Background: Conditions in prisons favour rapid transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and progression to tuberculosis (TB) disease, resulting in higher prevalence rates of TB in prisons than in the corresponding g...Background: Conditions in prisons favour rapid transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and progression to tuberculosis (TB) disease, resulting in higher prevalence rates of TB in prisons than in the corresponding general population. However, in many developing countries with high TB burden, passive case-finding remains the usual approach to case detection of TB in prisons. On this premise, the Abia State TB Control Programme conducted a pilot study to assess the contribution of active case finding to tuberculosis control in Aba Federal Prison. Methods: The inmates were clinically screened and those with symptoms suggestive of TB cases were tested by sputum smear microscopy. Results: Out of the total number of 477 prison inmates present in the prison at the time of study, 449 (94.1%) were clinically screened for history of cough of 2 weeks’ duration;52 (10.42%) met the inclusion criteria for sputum smear microscopy. Eleven of the 52 (21.15%) tested for acid fast bacilli (AFB) by direct smear light microscopy were positive for AFB. One inmate was on anti-tuberculosis therapy;this with the 11 cases detected in the course of this study gave a total of 12 inmates of Aba prison with active pulmonary tuberculosis at the time of this study. This gives a minimum point prevalence rate of 2405 cases per 100,000 prison inmates. Four of the 11 prison cells had at least one smear positive case with 7 of the 11 cases concentrated in two cells. The age group of 25 - 34 years had the highest number of sputum positive cases. Conclusion: Active case-finding resulted in detection of 11 new cases of sputum positive tuberculosis (an increase in detection rate of 1100%) and the prevalence of sputum positive TB is very high (2405 cases per 100,000 prison inmates) in Aba prison. There is an urgent need to institute more effective TB case-finding and control in the prison.展开更多
为筛选出适宜在凉山州中低海拔地区种植的饲用甜高粱品种,本研究采用随机区组设计,对11份甜高粱(Sorghum saccharatum Moench)的农艺性状、生产性能和营养成分相关指标进行测定,通过隶属函数法和Topsis(Technique for order preference ...为筛选出适宜在凉山州中低海拔地区种植的饲用甜高粱品种,本研究采用随机区组设计,对11份甜高粱(Sorghum saccharatum Moench)的农艺性状、生产性能和营养成分相关指标进行测定,通过隶属函数法和Topsis(Technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution)法进行综合分析。参试品种中‘大力士’的鲜草和干物质产量最高,分别为80850.91 kg·hm^(-2)和22234.02 kg·hm^(-2),显著高于其他品种(P<0.05)。干鲜比最大的为‘丰甜’(0.38),茎叶比最小的为‘F10’(2.07)。‘BMR 3631’的粗蛋白(Crude protein,CP)含量和相对牧草质量(Relative forage quality,RFQ)显著高于其他品种(P<0.05),中性洗涤纤维(Neutral detergent fiber,NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(Acid detergent fiber,ADF)含量均最低。相关性分析表明鲜草产量与株高呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),CP含量与鲜干物质产量呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),ADF和NDF含量与株高呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。隶属函数与Topsis综合分析表明‘德胜’和‘大力士’两个品种具有较高的饲草产量和营养品质,适宜在当地种植。展开更多
文摘Background: Conditions in prisons favour rapid transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and progression to tuberculosis (TB) disease, resulting in higher prevalence rates of TB in prisons than in the corresponding general population. However, in many developing countries with high TB burden, passive case-finding remains the usual approach to case detection of TB in prisons. On this premise, the Abia State TB Control Programme conducted a pilot study to assess the contribution of active case finding to tuberculosis control in Aba Federal Prison. Methods: The inmates were clinically screened and those with symptoms suggestive of TB cases were tested by sputum smear microscopy. Results: Out of the total number of 477 prison inmates present in the prison at the time of study, 449 (94.1%) were clinically screened for history of cough of 2 weeks’ duration;52 (10.42%) met the inclusion criteria for sputum smear microscopy. Eleven of the 52 (21.15%) tested for acid fast bacilli (AFB) by direct smear light microscopy were positive for AFB. One inmate was on anti-tuberculosis therapy;this with the 11 cases detected in the course of this study gave a total of 12 inmates of Aba prison with active pulmonary tuberculosis at the time of this study. This gives a minimum point prevalence rate of 2405 cases per 100,000 prison inmates. Four of the 11 prison cells had at least one smear positive case with 7 of the 11 cases concentrated in two cells. The age group of 25 - 34 years had the highest number of sputum positive cases. Conclusion: Active case-finding resulted in detection of 11 new cases of sputum positive tuberculosis (an increase in detection rate of 1100%) and the prevalence of sputum positive TB is very high (2405 cases per 100,000 prison inmates) in Aba prison. There is an urgent need to institute more effective TB case-finding and control in the prison.
文摘为筛选出适宜在凉山州中低海拔地区种植的饲用甜高粱品种,本研究采用随机区组设计,对11份甜高粱(Sorghum saccharatum Moench)的农艺性状、生产性能和营养成分相关指标进行测定,通过隶属函数法和Topsis(Technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution)法进行综合分析。参试品种中‘大力士’的鲜草和干物质产量最高,分别为80850.91 kg·hm^(-2)和22234.02 kg·hm^(-2),显著高于其他品种(P<0.05)。干鲜比最大的为‘丰甜’(0.38),茎叶比最小的为‘F10’(2.07)。‘BMR 3631’的粗蛋白(Crude protein,CP)含量和相对牧草质量(Relative forage quality,RFQ)显著高于其他品种(P<0.05),中性洗涤纤维(Neutral detergent fiber,NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(Acid detergent fiber,ADF)含量均最低。相关性分析表明鲜草产量与株高呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),CP含量与鲜干物质产量呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),ADF和NDF含量与株高呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。隶属函数与Topsis综合分析表明‘德胜’和‘大力士’两个品种具有较高的饲草产量和营养品质,适宜在当地种植。
