photocatalytic material in clean energy utilization and environmental purification. In recent years, researchers have carried out a lot of studies and made important progress for the preparation and performance enhancement of BiOCl.In this review, the charge separation property of BiOCl was analyzed based on the crystal structure and electronic structure. Subsequently, the common preparation method of BiOCl was expounded, and the growth mechanism of BiOCl was introduced. Furthermore, the strategies for modulating the photocatalytic performance of BiOCl via doping, vacancy creation, internal electric field tuning, co-catalysts modification, composites construction, and using sensitizers were summarized. Finally, in view of the current research status of the BiOCl photocatalytic material, some problems still need to be addressed including exploring the method of controlled synthesis of BiOCl exposed other high energy surfaces, developing advanced characterization methods to clarify the detailed transfer path of the photogenerated charge, and expanding the photocatalytic application range of BiOCl.展开更多
The development of low-cost, earth-abundant and highly-efficient cocatalysts is still important to promote the photocatalytic H2 evolution reaction over semiconductors. Herein, a series of Ni nanoclusters（NCs） modif...The development of low-cost, earth-abundant and highly-efficient cocatalysts is still important to promote the photocatalytic H2 evolution reaction over semiconductors. Herein, a series of Ni nanoclusters（NCs） modified brookite TiO2 quasi nanocubes（BTN）（marked as Ni/BTN） are fabricated via a chemical reduction process. It is found that the loading content and oxidation state of Ni NCs can significantly influence the optical absorption, photocatalytic activity, and stability of Ni/BTN composites. Among the resultant Ni NCs-loaded products, 0.1%Ni/BTN composite delivers the best H2 evolution activity（156 μmol/h）,which is 4.3 times higher than that of the BTN alone（36 μmol/h）. Furthermore, the Ni NCs with ultrafine size（2 nm） and high dispersity enable shorter charge transfer distance by quickly capturing the photoexcited electrons of BTN, and thus result in the improved activity even though the oxidization of some Ni NCs on BTN is harmful to the activity for H2 evolution due to the much lower electron capturing capability of NiO than metallic Ni.This study not only clarifies that brookite TiO2 would be a promising high-efficient photocatalyst for H2 evolution, but also reveals vital clues for further improving its photocatalytic performance using low-cost Ni-based cocatalyst.展开更多
N-doped coaxial CNTs@α-Fe_2O_3@C nanofibers have been successfully synthesized according to a facile solvothermal/hydrothermal method. The obtained CNTs@α-Fe_2O_3@C nanofibers composites exhibited spe- cial three-di...N-doped coaxial CNTs@α-Fe_2O_3@C nanofibers have been successfully synthesized according to a facile solvothermal/hydrothermal method. The obtained CNTs@α-Fe_2O_3@C nanofibers composites exhibited spe- cial three-dimensional （3-D） network structure, which endows they promising candidate for anode ma- terials of lithium ion battery. The coaxial property of CNTs@α-Fe_2O_3@C nanofibers could significantly improve the cycling and rate performance owing to the acceleration of charge/electron transfer, improve- ment of conductivity, maintaining of structural integrity and inhibiting the aggregation. The α-Fe_2O_3 nanoparticles with small size and high percentage of N-doped amount could further improve the elec- trochemical performance. As for the CNTs@α-Fe_2O_3@C nanofibers, the capacity presented a high value of 1255.4 mAh/g at 0.1 C, and retained at 1213.4 mAh/g after 60 cycles. Even at high rate of 5 C, the ca- pacity still exhibited as high as 319 mAh/g. The results indicated that the synthesized N-doped coaxial CNTs@α-Fe_2O_3@C nanofibers exhibited high cvcling and rate oerformance.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the anit-inflammatory effect of extracts of Dendropanax dentiger(Harms)Merr and Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides(Spring)Holub on rheumatoid arthritis(RA)using adjuvant arthritis(AA)rat model and p...OBJECTIVE To investigate the anit-inflammatory effect of extracts of Dendropanax dentiger(Harms)Merr and Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides(Spring)Holub on rheumatoid arthritis(RA)using adjuvant arthritis(AA)rat model and possible mechanisms.METHODS The AA rat model of RA was induced in adult SparagueDawley(SD)rats by injecting of the adjuvant at base oftail.One-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into the following groups:normal saline group(blank control),D.dentiger decoction group(80g·kg-1·d-1),L.Casuarinoides decoction group(80 g·kg·d-1),the total of glucoside Tripterygium(GTT)group(positive control,2 mg·kg-1·d-1).They were administered orally for 6weeks.Histopathology of tissues arthritis rats was observed by H.E staining.The volume of paw