Dark energy is shown to be the absolute value of the negative kinetic energy of the halo-like quantum wave modeled mathematically by the empty set in a five dimensional Kaluza-Klein (K-K) spacetime. Ordinary or positi...Dark energy is shown to be the absolute value of the negative kinetic energy of the halo-like quantum wave modeled mathematically by the empty set in a five dimensional Kaluza-Klein (K-K) spacetime. Ordinary or position energy of the particle on the other hand is the dual of dark energy and is contained in the dynamic of the quantum particle modeled by the zero set in the same five dimensional K-K spacetime. The sum of both dark energy of the wave and the ordinary energy of the particle is exactly equal to the energy given by the well known formula of Einstein E=mc2 which is set in a four dimensional spacetime. Various interpretations of the results are presented and discussed based on the three fundamental energy density equations developed. In particular where E is the energy, m is the mass and c is the speed of light, is Hardy’s quantum entanglement and gives results in complete agreement with the cosmological measurements of WMAP and Supernova. On the other hand gives an intuitive explanation of negative gravity and the observed increased rate of cosmic expansion. Adding E (ordinary) to E (dark) one finds which as we mentioned above is Einstein’s famous relativity formula. We conclude that similar to the fact that the quantum wave interpreted generally as probability wave which is devoid of ordinary energy decides upon the location of a quantum particle, it also exerts a negative gravity effect on the cosmic scale of our clopen, i.e. closed and open universe. Analysis and conclusions are framed in a reader friendly manner in Figures 1-14 with detailed commentary.展开更多
We prove a new version of the Holevo bound employing the Hilbert-Schmidt norm instead of the Kullback-Leibler divergence. Suppose Alice is sending classical information to Bob by using a quantum channel while Bob is p...We prove a new version of the Holevo bound employing the Hilbert-Schmidt norm instead of the Kullback-Leibler divergence. Suppose Alice is sending classical information to Bob by using a quantum channel while Bob is performing some projective measurements. We bound the classical mutual information in terms of the Hilbert-Schmidt norm by its quantum Hilbert-Schmidt counterpart. This constitutes a Holevo-type upper bound on the classical information transmission rate via a quantum channel. The resulting inequality is rather natural and intuitive relating classical and quantum expressions using the same measure.展开更多
In this paper, we propose how to construct a reconciliation method for the BB84 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol. Theoretically, it is unconditionally secure because it is based on the quantum laws of physics, ...In this paper, we propose how to construct a reconciliation method for the BB84 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol. Theoretically, it is unconditionally secure because it is based on the quantum laws of physics, rather than the assumed computational complexity of mathematical problems. BB84 protocol performances can be reduced by various errors and information leakages such as limited intrinsic efficiency of the protocol, imperfect devices and eavesdropping. The proposed reconciliation method allowed to weed out these errors by using Turbo codes. Since their high error correction capability implies getting low errors, this method has high performance especially when compared to the last method presented in the literature based on Low-Density Parity Check codes (LDPC). In particular, we demonstrate that our method leads to a significant improvement of the protocol security and of the Bit Error Rate (BER) even with great eavesdropping capability.展开更多
What is the quantum system? Consider the wave-function of the electron—what we call “single particle wave-function”—and assume that it contains N wave-packets. If we pass all the wave-packets through an electric f...What is the quantum system? Consider the wave-function of the electron—what we call “single particle wave-function”—and assume that it contains N wave-packets. If we pass all the wave-packets through an electric field, all are deflected, as if each one of them contains an electron. However, if we bring any two wave-packets to travel close to one another, they don’t repel one another, as if at least one of them contains no charge. In trying to solve the measurement problem of the quantum mechanics (QM), different interpretations were proposed, each one coming with a particular ontology. However, only one interpretation paid explicit attention to the contradiction mentioned above. This interpretation was proposed by S. Gao who named it “random discontinuous motion” (RDM), because it assumes the existence of a particle that jumps from place to place at random. The particle carries all the physical properties of the respective type of particle, mass, charge, magnetic momentum, etc. It jumps under the control of an “instantaneous condition” about which Gao did not give details so far. Along with presenting problems of the QM that this interpretation solves, this text reveals difficulties vis-à-vis entanglements and the special relativity.展开更多
Linear fractional map type (LFMT) nonlinear QCA (NLQCA), one of the simplest reversible NLQCA is studied analytically as well as numerically. Linear advection equation or Time Dependent Schrödinger Equation (...Linear fractional map type (LFMT) nonlinear QCA (NLQCA), one of the simplest reversible NLQCA is studied analytically as well as numerically. Linear advection equation or Time Dependent Schrödinger Equation (TDSE) is obtained from the continuum limit of linear QCA. Similarly it is found that some nonlinear advection-diffusion equations including inviscid Burgers equation and porous-medium equation are obtained from LFMT NLQCA.展开更多
