Background:The successful aging of middle-aged and older adults in developing countries is still in the exploratory stage.This paper aims to understand the current situation of successful aging of middle-aged and olde...Background:The successful aging of middle-aged and older adults in developing countries is still in the exploratory stage.This paper aims to understand the current situation of successful aging of middle-aged and older adults in developing countries and systematically evaluate the factors influencing successful aging of middle-aged and older adults in developing countries.Methods:We searched databases including PubMed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure,CBM,WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform and VIP from inception to April 30,2021.RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.Results:Fourteen studies were included and 17 related risk factors were analyzed.The statistically significant influence factors were gender(odds ratio(OR)=1.37,95%confidenceinterval(CI):1.09~1.71),age>75 years(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.31~0.68),education level(OR=3.24,95%CI:1.84~5.70),Cohabiting with a partner(OR=0.17,95%CI:0.11~0.24),domicile(OR=2.60,95%CI:1.07~6.29),self-rated health(OR=3.15,95%CI:2.33~4.24),income(OR=1.72,95%CI:1.04~2.86),smoking(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.16~1.53),alcohol intake(OR=1.61,95%CI:1.09~2.37),body pain(OR=0.28,95%CI:0.09~0.84),hearing impaired(OR=0.28,95%CI:0.13~0.59),physical exercise(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.24~1.73),eating pattern(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.19~1.80),sleep disorder(OR=0.49,95%CI:0.27~0.89).Sensitivity analysis results show that the results of meta-analysis are stable.Conclusion:Current evidence shows that men living in cities and towns,living with their spouse,good financial status,high educational level,self-rated health,low alcohol consumption,physical exercise and regular diet are beneficial to the successful aging of middle-aged and older adults factor.For ages over 75 years old,five factors,such as long-term smoking,physical pain,hearing impairment and sleep disturbance are the unfavorable factors that hinder successful aging.展开更多
Objective:To systematically evaluate the willingness rate of the community to provide for the aged at home and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:By searching the CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,we collected literature on the w...Objective:To systematically evaluate the willingness rate of the community to provide for the aged at home and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:By searching the CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,we collected literature on the willingness of the elderly in the community to provide for the aged from 2011 to 2021,extracted the data,and evaluated the quality of the included literature.Then,CMA 2.0 software was used for Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 13 articles were included in this study,and 16,402 people over 60 years old were surveyed,1782 people were willing to provide for the aged at home in the community,with a total willingness rate of 11%(95%CI:9%to 26%).The results of subgroup analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the community home care willingness rate of elderly people with different gender,education levels,marital status,monthly income,living alone,the number of children,and residence(P<0.05).There was not any statistically significant difference in the willingness rate of the elderly with different ages,chronic diseases,self-care ability,and loneliness(P>0.05).Conclusion:The overall willingness rate of the elderly in the community of the elderly is relatively low in China.Gender,education level,marital status,monthly income,living alone,number of children,and residence are factors affecting the prediction of community elderly will.展开更多
In this study,we aim to combine gene transfection techniques with the modeling methods previously employed by the research group to deeply investigate the corresponding theories of traditional Chinese medicine regard...In this study,we aim to combine gene transfection techniques with the modeling methods previously employed by the research group to deeply investigate the corresponding theories of traditional Chinese medicine regarding“myocardial energy metabolism”and“aortic thrombosis”.Our goal is to elucidate the biological mechanism underlying the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome from the perspectives of“heart and vessels”and“Qi(in traditional Chinese medicine,it refers to the most fundamental and subtle substances that constitute the human body and maintain life activities.At the same time,it also has the meaning of physiological