swelling was measured and the arthritis inflammation index was calculated.The expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interlukin-1β(IL-1β)were detected by the ELISA assay.In addition,previous study has reported that plant-derived mi RNAs play a role for cross kingdom regulatory potential.Thus,we also performed RNA-seq technique to identify bioactive mi RNAs via comparative transcriptome analysis between D.dentiger and L.Casuarinoides.RESULTS Comparing with AA model group,the volume of paw swelling and the arthritis index were increased significantly in the AA rat model group(P<0.01),suggesting that the AA model rats were prepared properly.Compared with the AA model group,the volume of paw swelling of D.dentiger decoction group,L.Casuarinoides decoction group was decreased by 25.2%and 10.3%,respectively,and the arthritis index was decreased by 27.2%and 18.3%,respectively.Compared with AA model group,TNF-αprotein expression of D.dentiger decoction group and L.Casuarinoides decoction groups were decreased by 16.3%and 14.7%,and IL-1βprotein expression was decreased by 23.6%,18.9%(P<0.05,P<0.01),respectively.Besides,we found that some plant-derived homologous mi RNAs(such as mi RNA192 and mi RNA30a)associated with cell apoptosis processing have been screened out via comparative transcriptome analysis.But the underlying mechanisms about two mi RNAs function needs much more investigate.CONCLUSION Results showed significant anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extracts of D.dentiger and L.Cauarinoides and justifying their therapeutic role in inflammatory condition.Furthermore,anti-inflammatory effect of D.dentiger and L.Cauarinoides may be attribute to the herb-derived mi RNAs cross-kingdom regulation.展开更多
Saline–alkaline(SA) stress is characterized by high salinity and high alkalinity(high p H), which severely inhibit plant growth and cause huge losses in crop yields worldwide. Here we show that a moderate elevation o...Saline–alkaline(SA) stress is characterized by high salinity and high alkalinity(high p H), which severely inhibit plant growth and cause huge losses in crop yields worldwide. Here we show that a moderate elevation of endogenous abscisic acid(ABA) levels by RNAi-mediated suppression of Os ABA8 ox1(Os ABA8 ox1-kd), a key ABA catabolic gene, significantly increased tolerance to SA stress in rice plants. We produced Os ABA8 ox1-kd lines in two different japonica cultivars, Dongdao 4 and Nipponbare. Compared with nontransgenic control plants(WT), the Os ABA8 ox1-kd seedlings accumulated 25.9%–55.7% higher levels of endogenous ABA and exhibited reduced plasmalemma injury, ROS accumulation and Na;/K;ratio, and higher survival rates, under hydroponic alkaline conditions simulated by 10, 15, and 20 mmol L-1 of Na;CO;. In pot trials using SA field soils of different alkali levels(p H 7.59, 8.86, and 9.29), Os ABA8 ox1–kd plants showed markedly higher seedling survival rates and more vigorous plant growth, resulting in significantly higher yield components including panicle number(85.7%–128.6%), spikelets per panicle(36.9%–61.9%), branches(153.9%–236.7%), 1000–kernel weight(20.0%–28.6%), and percentage of filled spikelets(96.6%–1340.8%) at harvest time. Under severe SA soil conditions(p H = 9.29, EC = 834.4 μS cm-1),Os ABA8 ox1-kd lines showed an 194.5%–1090.8% increase in grain yield per plant relative to WT plants.These results suggest that suppression of Os ABA8 ox1 to increase endogenous ABA levels provides a new molecular approach for improving rice yield in SA paddies.展开更多
Rational nitrogen(N) application can greatly increase rice(Oryza sativa L.) yield. However, excessive N input can lead not only to low N use efficiency(NUE) but also to severe environmental pollution.Reducing N applic...Rational nitrogen(N) application can greatly increase rice(Oryza sativa L.) yield. However, excessive N input can lead not only to low N use efficiency(NUE) but also to severe environmental pollution.Reducing N application rate with a higher planting density(RNHD) is recommended to maintain rice yield and improve NUE. The effects of RNHD on fertilizer N fate and rice root growth traits remain unclear. We accordingly conducted a two-year field experiment to investigate the influence of RNHD on rice yield, fertilizer 15N fate, and root growth in a double-rice cropping system in China. In comparison with the conventional practice of high N application with sparse planting, RNHD resulted in similar yield and biomass production as well as plant N uptake. RNHD increased agronomic NUEs by 23.3%–31.9%(P < 0.05) and N recovery efficiency by 17.4%–24.1%(P < 0.05). RNHD increased fertilizer 15N recovery rate by 14.5%–34.7%(P < 0.05), but reduced15 N retention rate by 9.2%–12.0%(P < 0.05). Although a reduced N rate led to significantly reduced root length, surface area, volume, and biomass, these root traits were significantly increased by higher planting density. RNHD did not affect these root morphological traits and reduced activities of nitrate reductase(NR) and glutamine synthetase(GS) only at tillering stage. Plant N uptake was significantly positively correlated with these root traits, but not correlated with NR and GS activities. Together, these findings show that reducing N application with dense planting can lead to high plant N uptake by maintaining rice root growth and thus increase NUE.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12104145,62201208,and 12374040)。