In this paper, I shall sketch a new way to consider a Lindenbaum-Tarski algebra as a 3D logical space in which any one (of the 256 statements) occupies a well-defined position and it is identified by a numerical ID. T...In this paper, I shall sketch a new way to consider a Lindenbaum-Tarski algebra as a 3D logical space in which any one (of the 256 statements) occupies a well-defined position and it is identified by a numerical ID. This allows pure mechanical computation both for generating rules and inferences. It is shown that this abstract formalism can be geometrically represented with logical spaces and subspaces allowing a vectorial representation. Finally, it shows the application to quantum computing through the example of three coupled harmonic oscillators.展开更多
In this study, our goal is to obtain the entanglement dynamics of trapped three-level ion interaction two laser beams in beyond Lamb-Dicke parameters. Three values of LDP, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"...In this study, our goal is to obtain the entanglement dynamics of trapped three-level ion interaction two laser beams in beyond Lamb-Dicke parameters. Three values of LDP, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><em>η</em>=0.09, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><em>η</em>=0.2 </span></span>and <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><em>η</em>=0.3 </span>are given. We used the concurrence and the negativity to measure the amount of quantum entanglement created in the system. The interacting trapped ion led to the formation of phonons as a result of the coupling. In two quantum systems (ion-phonons), analytical formulas describing both these measurements are constructed. These formulas and probability coefficients include first order terms of final state vector. We report that long survival time of entanglement can be provided with two quantum measures. Negativity and concurrence maximum values are obtained N = 0.553 and for LDP = 0.3. As a similar, the other two values of LDP are determined and taken into account throughout this paper. For a more detailed understanding of entanglement measurement results, “contour plot” was preferred in Mathematica 8.展开更多
Part I of this study proved that the Paraconsistent Annotated Logic using two values (PAL2v), known as the Paraquantum Logic (PQL), can represent the quantum by a model comprising two wave functions obtained from inte...Part I of this study proved that the Paraconsistent Annotated Logic using two values (PAL2v), known as the Paraquantum Logic (PQL), can represent the quantum by a model comprising two wave functions obtained from interference phenomena in the 2W (two-wave) region of Young’s experiment (double slit). With this model represented in one spatial dimension, we studied in the Lattice of the PQL, with their values represented in the set of complex numbers, the state vector of unitary module and its correspondence with the two wave functions. Based on these considerations, we applied the PQL model for obtaining Paraquantum logical states ψ related to energy levels, following the principles of the wave theory through SchrÖdinger’s equation. We also applied the probability theory and Bonferroni’s inequality for demonstrating that quantum wave functions, represented by evidence degrees, are probabilistic functions studied in the PQL Lattice, confirming that the final Paraquantum Logic Model is well suited to studies involving aspects of the wave-particle theory. This approach of quantum theory using Paraconsistent logic allows the interpretation of various phenomena of Quantum Mechanics, so it is quite promising for creating efficient models in the physical analysis and quantum computing processes.展开更多
We have proposed a prequantum physics, itself founded on classical mechanics completed by the existence of an universal cloud of tiny particles noted U. These U particle command the mass, variable, of electron, neutro...We have proposed a prequantum physics, itself founded on classical mechanics completed by the existence of an universal cloud of tiny particles noted U. These U particle command the mass, variable, of electron, neutron, proton, and atom particles noted M. The “shocks” between U and M particles in the cloud, with screen effect, give birth to electrical forces among charged particles with very small differences between attractive and repulsive forces, and to certain gravitational forces. This cloud with the electromagnetic waves propagating thus recalls an ether, yet much different regarding its effects on the inertial mass of any particle within it. The electromagnetic wave and the photon look like if they were born from a statistical mechanics induced by the universal cloud, and their status, in this regard, may be compared to the status conferred by atomics to a temperature or a pressure. The wave transversality is explained. By the same token, one understands why the photon, a vectorial bearer of a statistical information, may thus describe a particle as well as a wave.展开更多