function.In terms of traditional Chinese medicine,Qi and different words are used together to express different meanings)and blood”.The research content is divided into four modules as follows:1.establishment of an animal model of coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome through fibrinogen overexpression.2.Investigation of the mitochondrial quality control system in coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome under fibrinogen overexpression.3.Study of platelet autophagy in coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome under fibrinogen overexpression.4.Examination of the relationship between the AMPK-mTOR pathway and metabolism in platelet autophagy of coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome under fibrinogen overexpression.Ninety-six Sprague Dawley rats will be randomly assigned to the following groups:control group,model group,fibrinogen group and adeno-associated virus group.All rats will undergo a 14-week model construction process,and modern molecular biology methods will be employed to evaluate the model and examine relevant research indicators.The obtained data will be analyzed according to a predefined statistical analysis plan.展开更多
Background:Brunei has a rapidly ageing population,with a high rate of non-communicable diseases.It is expected that there will be an increasing number of people with dementia locally.A review of clinical encounters fo...Background:Brunei has a rapidly ageing population,with a high rate of non-communicable diseases.It is expected that there will be an increasing number of people with dementia locally.A review of clinical encounters for clinical services by people with dementia is described.Methods:The Brunei Health Information Management System(Bru-HIMS)is a nationwide medical electronic record used in all government health facilities.All clinical encounters require manual entry of ICD-10 codes by the clinician.Patient encounters related to all ICD-10 codes for dementia were identified for the years 2015 to 2021(up to 15th October 2021).Results:From 2015 to 2019,there was an annual progressive increase in the number of patients and clinical encounters related to an ICD-10 diagnosis of a dementia subtype.However,there was a plateau or decrease in the number of encounters in 2020 and 2021,possibly due to the COVID-19 pandemic.The mean number of clinical encounters for dementia was 500 annually,with a mean of 115 new patients annually.The most common ICD-10 dementia diagnosis given was unspecified dementia(39.8%),followed by Alzheimer’s disease(37.5%),vascular dementia(16.6%)and Parkinson’s disease dementia(5.7%).In 2015,the majority of clinical encounters were with psychiatry(72.2%),followed by neurology(17.2%)and geriatrics(5.7%).However,by 2020,geriatrics provided 47.2%of the clinical encounters for dementia,followed by psychiatry(24.8%)and neurology(21.5%).Conclusion:This study showed an increase in dementia diagnosis in older people over time,as evidenced by the increase in geriatrics consultations for dementia.A dementia registry is warranted to observe the demographic change of the increasing number of older people with dementia locally over time to assist with planning for service provision for people with dementia.展开更多
Background:Postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMO)is the most common primary osteoporosis in older women.This condition imposes a huge economic and medical burden on society.Aside from western medicine,traditional Chinese me...Background:Postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMO)is the most common primary osteoporosis in older women.This condition imposes a huge economic and medical burden on society.Aside from western medicine,traditional Chinese medicine is also widely used for the treatment of PMO,especially in Asian countries.Zuogui pill(ZGP)and Yougui pill(YGP)are classical formulas for the treatment of PMO with potent clinical effects.This study aimed to explore the potential active compounds,potential targets,and potential mechanisms of ZGP and YGP for the treatment of PMO.Methods:Compounds from ZGP and YGP were collected from three online databases,and these compounds were screened by oral bioavailability and drug-likeness.Their corresponding targets were determined from the Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis platform.The corresponding targets for PMO were obtained from two disease databases.The target protein-protein interaction was identified through the STRING platforms and the core targets were ascertained by analyzing the protein-protein interaction network by using Cytoscape software.PMO-related genes were identified via Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses to identify specific biological processes,cellular components,molecular functions and key signalling pathways of ZGP and YGP for PMO treatment.Results:A total of 68 compounds were screened from ZGP with 168 putative potential target genes,whereas 99 compounds were screened from YGP with 214 potential target genes associated with PMO.Most of the core components included quercetin and kaempferol,and most of the core targets were TP53,AKT1,MAPK1,JUN,TNF,HSP90AA1,APP,IL6,VEGFA,RELA,MAPK8,NR3C1,EGFR,CXCL8,ESR1,FOS and MAPK14.Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses revealed that ZGP and YGP treat PMO primarily via regulation of bone formation and resorption,anti-inflammatory immunity and hormonal regulation.Conclusion:Our data provided insights into the mechanisms,by which ZGP and YGP treat PMO.This study points out a direction for further research into ZGP and YGP monomers and pathways and offers a new clinical treatment option for non-traditional Chinese medicine clinicians in the treatment of PMO.展开更多
Background:Learning,memory disorders,and pain,especially Alzheimer’s,are some of the factors that affect today’s societies and disrupt their lives.On the other hand,the type of diet with hot and cold temperament is ...Background:Learning,memory disorders,and pain,especially Alzheimer’s,are some of the factors that affect today’s societies and disrupt their lives.On the other hand,the type of diet with hot and cold temperament is associated with memory and pain;therefore,inthis study,the effect of Cinnamon extract(hot temperament)and Lentil extract(cold temperament)on pain and memory was investigated.Methods:Animals were randomly divided into three groups including the control group,a group that received Cinnamon extract,and rats who were treated with lentil extract at a dose of 260 intraperitoneally.Then,24 hours after the last injection,pain and memory tests were performed for each.Results:The results of the Passive avoidance test(PAT)(shuttle box)showed that the latency time in going to the dark chamber in the group that received Lentils compared to cinnamon was significantly reduced(P<0.01).The retention time of animals in the dark chamber was significantly increased in the group that received Lentil extract in comparison with the Cinnamon group(P<0.001).The number of visits to the dark compartment significantly decreased in the group that received Cinnamon extract compared to the Lentil group(P<0.01).Pain test results also showed that the Lentil group had significantly less pain tolerance than the Cinnamon group(P<0.001).Conclusion:In this study,Cinnamon compared to Lentil increased memory and pain tolerance;therefore,it can be said that hot and cold temperament probably affects memory and learning as well as the level of pain tolerance.展开更多
Background:The liver is fundamental for keeping up the entire body’s homeostasis.The liver hepatocytes have been shown to undergo genomic instability with aging.The stability of the hepatocytes depends on its nuclear...Background:The liver is fundamental for keeping up the entire body’s homeostasis.The liver hepatocytes have been shown to undergo genomic instability with aging.The stability of the hepatocytes depends on its nuclear architecture.Calorie restriction has been shown to extend life-span favorably and this may be through the reorganization of the nuclear structure.Objective:To study the effect of cyclic feeding regime on the chromatin assembly anchored to the nuclear membrane scaffold of rat models hepatocytes nuclei.Method:Rats models underwent cyclic feeding regime,after which nuclei were isolated;then,we investigated the chromatin decondensation and nuclear membrane disintegration of the hepatocytes using fluorescence imaging methods.Results:In 60 seconds,protease decondensed the chromatin and disintegrated the nuclear membrane structure of controls.After the first fasting,the time increased to 145 seconds in 3-month-old rats.The first refeeding increased the time to 156 seconds with a further rise to 340 seconds following the second fasting,then dropped to 116 seconds by the second refeeding.20 months old rats showed 186 seconds increase in the time of chromatin decondensation and nuclear membrane disintegration after the first fasting,with a decrease to 140 seconds observed after first refeeding.The second fasting increased the time to 165 seconds,which then slightly decreased to 163 seconds after the second refeeding.Conclusion:These results show that intermittent fasting may have acted on chromatin histone interactions and the structural lamin networks of the nuclear membranes in bringing about nuclear stability,which is essential for normal cellular function.展开更多