文摘Seeking intrinsically low thermal conductivity materials is a viable strategy in the pursuit of high-performance thermoelectric materials.Here,by using first-principles calculations and semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory,we systemically investigate the carrier transport and thermoelectric properties of monolayer Janus GaInX_(3)(X=S,Se,Te).It is found that the lattice thermal conductivities can reach values as low as 3.07 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),1.16 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)and 0.57 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)for GaInS_(3),GaInSe_(3),and GaInTe_(3),respectively,at room temperature.This notably low thermal conductivity is attributed to strong acoustic-optical phonon coupling caused by the presence of low-frequency optical phonons in GaInX_(3) materials.Furthermore,by integrating the charac teristics of electronic and thermal transport,the dimensionless figure of merit ZT can reach maximum values of 0.95,2.37,and 3.00 for GaInS_(3),GaInSe_(3),and GaInTe_(3),respectively.Our results suggest that monolayer Janus GaInX_(3)(X=S,Se,Te)is a promising candidate for thermoelectric and heat management applications.
文摘Non-penetration laser welding of lap joints in austenitic stainless steel sheets is commonly preferred in fields where the surface quality is of utmost importance.However,the application of non-penetration welded austenitic stainless steel parts is limited owing to the micro bulging distortion that occurs on the back surface of the partial penetration side.In this paper,non-penetration lap laser welding experiments,were conducted on galvanized and SUS304 austenitic stainless steel plates using a fiber laser,to investigate the mechanism of bulging distortion.A comparative experiment of DC01 galvanized steel-Q235 carbon steel lap laser welding was carried out,and the deflection and distortion profile of partially penetrated side of the sheets were measured using a noncontact laser interferometer.In addition,the cold-rolled SUS304 was subjected to heat holding at different temperatures and water quenching after bending to characterize its microstructure under tensile and compressive stress.The results show that,during the heating stage of the thermal cycle of laser lap welding,the partial penetration side of the SUS304 steel sheet generates compressive stress,which extrudes the material in the heat-affected zone to the outside of the back of the SUS304 steel sheet,thereby forming a bulge.The findings of these experiments can be of great value for controlling the distortion of the partial penetrated side of austenitic stainless steel sheet during laser non-penetration lap welding.
基金Yichun University Local Development Research Center(Grant No.DF2019002)the PhD Research Foundation of Yichun University(Grant No.211-3360118006)the Animal Care and Ethics Committee of Yichun University(Approval No.2022026).
文摘Background:Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is a common condition in middle-aged and elderly men.Enlargement of the prostate causes lower urinary tract symptoms.Capsaicin is a phytochemical extracted from chili peppers and exerts many pharmacological actions,such as anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects.Methods:Our study investigated the effect of capsaicin in vitro and in a mouse model in vivo.A prostatic stromal myofibroblast cell line(WPMY-1)was co-incubated with testosterone(1µM)and different concentrations of capsaicin(10–100µM)for 24 and 48 h.Capsaicin(10–100µM)significantly inhibited testosterone-treated WPMY-1 cell growth at 48 h by MTT assay.The testosterone propionate(7.5 mg/kg)-induced BPH mouse model was used to examine the anti-proliferative effect of capsaicin.Treatment with capsaicin(10 mg/kg)for 14 days significantly attenuated prostatic hyperplasia.Finasteride was used as a positive control.Results:Capsaicin significantly decreased prostate weight and prostate index(prostate/body weight ratio)in BPH mice.The expression of 5α-reductase type II,androgen receptor(AR)and prostate specific antigen(PSA)protein expression and PSA serum were all significantly reduced in capsaicin-treated BPH mice.In addition,capsaicin also activated transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 mediated apoptosis and autophagy in BPH mice.Conclusion:These results demonstrate multiple positive effects of capsaicin in controlling prostate growth and suggest its therapeutic potential in the treatment of BPH.