Recently we proposed “a new interpretation of quantum mechanics (called quantum and classical measurement theory)” in this journal (JQIS: Vol. 1, No. 2), which was characterized as the metaphysical and linguistic tu...Recently we proposed “a new interpretation of quantum mechanics (called quantum and classical measurement theory)” in this journal (JQIS: Vol. 1, No. 2), which was characterized as the metaphysical and linguistic turn of quantum mechanics. This turn from physics to language does not only realize the remarkable extension of quantum mechanics but also yield the quantum mechanical world view (i.e., the philosophy of quantum mechanics). And thus, the turn urges us to dream that traditional philosophies (i.e., Parmenides, Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, John Locke, Berkeley, Hume, Kant, Saussure, Wittgenstein, etc.) can be understood in the quantum mechanical world view. This dream will be challenged in this paper. We, of course, know that most scientists are skeptical to philosophy. Still, we can expect that readers find a good linguistic philosophy (i.e. philosophy of language) in quantum mechanics.展开更多
Quantum computing has already become a technology to be used by large companies in finance, distribution, health care, chemistry, etc. Among the different approaches, quantum annealing is one of the most promising in ...Quantum computing has already become a technology to be used by large companies in finance, distribution, health care, chemistry, etc. Among the different approaches, quantum annealing is one of the most promising in the short term. However, software development platforms do not offer user-friendly interfaces for the definition of annealing problems. In this paper we present a solution to this problem: QPath<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;">®</span></sup>’s Annealer Compositor that facilitates the definition and execution of annealing algorithms in either quantum annealing or digital annealing computers. An example based on a nurse work schedule is used for illustrating this special interface.展开更多
This report presents a second version of the Interactive Quantum Development Environment (IQDE), virtualized parallel simulation platform for optimized testing of quantum software. IQDE is an interactive quantum simul...This report presents a second version of the Interactive Quantum Development Environment (IQDE), virtualized parallel simulation platform for optimized testing of quantum software. IQDE is an interactive quantum simulator intended for implementation of a classical computer that can simulate numerous controlled and time-dependent operations. The research presents different relations between the operations that can be typically simulated. The virtualized simulation platform carries out numerous single-node and multi-node optimizations, including vectorization, parallelization, cache sharing, as well as overlapping of the computations with the communication. A common strategy for modeling for shared memory is implemented, as well as realistic parallel simulation with cluster management of the parallelization. А detailed analysis of the implementation is performed in order to be demonstrated that the simulator achieves good operation and high efficiency of the hardware, which is only limited by the available memory and the bandwidth of the machine.展开更多
In this work, we applied the invariant method to calculate the coherent state of the harmonic oscillator with position-dependent mass, which in modern physics has great application. We also obtain the calculation of H...In this work, we applied the invariant method to calculate the coherent state of the harmonic oscillator with position-dependent mass, which in modern physics has great application. We also obtain the calculation of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, and we will show that it is verified.展开更多
Mean King’s problem is formulated as a retrodiction problem among noncommutative observables. In this paper, we reformulate Mean King’s problem using Shannon’s entropy as a first step of introducing quantum uncerta...Mean King’s problem is formulated as a retrodiction problem among noncommutative observables. In this paper, we reformulate Mean King’s problem using Shannon’s entropy as a first step of introducing quantum uncertainty relation with delayed classical information. As a result, we give informational and statistical meanings to the estimation on Mean King problem. As its application, we give an alternative proof of nonexistence of solutions of Mean King’s problem for qubit system without using entanglement.展开更多
The conditional version of sandwiched Tsallis relative entropy (CSTRE) is employed to study the bipartite separability of one parameter family of N-qudit Werner-Popescu states in their 1:N-1 partition. For all N, the ...The conditional version of sandwiched Tsallis relative entropy (CSTRE) is employed to study the bipartite separability of one parameter family of N-qudit Werner-Popescu states in their 1:N-1 partition. For all N, the strongest limitation on bipartite separability is realized in the limit and is found to match exactly with the separability range obtained using an algebraic method which is both necessary and sufficient. The theoretical superiority of using CSTRE criterion to find the bipartite separability range over the one using Abe-Rajagopal (AR) q-conditional entropy is illustrated by comparing the convergence of the parameter x with respect to q, in the implicit plots of AR q-conditional entropy and CSTRE.展开更多