Aim:To comprehensively synthesize and compare the effect of advance care planning for dementia patients.Design:Systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods:Ten electronic databases will be searched:the Cochrane Library...Aim:To comprehensively synthesize and compare the effect of advance care planning for dementia patients.Design:Systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods:Ten electronic databases will be searched:the Cochrane Library,PubMed,Medline,Embase,PsycINFO,CINAHL PLUS,Scopus,Web of Science,British Nursing Index,clinical Trials,and grey literature sources.Individually or cluster randomized controlled trials that evaluated advance care planning in people with dementia will be incorporated.The research screening flow diagrams will be detailed in the PRISMA flow chart.Data extraction will be carried out in Microsoft Excel 2019 independently by two researchers,any disagreements will be discussed with the third researcher and resolved.We will use the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool to assess the methodological quality.Review Manager 5.3 Software will be used for data synthesis.If sufficient data from studies are available,we will conduct a subgroup analysis of the main outcomes.Conclusion:The systematic review will combine existing trials which may contribute to more convincing conclusions,providing new ideas for medical workers to implement palliative therapy in dementia patients,and further promoting the application of advance care planning for dementia patients.展开更多
Diabetic retinopathy is a predictable effect of diabetes mellitus and is classified as a microvascular disease.The treatment of diabetic retinopathy is complex and challenging.Vascular endothelial growth factor therap...Diabetic retinopathy is a predictable effect of diabetes mellitus and is classified as a microvascular disease.The treatment of diabetic retinopathy is complex and challenging.Vascular endothelial growth factor therapy has demonstrated significant clinical improvement in visual outcomes.However,many patients fail to achieve visual improvement,necessitating the development of modern treatment techniques.Some experiments suggest that inflammation and retinal neurodegeneration may contribute to retinal damage in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy.This review aims to explore the current and emerging treatment options and pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy.展开更多
Background:In Nigeria,the prevailing realities of ageing in poverty and ill health are becoming obvious.This situation,coupled with the fact that Nigeria has no functional national policy on the care and welfare of ol...Background:In Nigeria,the prevailing realities of ageing in poverty and ill health are becoming obvious.This situation,coupled with the fact that Nigeria has no functional national policy on the care and welfare of older persons is worrisome.There are many factors which contribute to later life frailty which could be direct or indirect.These factors include socioeconomic and demographic factors,biological factors like genetics,lifestyle factors,medical factors such as diseases,sleep disturbances as well as psychological factors.These factors are often interwoven.This study aimed to assess the role of selected socio-economic determinants on later life frailty in Southwestern Nigeria.Data was sourced from the Nigerian general household survey-panel 2018–2019,with a total population size of 4,863 persons aged 45 years and above(mean 52.1±6.4 years).Method:Fried's approach was used to develop a frailty index(non-frail(3%);pre-frail(5.3%);frail(38.7%))and Poisson regression model was utilised.Results:We found a high prevalence of frailty in later life,using some socio-economic status such as educational level(b=0.024;p=0.004),wealth status(b=0.029;p=0.001),smoking habit(b=0.073;p=0.003)Rohrer index(b=0.005;p=0.002)and current health status(b=0.020;p=0.001).Our findings provided further evidence that socio-economic status impacts later-life frailty outcomes.This study uses cross sectional data which limits the study of the factors influencing the socioeconomic determinants of frailty.Conclusion:These results underline the need to adopt social protection systems in Nigeria to moderate the impact of health and economic shocks over the lifespan and to maintain the reserve capacity individuals bring in later life.State actors are to mainstream ageing issues into national development planning and the implementation of equal access for all older persons to affordable and quality healthcare and long-term care.展开更多