基金Aibin Zang was supported partially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11771382, 12061080, 12261093)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (20224ACB201004)。
文摘In this paper, we consider the second-grade fluid equations in a 2D exterior domain satisfying the non-slip boundary conditions. The second-grade fluid model is a wellknown non-Newtonian fluid model, with two parameters: α, which represents the length-scale,while ν > 0 corresponds to the viscosity. We prove that, as ν, α tend to zero, the solution of the second-grade fluid equations with suitable initial data converges to the one of Euler equations, provided that ν = o(α^(4/3)). Moreover, the convergent rate is obtained.
基金Study on the efficacy and safety of tenofovir alafenamide in treating chronic hepatitis B patients with poor entecavir response,No.SKJP22020201008.
文摘BACKGROUND Entecavir(ETV)is a potent and safe antiviral agent for patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB);however,some patients may exhibit suboptimal response or resistance to ETV.Tenofovir alafenamide(TAF)is a novel tenofovir prodrug with improved pharmacokinetics and reduced renal and bone toxicity compared with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of switching from ETV to TAF in patients with CHB exhibiting suboptimal response to ETV.METHODS A total of 60 patients with CHB who had been treated with ETV for at least 12 mo and had persistent or recurrent viremia[Hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA≥20 IU/mL]or partial virologic response(HBV DNA<20 IU/mL,but detectable)were enrolled in the study.The patients were randomly assigned to either continue ETV(0.5 mg)daily or switch to TAF(25 mg)daily for 48 wk.The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients who achieved a virologic response(HBV DNA level<20 IU/mL)at week 48.Secondary endpoints included changes in serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg),and anti-HBe levels,and renal and bone safety parameters.RESULTS At week 48,the proportion of patients who achieved a virologic response was significantly higher in the TAF group than in the ETV group(93.3%vs 66.7%,P=0.012).The mean reduction in HBV DNA from baseline was also significantly greater in the TAF group than in the ETV group(-3.8 vs-2.4 Log10 IU/mL,P<0.001).The rates of ALT normalization,HBeAg loss,HBeAg seroconversion,and HBsAg loss were not found to significantly differ between the two groups.None of the patients developed genotypic resistance to ETV or TAF.Both drugs were well tolerated,with no serious adverse events or discontinuations caused by adverse events.No significant changes were observed in the estimated glomerular filtration rate,serum creatinine level,or urine protein-to-creatinine ratio in either group.The TAF group had a significantly lower decrease in bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and hip than the ETV group(-0.8%vs-2.1%,P=0.004;-0.6%vs-1.8%,P=0.007,respectively).CONCLUSION Switching from ETV to TAF is effective and safe for patients with CHB exhibiting a suboptimal response to ETV and may prevent further viral resistance and reduce renal and bone toxicity.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(32000832)Province Natural Science Foundation of Shandong(ZR2020QC096).
文摘Aging decreases muscle mass,strength,and functional capacity.High-salt stress seems to promote muscle aging and decrease lifespan.However,exercise delays muscle aging and increases longevity,and it may protect muscle from rapid aging induced by high-salt intake(HSI),but the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood.In this study,the flies were fed a high-salt diet and trained to exercise.Muscle CG2196(salt)gene and dSir2 gene were over-expressed by building mef2-gal4/UAS system.The results showed that both physical exercise and muscle dSir2 gene overexpression prevented HSI-induced and muscle salt overexpression-induced accelerated age-related decline of climbing index,climbing endurance,muscle NAD^(+)level,SOD activity level,dSir2 expression,and dFOXO expression,and they also prevented HSI-induced and muscle salt overexpression-induced accelerated age-related increase in muscle ROS level,MDA level,and salt gene expression.Physical exercise improved lifespan decrease induced by HSI and muscle salt overexpression.Therefore,current results indicated that high-salt stress accelerated muscle aging by decreasing muscular NAD^(+)/dSir2/dFOXO pathway activity and increasing oxidative stress.Physical exercise protected muscle from accelerated aging induced by high-salt stress through activating muscle NAD^(+)/dSir2/dFOXO pathway and enhancing muscle oxidation resistance.The combination of exercise and muscle dSir2 overexpression had the best protective effect on muscle aging and lifespan in flies.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61901409 and 61961013Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant No.20202BABL212001Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea under Grant No.MRUKF2021034.