As the fundamental theory of quantum information science, recently I proposed the linguistic interpretation of quantum mechanics, which was characterized as the linguistic turn of the Copenhagen interpretation of quan...As the fundamental theory of quantum information science, recently I proposed the linguistic interpretation of quantum mechanics, which was characterized as the linguistic turn of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. This turn from physics to language does not only extend quantum theory to classical theory but also yield the quantum mechanical world view. Although the wave function collapse (or more generally, the post-measurement state) is prohibited in the linguistic interpretation, in this paper I show that the phenomenon like wave function collapse can be realized. That is, the projection postulate is completely clarified in the linguistic interpretation.展开更多
We start from quantum field theory in curved spacetime to derive a new Einstein-like energy mass relation of the type E=γmc2 where γ=1/22 is a Yang-Mills Lorentzian factor, m is the mass and c is the velocity of lig...We start from quantum field theory in curved spacetime to derive a new Einstein-like energy mass relation of the type E=γmc2 where γ=1/22 is a Yang-Mills Lorentzian factor, m is the mass and c is the velocity of light. Although quantum field in curved spacetime is not a complete quantum gravity theory, our prediction here of 95.4545% dark energy missing in the cosmos is almost in complete agreement with the WMAP and supernova measurements. Finally, it is concluded that the WMAP and type 1a supernova 4.5% measured energy is the ordinary energy density of the quantum particle while the 95.5% missing dark energy is the energy density of the quantum wave. Recalling that measurement leads to quantum wave collapse, it follows that dark energy as given by E(D) = mc2 (21/22) cannot be detected using conventional direct measurement although its antigravity effect is manifested through the increasing rather than decreasing speed of cosmic expansion.展开更多
Following Scully et al.’s study on the mechanism of complementarity, we further investigate the role of detector in which-way experiment. We will show that the initial quantum pure state of particle will reduce to a ...Following Scully et al.’s study on the mechanism of complementarity, we further investigate the role of detector in which-way experiment. We will show that the initial quantum pure state of particle will reduce to a mixture state because of the inevitable interaction between particle and detector, then the coherence of wavefunction for the particle falling on the screen will be destroyed, which leads to the disappearance of interference fringes in which-way experiment.展开更多
In this article the concept of phase encoding/decoding is used to analyze and formalize a simple quantum algorithm—the Deutsch’s algorithm. The algorithm is formalized in two different ways through an analysis, base...In this article the concept of phase encoding/decoding is used to analyze and formalize a simple quantum algorithm—the Deutsch’s algorithm. The algorithm is formalized in two different ways through an analysis, based on phase encoding/decoding, carried out by the formalized elementary operators developed by the author of this article. Concrete examples of different possible realizations of the formalized with Raychev’s operators Deutsch’s algorithms are offered.展开更多
Barros discusses that [Jose Acacio de Barros, Int. J. Theor. Phys. 50, 1828 (2011)] Nagata derives inconsistencies from quantum mechanics [K. Nagata, Int. J. Theor. Phys. 48, 3532 (2009)]. Barros considers that the in...Barros discusses that [Jose Acacio de Barros, Int. J. Theor. Phys. 50, 1828 (2011)] Nagata derives inconsistencies from quantum mechanics [K. Nagata, Int. J. Theor. Phys. 48, 3532 (2009)]. Barros considers that the inconsistencies do not come from quantum mechanics, but from extra assumptions about the reality of observables. Here we discuss the fact that there is a contradiction within the quantum theory. We discuss the fact that only one expected value in a spin-1/2 pure state 〈σx〉rules out the reality of the observable. We do not accept extra assumptions about the reality of observables. We use the actually measured results of quantum measurements (raw data). We use a single Pauli observable. We stress that we can use the quantum theory even if we give up the axiomatic system for the quantum theory.展开更多
文摘Dark energy is shown to be the absolute value of the negative kinetic energy of the halo-like quantum wave modeled mathematically by the empty set in a five dimensional Kaluza-Klein (K-K) spacetime. Ordinary or position energy of the particle on the other hand is the dual of dark energy and is contained in the dynamic of the quantum particle modeled by the zero set in the same five dimensional K-K spacetime. The sum of both dark energy of the wave and the ordinary energy of the particle is exactly equal to the energy given by the well known formula of Einstein E=mc2 which is set in a four dimensional spacetime. Various interpretations of the results are presented and discussed based on the three fundamental energy density equations developed. In particular where E is the energy, m is the mass and c is the speed of light, is Hardy’s quantum entanglement and gives results in complete agreement with the cosmological measurements of WMAP and Supernova. On the other hand gives an intuitive explanation of negative gravity and the observed increased rate of cosmic expansion. Adding E (ordinary) to E (dark) one finds which as we mentioned above is Einstein’s famous relativity formula. We conclude that similar to the fact that the quantum wave interpreted generally as probability wave which is devoid of ordinary energy decides upon the location of a quantum particle, it also exerts a negative gravity effect on the cosmic scale of our clopen, i.e. closed and open universe. Analysis and conclusions are framed in a reader friendly manner in Figures 1-14 with detailed commentary.
