According to the latest global cancer statistics,colorectal cancer(CRC)is the most common malignancy of the digestive system and the second most lethal among all cancer types(1).In China,CRC is the second most prevale...According to the latest global cancer statistics,colorectal cancer(CRC)is the most common malignancy of the digestive system and the second most lethal among all cancer types(1).In China,CRC is the second most prevalent cancer,following only after lung cancer(2).The first version of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)guideline was launched in 2017 and has been updated annually based on the latest findings of clinical research,drug accessibility and expert consensus(3-8).Here,we present the main updates of the 2024 version compared to the 2023 version.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second most common cancer in China,the morbidity and mortality rates of which are rapidly increasing1,2.Among newly-diagnosed CRC patients,20%have metastatic disease at the time of present...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second most common cancer in China,the morbidity and mortality rates of which are rapidly increasing1,2.Among newly-diagnosed CRC patients,20%have metastatic disease at the time of presentation and an additional 25%present with localized disease and will subsequently develop metastases3.The treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)is gradually moving towards the era of precision therapy,which involves guided treatment based on individual genetic characteristics4.Since the first edition of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)guidelines was published in 2017,the guidelines have been updated annually according to the latest clinical trial findings5-9.Herein we summarize how the CSCO guidelines enable tailor-made treatments of mCRC with different molecular characteristics(Figure 1).展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second most common cancer and the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer with rapidly increasing incidence and mortality in China(1,2).Since the first edition of the Chinese Society o...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second most common cancer and the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer with rapidly increasing incidence and mortality in China(1,2).Since the first edition of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)guideline was published in2017,the guideline has been updated annually according to the latest results of clinical research at home and abroad,the accessibility of drugs and the opinions of CSCO experts(3-7).展开更多
Ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS)represents pre-invasive breast carcinoma.In untreated cases,25-60%DCIS progress to invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC).The challenge lies in distinguishing between non-progressive and progress...Ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS)represents pre-invasive breast carcinoma.In untreated cases,25-60%DCIS progress to invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC).The challenge lies in distinguishing between non-progressive and progressive DCIS,often resulting in over-or under-treatment in many cases.With increasing screen-detected DCIS in these years,the nature of DCIS has aroused worldwide attention.A deeper understanding of the biological nature of DCIS and the molecular journey of the DCIS-IDC transition is crucial for more effective clinical management.Here,we reviewed the key signaling pathways in breast cancer that may contribute to DCIS initiation and progression.We also explored the molecular features of DCIS and IDC,shedding light on the progression of DCIS through both inherent changes within tumor cells and alterations in the tumor microenvironment.In addition,valuable research tools utilized in studying DCIS including preclinical models and newer advanced technologies such as single-cell sequencing,spatial transcriptomics and artificial intelligence,have been systematically summarized.Further,we thoroughly discussed the clinical advancements in DCIS and IDC,including prognostic biomarkers and clinical managements,with the aim of facilitating more personalized treatment strategies in the future.Research on DCIS has already yielded significant insights into breast carcinogenesis and will continue to pave the way for practical clinical applications.展开更多
Purpose Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor worldwide.In China,the ratio of rectal cancer to coloncancer in terms of incidence is close to 1:1.Low rectal cancer accounts for more than half of all cases of re...Purpose Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor worldwide.In China,the ratio of rectal cancer to coloncancer in terms of incidence is close to 1:1.Low rectal cancer accounts for more than half of all cases of rectal cancer.In recent years,the proportion of rectal cancer has trended downward,however the incidence of rectal cancer inyounger adults is increasing.The CACA Guidelines for Holistic Integrative Management of Rectal Cancer were editedto help improve the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment in China.Methods This guideline has been prepared by consensuses reached by the CACA Committee of Colorectal CancerSociety,based on a careful review of the latest evidence including China’s studies,and referred to domestic and internationalrelative guidelines,also considered China’s specific national conditions and clinical practice.Results The CACA Guidelines for Holistic Integrative Management of Rectal Cancer include the epidemiology of rectalcancer,prevention and screening,diagnosis,treatment of nonmetastatic and metastatic rectal cancer,follow-up,and whole-course rehabilitation management.Conclusion Committee of Colorectal Cancer Society,Chinese Anti-Cancer Association,standardizes the diagnosisand treatment of rectal cancer in China through the formulation of the CACA Guidelines.展开更多