文摘Compressed Sensing(CS)is a Machine Learning(ML)method,which can be regarded as a single-layer unsupervised learning method.It mainly emphasizes the sparsity of the model.In this paper,we study an ML-based CS Channel Estimation(CE)method for wireless communications,which plays an important role in Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)applications.For the sparse correlation between channels in Multiple Input Multiple Output Filter Bank MultiCarrier with Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation(MIMO-FBMC/OQAM)systems,a Distributed Compressed Sensing(DCS)-based CE approach is studied.A distributed sparse adaptive weak selection threshold method is proposed for CE.Firstly,the correlation between MIMO channels is utilized to represent a joint sparse model,and CE is transformed into a joint sparse signal reconstruction problem.Then,the number of correlation atoms for inner product operation is optimized by weak selection threshold,and sparse signal reconstruction is realized by sparse adaptation.The experiment results show that the proposed DCS-based method not only estimates the multipath channel components accurately but also achieves higher CE performance than classical Orthogonal Matching Pursuit(OMP)method and other traditional DCS methods in the time-frequency dual selective channels.
基金Project Supported bythe International Cooperation Research of Jiangsu Province (BZ2003041)
文摘The effects of Ce （Ⅳ） on callus growth, anthocyanin content, and expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in callus suspension cultures of Solanum tuberosum cv. Chieftain were studied by the measurement of fresh weight, spectrophotometric assays, and semiquantitative RT-PCR. The results indicate that 0.1 mmol·L^- 1 Ce （ Ⅳ ） can promote callus growth, increase the accumulation of anthocyanins, and enhance the expression of five anthocyanin biosynthetic genes （ CHS, F3H, F3＇5＇H, DFR, and 3 GT） most efficiently. At high concentrations of 1 mmol·L^- 1, Ce （Ⅳ） partially inhibits callus growth and at 2 mmol· L^-1 eventually lends to cell death. The results show that Ce（ Ⅳ ） can induce the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes to produce and accumulate anthocyanins and increase the yield of anthocyanins.
基金supported by a grant from the Science and Technology Plans of Jiangxi Province Education Department of China,No.GJJ14705a grant from the Science and Technology Plans of Health and Family Planning Commission of Jiangxi Province of China,No.20175563
文摘Ca2＋ channel blockers have been shown to protect neurons from ischemia, and aerobic exercise has significant protective effects on a variety of chronic diseases. The present study injected huwentoxin-I （HWTX-I）, a spider peptide toxin that blocks Ca2＋ channels, into the caudal vein of a chronic cerebral ischemia mouse model, once every 2 days, for a total of 15 injections. During this time, a subgroup of mice was subjected to treadmill exercise for 5 weeks. Results showed amelioration of cortical injury and improved neurological function in mice with chronic cerebral ischemia in the HWTX-I ＋ aerobic exercise group. The combined effects of HWTX I and exercise were superior to HWTX-I or aerobic exercise alone. HWTX-I effectively activated the Notch signal transduction pathway in brain tissue. Aerobic exercise up-regulated synaptophysin mRNA expression. These results demonstrated that aerobic exercise, in combination with HWTX-I, effectively relieved neuronal injury induced by chronic cerebral ischemia via the Notch signaling pathway and promoting synaptic regeneration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31701785 and 31760514)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China (LZ18C060001)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M632481)the Postdoctoral Research Advanced Project of Zhejiang Province, China (ZJ20180120)
文摘Small brown planthopper(SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus Fallén) is an important vector of major crop pathogen rice stripe virus(RSV). Controlling SBPH population is an efficient approach to control RSV. Long non-coding RNAs(lnc RNA) have been reported to block virus replication in hosts. However, the function of lnc RNAs in RSV infection and replication is still unknown. Here, we aimed to study regulatory mechanisms of lnc RNA in an immune system during RSV infection. First, lnc RNA genes were predicted from SBPH transcriptomes using a bioinformatics pipeline based on characteristics of lnc RNA. We identified 4 786 lnc RNA genes corresponding to 5 790 transcripts in SBPH from an RNA-Seq dataset of 15 transcriptomes. Differential expression analysis indicated that 3, 11, and 25 lnc RNA genes were highly expressed in gut, salivary gland, and ovary, respectively, of viruliferous SBPH(Student’s t-test, P<0.05). We randomly selected eight lnc RNAs for expression validation using quantitative real-time PCR, confirming the differential expression of these lnc RNAs between viruliferous and non-viruliferous SBPH. In summary, we present evidence that the expression of lnc RNA genes was induced by RSV infection, suggesting that RSV might be involved in the antivirus immune system in SBPH and participate in regulating the RSV replication mechanism. These data provide helpful information for future investigations of the interaction between lncRNA and RSV.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The variable separation approach is used to obtain localized coherent structures of the new (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear partialdifferential equation. Applying the Backlund transformation and introducing the arbitraryfunctions of the seed solutions, the abundance of the localized structures of this model are derived. Some special types ofsolutions solitoff, dromions, dromion lattice, breathers and instantons are discussed by selecting the arbitrary functionsappropriately. The breathers may breath in their amplititudes, shapes, distances among the peaks and even the numberof the peaks.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2017YFD0200900,2017YFD0200904,2017YFC1200602 and 2016YFC1200600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772238,31760514 and 31701785)