文摘We prove a new version of the Holevo bound employing the Hilbert-Schmidt norm instead of the Kullback-Leibler divergence. Suppose Alice is sending classical information to Bob by using a quantum channel while Bob is performing some projective measurements. We bound the classical mutual information in terms of the Hilbert-Schmidt norm by its quantum Hilbert-Schmidt counterpart. This constitutes a Holevo-type upper bound on the classical information transmission rate via a quantum channel. The resulting inequality is rather natural and intuitive relating classical and quantum expressions using the same measure.
文摘In this paper, we propose how to construct a reconciliation method for the BB84 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol. Theoretically, it is unconditionally secure because it is based on the quantum laws of physics, rather than the assumed computational complexity of mathematical problems. BB84 protocol performances can be reduced by various errors and information leakages such as limited intrinsic efficiency of the protocol, imperfect devices and eavesdropping. The proposed reconciliation method allowed to weed out these errors by using Turbo codes. Since their high error correction capability implies getting low errors, this method has high performance especially when compared to the last method presented in the literature based on Low-Density Parity Check codes (LDPC). In particular, we demonstrate that our method leads to a significant improvement of the protocol security and of the Bit Error Rate (BER) even with great eavesdropping capability.
文摘What is the quantum system? Consider the wave-function of the electron—what we call “single particle wave-function”—and assume that it contains N wave-packets. If we pass all the wave-packets through an electric field, all are deflected, as if each one of them contains an electron. However, if we bring any two wave-packets to travel close to one another, they don’t repel one another, as if at least one of them contains no charge. In trying to solve the measurement problem of the quantum mechanics (QM), different interpretations were proposed, each one coming with a particular ontology. However, only one interpretation paid explicit attention to the contradiction mentioned above. This interpretation was proposed by S. Gao who named it “random discontinuous motion” (RDM), because it assumes the existence of a particle that jumps from place to place at random. The particle carries all the physical properties of the respective type of particle, mass, charge, magnetic momentum, etc. It jumps under the control of an “instantaneous condition” about which Gao did not give details so far. Along with presenting problems of the QM that this interpretation solves, this text reveals difficulties vis-à-vis entanglements and the special relativity.
文摘Linear fractional map type (LFMT) nonlinear QCA (NLQCA), one of the simplest reversible NLQCA is studied analytically as well as numerically. Linear advection equation or Time Dependent Schrödinger Equation (TDSE) is obtained from the continuum limit of linear QCA. Similarly it is found that some nonlinear advection-diffusion equations including inviscid Burgers equation and porous-medium equation are obtained from LFMT NLQCA.
文摘In this paper, I shall sketch a new way to consider a Lindenbaum-Tarski algebra as a 3D logical space in which any one (of the 256 statements) occupies a well-defined position and it is identified by a numerical ID. This allows pure mechanical computation both for generating rules and inferences. It is shown that this abstract formalism can be geometrically represented with logical spaces and subspaces allowing a vectorial representation. Finally, it shows the application to quantum computing through the example of three coupled harmonic oscillators.