Purpose Intensive postoperative chemotherapy treatment use in early-onset colon cancer and late-onset colon cancer remains to be defined and their effects on prognosis were unclear.This study aims to investigate wheth...Purpose Intensive postoperative chemotherapy treatment use in early-onset colon cancer and late-onset colon cancer remains to be defined and their effects on prognosis were unclear.This study aims to investigate whether intensive adjuvant chemotherapy for stageⅡcolon cancer would result in matched survival improvement in young patients(<50 years)without risk factors and old-aged(70–85 years)patients with risk factors defined by guidelines.Methods We extracted eligible patients with pathologically confirmed TNM stageⅡcolon cancer from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database between 2004 and 2015.Patients aged<50 years old without risk factors were defined as non-high-risk early-onset colon cancer(non-HREOCC),and those aged 70 to 85 years with risk factors were defined as high-risk late-onset colon cancer(HRLOCC).Kaplan–Meier(KM)method with log-rank test was performed to calculate the overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS).Multivariate Cox model was used to estimate the association of adjuvant chemotherapy with CSS by adjusting potential confounding factors.Results Of 55,366 eligible stageⅡcolon cancer patients,3341 non-HREOCC patients and 11,722 HRLOCC patients were included.37.68%and 16.8%of patients received adjuvant chemotherapy among non-HREOCC and HRLOCC patients,respectively.For non-HREOCC patients,there was no significant association between adjuvant chemotherapy and CSS(HR=1.09,95%CI0.83–1.44).For HRLOCC patients,adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with a better CSS(HR=0.88,95%CI0.79–0.99).Conclusion Our findings suggested that potential overuse of adjuvant chemotherapy among non-high-risk young patients with stageⅡcolon cancer did not lead to survival improvement,and caution should be called when using chemotherapy in these patients.However,chemotherapy can be used appropriately for high-risk stageⅡcolon cancer patients aged 70 to 85 years.展开更多
Neddylation plays a vital role in post-translational modification, intricately shaping the regulation of diverse biological processes, including those related to cellular immune responses. In fact, neddylation exerts ...Neddylation plays a vital role in post-translational modification, intricately shaping the regulation of diverse biological processes, including those related to cellular immune responses. In fact, neddylation exerts control over both innate and adaptive immune systems via various mechanisms. Specifically, neddylation influences the function and survival of innate immune cells, activation of pattern recognition receptors and GMP-AMP synthase–stimulator of interferon genes pathways, as well as the release of various cytokines in innate immune reactions. Moreover, neddylation also governs the function and survival of antigen-presenting cells, which are crucial for initiating adaptive immune reactions. In addition, neddylation regulates T cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, survival, and their effector functions, thereby ensuring an appropriate adaptive immune response. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings in these aspects and delve into the connection between dysregulated neddylation events and immunological disorders, especially inflammatory diseases. Lastly, we propose future directions and potential treatments for these diseases by targeting neddylation.展开更多
基金supported by the Provincial Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2021C03125)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82373415 and No.82302489)Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation(No.Y-tongshu2021/ms-0003).
文摘According to the latest global cancer statistics,colorectal cancer(CRC)is the most common malignancy of the digestive system and the second most lethal among all cancer types(1).In China,CRC is the second most prevalent cancer,following only after lung cancer(2).The first version of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)guideline was launched in 2017 and has been updated annually based on the latest findings of clinical research,drug accessibility and expert consensus(3-8).Here,we present the main updates of the 2024 version compared to the 2023 version.
基金supported by the Provincial Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2021C03125)the Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation(Grant No.Y-tongshu2021/ms-0003).
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second most common cancer in China,the morbidity and mortality rates of which are rapidly increasing1,2.Among newly-diagnosed CRC patients,20%have metastatic disease at the time of presentation and an additional 25%present with localized disease and will subsequently develop metastases3.The treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)is gradually moving towards the era of precision therapy,which involves guided treatment based on individual genetic characteristics4.Since the first edition of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)guidelines was published in 2017,the guidelines have been updated annually according to the latest clinical trial findings5-9.Herein we summarize how the CSCO guidelines enable tailor-made treatments of mCRC with different molecular characteristics(Figure 1).
基金supported by the Provincial Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2021C03125)Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation(No.Y-tongshu2021/ms-0003)。
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second most common cancer and the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer with rapidly increasing incidence and mortality in China(1,2).Since the first edition of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)guideline was published in2017,the guideline has been updated annually according to the latest results of clinical research at home and abroad,the accessibility of drugs and the opinions of CSCO experts(3-7).
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82172344 to J.Z.)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.LY21H160039 to J.Z.)+1 种基金the funding of Medical Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2022RC174 to J.Z.)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.LGF21H030010 to B.L.).