文摘With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics algorithms, great progress has been made in the field of noncoding RNA(ncRNA) in the last decade. RNA molecules have been regarded only as a messenger between DNA and protein for decades, but now they have new roles in the biological process as ncRNAs. A growing number of ncRNAs have been identified in insects from the RNA-Seq data of small RNA libraries or transcriptomes. ncRNAs have varied regulatory functions at the epigenetic, transcriptional, or post-transcriptional levels, and participate in almost all types of biological processes. Here, we review the research progress of four kinds of ncRNAs, including microRNA(miRNA), Piwiinteracting RNA(piRNA), circular RNA(circRNA), and long noncoding RNA(lncRNA) in insects. The discovery, biogenesis mechanisms, and regulatory functions of these ncRNAs are presented here to provide a comprehensive understanding of insect ncRNAs and to promote the application of ncRNAs in insect pest control.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0100202)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(2016JJ1010)the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department,China(18C0305,17K035,17C0652,and 17C0653)。
文摘Anthocyanins confer the wide range of colors for plants and also play beneficial health roles as potentially protective factors against heart disease and cancer. Brassica juncea is cultivated as an edible oil resource and vegetable crop worldwide, thus elucidating the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway would be helpful to improve the nutritional quality of Brassica juncea through the breeding and cultivating of high anthocyanin content varieties. Herein, 129 genes in B. juncea were identified as orthologs of 41 anthocyanin biosynthetic genes(ABGs) in Arabidopsis thaliana by comparative genomic analyses. The B. juncea ABGs have expanded by whole genome triplication and subsequent allopolyploidizatoin, but lost mainly during the whole genome triplication between B. rapa/B. nigra and A. thaliana, rather than the allopolyploidization process between B. juncea and B. rapa/B. nigra, leading to different copy numbers retention of A. thaliana homologous genes. Although the overall expansion levels ABGs were similar to the whole genome, more negative regulatory genes were retained in the anthocyanin biosynthesis regulatory system. Transcriptional analysis of B. juncea with different anthocyanin accumulation showed that BjDFR, BjTT19, BjTT8 are significantly up-regulated in plants with purple leaves as compared with green leaves. The overexpression of BjTT8 and these target genes which were involved in late anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport might account for increasing levels of anthocyanin accumulation in purple leaves. Our results could promote the understanding of the genetic mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in B. juncea.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81760356)to Dr.Xiao-qun HAN and Talent Initial Funding(No.YY2017-002)sponsored by Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital to Jian-guo LINsponsored by Medical Scientific and Technological Research Program of Guangdong Province(No.C2019056)to Jian-guo LIN.
文摘The activation of hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)is a major event during hepatic fibrogenesis.Restoration of intracellular lipid droplet(LD)formation turns the activated HSC back to a quiescent state.Our previous studies have shown that curcumin suppresses HSC activation through increasing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor,gamma(PPARγ)and 5′adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)activities.This study aims at evaluating the effect of curcumin on lipid accumulation in HSCs and hepatocytes,and further elucidating the underlying mechanisms.Now we showed that curcumin increased LD formation in activated HSCs and stimulated the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein and fatty acid synthase,and reduced the expression of adipose triglyceride lipase.Exogenous perilin5 expression in primary HSCs promoted LD formation.Perilipin 5 siRNA eliminated curcumin-induced LD formation in HSCs.These results suggest that curcumin recovers LD formation and lipid accumulation in activated HSCs by increasing perilipin 5 gene expression.Furthermore,inhibition of AMPK or PPARy activity blocked curcumin's effect on Plin5 gene expression and LD formation.Our results provide a novel evidence in vitro for curcumin as a safe,effective candidate to treat liver fibrosis.
基金supported by the Foundation of Jiangxi Educational Committee under Grant No.GJJ190865。
文摘Due to its unique layered structure, bismuth oxychloride(BiOCl) has potential applications as a photocatalytic material in clean energy utilization and environmental purification. In recent years, researchers have carried out a lot of studies and made important progress for the preparation and performance enhancement of BiOCl.In this review, the charge separation property of BiOCl was analyzed based on the crystal structure and electronic structure. Subsequently, the common preparation method of BiOCl was expounded, and the growth mechanism of BiOCl was introduced. Furthermore, the strategies for modulating the photocatalytic performance of BiOCl via doping, vacancy creation, internal electric field tuning, co-catalysts modification, composites construction, and using sensitizers were summarized. Finally, in view of the current research status of the BiOCl photocatalytic material, some problems still need to be addressed including exploring the method of controlled synthesis of BiOCl exposed other high energy surfaces, developing advanced characterization methods to clarify the detailed transfer path of the photogenerated charge, and expanding the photocatalytic application range of BiOCl.