文摘In this study, our goal is to obtain the entanglement dynamics of trapped three-level ion interaction two laser beams in beyond Lamb-Dicke parameters. Three values of LDP, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><em>η</em>=0.09, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><em>η</em>=0.2 </span></span>and <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><em>η</em>=0.3 </span>are given. We used the concurrence and the negativity to measure the amount of quantum entanglement created in the system. The interacting trapped ion led to the formation of phonons as a result of the coupling. In two quantum systems (ion-phonons), analytical formulas describing both these measurements are constructed. These formulas and probability coefficients include first order terms of final state vector. We report that long survival time of entanglement can be provided with two quantum measures. Negativity and concurrence maximum values are obtained N = 0.553 and for LDP = 0.3. As a similar, the other two values of LDP are determined and taken into account throughout this paper. For a more detailed understanding of entanglement measurement results, “contour plot” was preferred in Mathematica 8.
文摘Part I of this study proved that the Paraconsistent Annotated Logic using two values (PAL2v), known as the Paraquantum Logic (PQL), can represent the quantum by a model comprising two wave functions obtained from interference phenomena in the 2W (two-wave) region of Young’s experiment (double slit). With this model represented in one spatial dimension, we studied in the Lattice of the PQL, with their values represented in the set of complex numbers, the state vector of unitary module and its correspondence with the two wave functions. Based on these considerations, we applied the PQL model for obtaining Paraquantum logical states ψ related to energy levels, following the principles of the wave theory through SchrÖdinger’s equation. We also applied the probability theory and Bonferroni’s inequality for demonstrating that quantum wave functions, represented by evidence degrees, are probabilistic functions studied in the PQL Lattice, confirming that the final Paraquantum Logic Model is well suited to studies involving aspects of the wave-particle theory. This approach of quantum theory using Paraconsistent logic allows the interpretation of various phenomena of Quantum Mechanics, so it is quite promising for creating efficient models in the physical analysis and quantum computing processes.
文摘We have proposed a prequantum physics, itself founded on classical mechanics completed by the existence of an universal cloud of tiny particles noted U. These U particle command the mass, variable, of electron, neutron, proton, and atom particles noted M. The “shocks” between U and M particles in the cloud, with screen effect, give birth to electrical forces among charged particles with very small differences between attractive and repulsive forces, and to certain gravitational forces. This cloud with the electromagnetic waves propagating thus recalls an ether, yet much different regarding its effects on the inertial mass of any particle within it. The electromagnetic wave and the photon look like if they were born from a statistical mechanics induced by the universal cloud, and their status, in this regard, may be compared to the status conferred by atomics to a temperature or a pressure. The wave transversality is explained. By the same token, one understands why the photon, a vectorial bearer of a statistical information, may thus describe a particle as well as a wave.
文摘Recently we proposed “a new interpretation of quantum mechanics (called quantum and classical measurement theory)” in this journal (JQIS: Vol. 1, No. 2), which was characterized as the metaphysical and linguistic turn of quantum mechanics. This turn from physics to language does not only realize the remarkable extension of quantum mechanics but also yield the quantum mechanical world view (i.e., the philosophy of quantum mechanics). And thus, the turn urges us to dream that traditional philosophies (i.e., Parmenides, Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, John Locke, Berkeley, Hume, Kant, Saussure, Wittgenstein, etc.) can be understood in the quantum mechanical world view. This dream will be challenged in this paper. We, of course, know that most scientists are skeptical to philosophy. Still, we can expect that readers find a good linguistic philosophy (i.e. philosophy of language) in quantum mechanics.
文摘Quantum computing has already become a technology to be used by large companies in finance, distribution, health care, chemistry, etc. Among the different approaches, quantum annealing is one of the most promising in the short term. However, software development platforms do not offer user-friendly interfaces for the definition of annealing problems. In this paper we present a solution to this problem: QPath<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;">®</span></sup>’s Annealer Compositor that facilitates the definition and execution of annealing algorithms in either quantum annealing or digital annealing computers. An example based on a nurse work schedule is used for illustrating this special interface.
文摘This report presents a second version of the Interactive Quantum Development Environment (IQDE), virtualized parallel simulation platform for optimized testing of quantum software. IQDE is an interactive quantum simulator intended for implementation of a classical computer that can simulate numerous controlled and time-dependent operations. The research presents different relations between the operations that can be typically simulated. The virtualized simulation platform carries out numerous single-node and multi-node optimizations, including vectorization, parallelization, cache sharing, as well as overlapping of the computations with the communication. A common strategy for modeling for shared memory is implemented, as well as realistic parallel simulation with cluster management of the parallelization. А detailed analysis of the implementation is performed in order to be demonstrated that the simulator achieves good operation and high efficiency of the hardware, which is only limited by the available memory and the bandwidth of the machine.