文摘Ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS)represents pre-invasive breast carcinoma.In untreated cases,25-60%DCIS progress to invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC).The challenge lies in distinguishing between non-progressive and progressive DCIS,often resulting in over-or under-treatment in many cases.With increasing screen-detected DCIS in these years,the nature of DCIS has aroused worldwide attention.A deeper understanding of the biological nature of DCIS and the molecular journey of the DCIS-IDC transition is crucial for more effective clinical management.Here,we reviewed the key signaling pathways in breast cancer that may contribute to DCIS initiation and progression.We also explored the molecular features of DCIS and IDC,shedding light on the progression of DCIS through both inherent changes within tumor cells and alterations in the tumor microenvironment.In addition,valuable research tools utilized in studying DCIS including preclinical models and newer advanced technologies such as single-cell sequencing,spatial transcriptomics and artificial intelligence,have been systematically summarized.Further,we thoroughly discussed the clinical advancements in DCIS and IDC,including prognostic biomarkers and clinical managements,with the aim of facilitating more personalized treatment strategies in the future.Research on DCIS has already yielded significant insights into breast carcinogenesis and will continue to pave the way for practical clinical applications.
文摘Purpose Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor worldwide.In China,the ratio of rectal cancer to coloncancer in terms of incidence is close to 1:1.Low rectal cancer accounts for more than half of all cases of rectal cancer.In recent years,the proportion of rectal cancer has trended downward,however the incidence of rectal cancer inyounger adults is increasing.The CACA Guidelines for Holistic Integrative Management of Rectal Cancer were editedto help improve the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment in China.Methods This guideline has been prepared by consensuses reached by the CACA Committee of Colorectal CancerSociety,based on a careful review of the latest evidence including China’s studies,and referred to domestic and internationalrelative guidelines,also considered China’s specific national conditions and clinical practice.Results The CACA Guidelines for Holistic Integrative Management of Rectal Cancer include the epidemiology of rectalcancer,prevention and screening,diagnosis,treatment of nonmetastatic and metastatic rectal cancer,follow-up,and whole-course rehabilitation management.Conclusion Committee of Colorectal Cancer Society,Chinese Anti-Cancer Association,standardizes the diagnosisand treatment of rectal cancer in China through the formulation of the CACA Guidelines.
基金The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.226–2022-00009)the Project of the regional diagnosis and treatment center of the Health Planning Committee(No.JBZX-201903).
文摘Purpose Intensive postoperative chemotherapy treatment use in early-onset colon cancer and late-onset colon cancer remains to be defined and their effects on prognosis were unclear.This study aims to investigate whether intensive adjuvant chemotherapy for stageⅡcolon cancer would result in matched survival improvement in young patients(<50 years)without risk factors and old-aged(70–85 years)patients with risk factors defined by guidelines.Methods We extracted eligible patients with pathologically confirmed TNM stageⅡcolon cancer from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database between 2004 and 2015.Patients aged<50 years old without risk factors were defined as non-high-risk early-onset colon cancer(non-HREOCC),and those aged 70 to 85 years with risk factors were defined as high-risk late-onset colon cancer(HRLOCC).Kaplan–Meier(KM)method with log-rank test was performed to calculate the overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS).Multivariate Cox model was used to estimate the association of adjuvant chemotherapy with CSS by adjusting potential confounding factors.Results Of 55,366 eligible stageⅡcolon cancer patients,3341 non-HREOCC patients and 11,722 HRLOCC patients were included.37.68%and 16.8%of patients received adjuvant chemotherapy among non-HREOCC and HRLOCC patients,respectively.For non-HREOCC patients,there was no significant association between adjuvant chemotherapy and CSS(HR=1.09,95%CI0.83–1.44).For HRLOCC patients,adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with a better CSS(HR=0.88,95%CI0.79–0.99).Conclusion Our findings suggested that potential overuse of adjuvant chemotherapy among non-high-risk young patients with stageⅡcolon cancer did not lead to survival improvement,and caution should be called when using chemotherapy in these patients.However,chemotherapy can be used appropriately for high-risk stageⅡcolon cancer patients aged 70 to 85 years.
基金the funds from National Natural Science Foundation of China(92253203 and U22A20317)to Y.S.the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LD22H300003)to Y.S.+1 种基金the Leading Innovative and Entrepreneur Team Introduction Program of Zhejiang(2022R01002)to Y.S.a grant from Research Center for Life Science and Human Health,Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University(ZY202205SMKY007)to Y.S.
文摘Neddylation plays a vital role in post-translational modification, intricately shaping the regulation of diverse biological processes, including those related to cellular immune responses. In fact, neddylation exerts control over both innate and adaptive immune systems via various mechanisms. Specifically, neddylation influences the function and survival of innate immune cells, activation of pattern recognition receptors and GMP-AMP synthase–stimulator of interferon genes pathways, as well as the release of various cytokines in innate immune reactions. Moreover, neddylation also governs the function and survival of antigen-presenting cells, which are crucial for initiating adaptive immune reactions. In addition, neddylation regulates T cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, survival, and their effector functions, thereby ensuring an appropriate adaptive immune response. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings in these aspects and delve into the connection between dysregulated neddylation events and immunological disorders, especially inflammatory diseases. Lastly, we propose future directions and potential treatments for these diseases by targeting neddylation.