基金the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China(No.21573166 and No.21271146)the Funds for Creative Research Groups of Hubei Province(No.2014CFA007)+2 种基金the Natural Sci-ence Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20151247)the Science Foundation of Jiangxi Provincial Of-ce of Education(No.GJJ180854)and the Post-Doctoral Start-up Project of Yichun University(NACPB20180201),China.
文摘The development of low-cost, earth-abundant and highly-efficient cocatalysts is still important to promote the photocatalytic H2 evolution reaction over semiconductors. Herein, a series of Ni nanoclusters（NCs） modified brookite TiO2 quasi nanocubes（BTN）（marked as Ni/BTN） are fabricated via a chemical reduction process. It is found that the loading content and oxidation state of Ni NCs can significantly influence the optical absorption, photocatalytic activity, and stability of Ni/BTN composites. Among the resultant Ni NCs-loaded products, 0.1%Ni/BTN composite delivers the best H2 evolution activity（156 μmol/h）,which is 4.3 times higher than that of the BTN alone（36 μmol/h）. Furthermore, the Ni NCs with ultrafine size（2 nm） and high dispersity enable shorter charge transfer distance by quickly capturing the photoexcited electrons of BTN, and thus result in the improved activity even though the oxidization of some Ni NCs on BTN is harmful to the activity for H2 evolution due to the much lower electron capturing capability of NiO than metallic Ni.This study not only clarifies that brookite TiO2 would be a promising high-efficient photocatalyst for H2 evolution, but also reveals vital clues for further improving its photocatalytic performance using low-cost Ni-based cocatalyst.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91634108, 21376148 and 61503246)National Key Program(2017FYA0205300)
文摘N-doped coaxial CNTs@α-Fe_2O_3@C nanofibers have been successfully synthesized according to a facile solvothermal/hydrothermal method. The obtained CNTs@α-Fe_2O_3@C nanofibers composites exhibited spe- cial three-dimensional （3-D） network structure, which endows they promising candidate for anode ma- terials of lithium ion battery. The coaxial property of CNTs@α-Fe_2O_3@C nanofibers could significantly improve the cycling and rate performance owing to the acceleration of charge/electron transfer, improve- ment of conductivity, maintaining of structural integrity and inhibiting the aggregation. The α-Fe_2O_3 nanoparticles with small size and high percentage of N-doped amount could further improve the elec- trochemical performance. As for the CNTs@α-Fe_2O_3@C nanofibers, the capacity presented a high value of 1255.4 mAh/g at 0.1 C, and retained at 1213.4 mAh/g after 60 cycles. Even at high rate of 5 C, the ca- pacity still exhibited as high as 319 mAh/g. The results indicated that the synthesized N-doped coaxial CNTs@α-Fe_2O_3@C nanofibers exhibited high cvcling and rate oerformance.