文摘In this work, we applied the invariant method to calculate the coherent state of the harmonic oscillator with position-dependent mass, which in modern physics has great application. We also obtain the calculation of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, and we will show that it is verified.
文摘Mean King’s problem is formulated as a retrodiction problem among noncommutative observables. In this paper, we reformulate Mean King’s problem using Shannon’s entropy as a first step of introducing quantum uncertainty relation with delayed classical information. As a result, we give informational and statistical meanings to the estimation on Mean King problem. As its application, we give an alternative proof of nonexistence of solutions of Mean King’s problem for qubit system without using entanglement.
文摘The conditional version of sandwiched Tsallis relative entropy (CSTRE) is employed to study the bipartite separability of one parameter family of N-qudit Werner-Popescu states in their 1:N-1 partition. For all N, the strongest limitation on bipartite separability is realized in the limit and is found to match exactly with the separability range obtained using an algebraic method which is both necessary and sufficient. The theoretical superiority of using CSTRE criterion to find the bipartite separability range over the one using Abe-Rajagopal (AR) q-conditional entropy is illustrated by comparing the convergence of the parameter x with respect to q, in the implicit plots of AR q-conditional entropy and CSTRE.
文摘As the fundamental theory of quantum information science, recently I proposed the linguistic interpretation of quantum mechanics, which was characterized as the linguistic turn of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. This turn from physics to language does not only extend quantum theory to classical theory but also yield the quantum mechanical world view. Although the wave function collapse (or more generally, the post-measurement state) is prohibited in the linguistic interpretation, in this paper I show that the phenomenon like wave function collapse can be realized. That is, the projection postulate is completely clarified in the linguistic interpretation.
文摘We start from quantum field theory in curved spacetime to derive a new Einstein-like energy mass relation of the type E=γmc2 where γ=1/22 is a Yang-Mills Lorentzian factor, m is the mass and c is the velocity of light. Although quantum field in curved spacetime is not a complete quantum gravity theory, our prediction here of 95.4545% dark energy missing in the cosmos is almost in complete agreement with the WMAP and supernova measurements. Finally, it is concluded that the WMAP and type 1a supernova 4.5% measured energy is the ordinary energy density of the quantum particle while the 95.5% missing dark energy is the energy density of the quantum wave. Recalling that measurement leads to quantum wave collapse, it follows that dark energy as given by E(D) = mc2 (21/22) cannot be detected using conventional direct measurement although its antigravity effect is manifested through the increasing rather than decreasing speed of cosmic expansion.
文摘Following Scully et al.’s study on the mechanism of complementarity, we further investigate the role of detector in which-way experiment. We will show that the initial quantum pure state of particle will reduce to a mixture state because of the inevitable interaction between particle and detector, then the coherence of wavefunction for the particle falling on the screen will be destroyed, which leads to the disappearance of interference fringes in which-way experiment.
文摘In this article the concept of phase encoding/decoding is used to analyze and formalize a simple quantum algorithm—the Deutsch’s algorithm. The algorithm is formalized in two different ways through an analysis, based on phase encoding/decoding, carried out by the formalized elementary operators developed by the author of this article. Concrete examples of different possible realizations of the formalized with Raychev’s operators Deutsch’s algorithms are offered.
文摘Barros discusses that [Jose Acacio de Barros, Int. J. Theor. Phys. 50, 1828 (2011)] Nagata derives inconsistencies from quantum mechanics [K. Nagata, Int. J. Theor. Phys. 48, 3532 (2009)]. Barros considers that the inconsistencies do not come from quantum mechanics, but from extra assumptions about the reality of observables. Here we discuss the fact that there is a contradiction within the quantum theory. We discuss the fact that only one expected value in a spin-1/2 pure state 〈σx〉rules out the reality of the observable. We do not accept extra assumptions about the reality of observables. We use the actually measured results of quantum measurements (raw data). We use a single Pauli observable. We stress that we can use the quantum theory even if we give up the axiomatic system for the quantum theory.