基金The project supported by Science and Technology External Cooperation Key Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20151BDH80020)
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the anit-inflammatory effect of extracts of Dendropanax dentiger(Harms)Merr and Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides(Spring)Holub on rheumatoid arthritis(RA)using adjuvant arthritis(AA)rat model and possible mechanisms.METHODS The AA rat model of RA was induced in adult SparagueDawley(SD)rats by injecting of the adjuvant at base oftail.One-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into the following groups:normal saline group(blank control),D.dentiger decoction group(80g·kg-1·d-1),L.Casuarinoides decoction group(80 g·kg·d-1),the total of glucoside Tripterygium(GTT)group(positive control,2 mg·kg-1·d-1).They were administered orally for 6weeks.Histopathology of tissues arthritis rats was observed by H.E staining.The volume of paw swelling was measured and the arthritis inflammation index was calculated.The expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interlukin-1β(IL-1β)were detected by the ELISA assay.In addition,previous study has reported that plant-derived mi RNAs play a role for cross kingdom regulatory potential.Thus,we also performed RNA-seq technique to identify bioactive mi RNAs via comparative transcriptome analysis between D.dentiger and L.Casuarinoides.RESULTS Comparing with AA model group,the volume of paw swelling and the arthritis index were increased significantly in the AA rat model group(P<0.01),suggesting that the AA model rats were prepared properly.Compared with the AA model group,the volume of paw swelling of D.dentiger decoction group,L.Casuarinoides decoction group was decreased by 25.2%and 10.3%,respectively,and the arthritis index was decreased by 27.2%and 18.3%,respectively.Compared with AA model group,TNF-αprotein expression of D.dentiger decoction group and L.Casuarinoides decoction groups were decreased by 16.3%and 14.7%,and IL-1βprotein expression was decreased by 23.6%,18.9%(P<0.05,P<0.01),respectively.Besides,we found that some plant-derived homologous mi RNAs(such as mi RNA192 and mi RNA30a)associated with cell apoptosis processing have been screened out via comparative transcriptome analysis.But the underlying mechanisms about two mi RNAs function needs much more investigate.CONCLUSION Results showed significant anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extracts of D.dentiger and L.Cauarinoides and justifying their therapeutic role in inflammatory condition.Furthermore,anti-inflammatory effect of D.dentiger and L.Cauarinoides may be attribute to the herb-derived mi RNAs cross-kingdom regulation.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(SQ2018YFD020224)Chinese Academy of Sciences STS Network Foundation(KFJ-SW-STS-141-01)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA080X0X0X)the Foundation of Innovation team International Partner Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZZD-EW-TZ-07-08)。
文摘Saline–alkaline(SA) stress is characterized by high salinity and high alkalinity(high p H), which severely inhibit plant growth and cause huge losses in crop yields worldwide. Here we show that a moderate elevation of endogenous abscisic acid(ABA) levels by RNAi-mediated suppression of Os ABA8 ox1(Os ABA8 ox1-kd), a key ABA catabolic gene, significantly increased tolerance to SA stress in rice plants. We produced Os ABA8 ox1-kd lines in two different japonica cultivars, Dongdao 4 and Nipponbare. Compared with nontransgenic control plants(WT), the Os ABA8 ox1-kd seedlings accumulated 25.9%–55.7% higher levels of endogenous ABA and exhibited reduced plasmalemma injury, ROS accumulation and Na;/K;ratio, and higher survival rates, under hydroponic alkaline conditions simulated by 10, 15, and 20 mmol L-1 of Na;CO;. In pot trials using SA field soils of different alkali levels(p H 7.59, 8.86, and 9.29), Os ABA8 ox1–kd plants showed markedly higher seedling survival rates and more vigorous plant growth, resulting in significantly higher yield components including panicle number(85.7%–128.6%), spikelets per panicle(36.9%–61.9%), branches(153.9%–236.7%), 1000–kernel weight(20.0%–28.6%), and percentage of filled spikelets(96.6%–1340.8%) at harvest time. Under severe SA soil conditions(p H = 9.29, EC = 834.4 μS cm-1),Os ABA8 ox1-kd lines showed an 194.5%–1090.8% increase in grain yield per plant relative to WT plants.These results suggest that suppression of Os ABA8 ox1 to increase endogenous ABA levels provides a new molecular approach for improving rice yield in SA paddies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601263)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD0301103)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017M622100)the Jiangxi Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017KY11)the Open Foundation of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding(160-380-16-2)。
文摘Rational nitrogen(N) application can greatly increase rice(Oryza sativa L.) yield. However, excessive N input can lead not only to low N use efficiency(NUE) but also to severe environmental pollution.Reducing N application rate with a higher planting density(RNHD) is recommended to maintain rice yield and improve NUE. The effects of RNHD on fertilizer N fate and rice root growth traits remain unclear. We accordingly conducted a two-year field experiment to investigate the influence of RNHD on rice yield, fertilizer 15N fate, and root growth in a double-rice cropping system in China. In comparison with the conventional practice of high N application with sparse planting, RNHD resulted in similar yield and biomass production as well as plant N uptake. RNHD increased agronomic NUEs by 23.3%–31.9%(P < 0.05) and N recovery efficiency by 17.4%–24.1%(P < 0.05). RNHD increased fertilizer 15N recovery rate by 14.5%–34.7%(P < 0.05), but reduced15 N retention rate by 9.2%–12.0%(P < 0.05). Although a reduced N rate led to significantly reduced root length, surface area, volume, and biomass, these root traits were significantly increased by higher planting density. RNHD did not affect these root morphological traits and reduced activities of nitrate reductase(NR) and glutamine synthetase(GS) only at tillering stage. Plant N uptake was significantly positively correlated with these root traits, but not correlated with NR and GS activities. Together, these findings show that reducing N application with dense planting can lead to high plant N uptake by maintaining rice root growth and thus increase NUE.