Purpose:To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Frailty Phenotype(FP),Tilburg Frailty Indicator(TFI)and Frail Scale(FS)in elderly diabetic patients,and to provide a scientific basis for selecting appropriate f...Purpose:To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Frailty Phenotype(FP),Tilburg Frailty Indicator(TFI)and Frail Scale(FS)in elderly diabetic patients,and to provide a scientific basis for selecting appropriate frailty screening instruments for medical staff.Design:A cross-sectional study.Participants and Methods:A convenience sample of 169 elderly diabetic patients was selected from a diabetes special hospital in Tianjin,China.We assessed the reliability and validity of the full FP,TFI and FS as well as their domains.The structural validity of the scale was tested by Spearman correlation analysis of items,dimensions and total scores of scales.The predictive validity of FP,TFI and FS was evaluated by calculating the correlation coefficient between the total scores of FP,TFI and FS and the scores of diabetes specific quality of life scale(QSDL).We assessed the test-retest reliability of 17 elderly diabetic patients twice.Results:A total of 169 patients were included,with a mean age 66.53±7.24 years,and 53.8%were female.The prevalence of frailty was 23.1%according to FP,38.5%according to FS and 78.7%according to TFI with a mean score 6.86±3.05.The test-retest reliability of FP,TFI and FS were 0.915,0.942 and 0.956 respectively.The correlation coefficients between each item or dimension and its total frailty score were r=0.293~0.618,0.174~0.753 and 0.255~0.706 respectively(P<0.01).The total scores of the three frailty screening instruments were the strongest correlation with the physiological dimension of DSQL and the worst correlation of social relations.The area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve for predicting the decline of quality of life of diabetic patients was 0.805,0.500 and 0.816,respectively.Conclusion:The test-retest reliability of FP,TFI and FS is good and the structural validity of TFI and the ability of predicting the decline of quality of life are better than those of FP and FS.Therefore,compared with the other two scales,the TFI is a reliable and valid instrument to assess frailty in elderly diabetic patients.展开更多
Background:The occurrence of early neurological deterioration following intravenous thrombolysis(IVT)is considered a particularly ominous clinical event and is strongly correlated with poor outcomes.Initiating tirofib...Background:The occurrence of early neurological deterioration following intravenous thrombolysis(IVT)is considered a particularly ominous clinical event and is strongly correlated with poor outcomes.Initiating tirofiban within 24 h after IVT has been suggested as a better treatment option to achieve long-term functional outcomes.However,the rationality of this remedy is a controversial.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of early intravenous tirofiban administration after IVT in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS).Methods:Databases including PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,and Web of Science were searched for clinical trials on early tirofiban implementation after IVT in patients with AIS from inception to September 2022.Odds ratios(ORs)were generated for dichotomous variants via meta-analysis using STATA 17.0 MP.Results:Five clinical trials with 725 patients were eligible.The study outcomes demonstrated that early tirofiban administration after IVT was not associated with symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage(OR,0.78;95%confidence interval(CI),0.22–2.74;P=0.70),asymptomatic intracranial hemorrhage(OR,1.11;95%CI,0.52–2.37;P=0.80),systemic bleeding(OR,0.97;95%CI,0.42–2.23;P=0.94),and death(OR,1.05;95%CI,0.47–2.31;P=0.91),but may reduce the incidence of early neurological deterioration(OR,0.09;95%CI,0.02–0.50;P=0.01),and was significantly associated with 90-day excellent(modified Rankin scale score 0–1)(OR,2.01;95%CI,1.35–3.02;P=0.00)and favorable(modified Rankin scale score 0–2)(OR,2.30;95%CI,1.63–3.23;P=0.00)functional outcomes.Conclusion:The early intravenous administration of tirofiban after IVT in patients with AIS may be a safe and effective treatment strategy that improves long-term neurological functional outcomes without increasing the risk of adverse events.展开更多
Osteoporosis is a common bone disease in women worldwide, leading to decreased bone density and an accelerated risk of fractures. The causes of osteoporosis in women include age (senile osteoporosis), menopause-associ...Osteoporosis is a common bone disease in women worldwide, leading to decreased bone density and an accelerated risk of fractures. The causes of osteoporosis in women include age (senile osteoporosis), menopause-associated hormonal changes, deficiencies in calcium and vitamin D, genetics, lifestyle factors, medical conditions, and some type of medications. The consequences of osteoporosis are colossal, consisting of fractures, decreased quality of life, psychological impacts, and economic burden. To effectively control the menace of osteoporosis in women, numerous strategies are advocated. Adequate calcium and vitamin D consumption through diet or supplements is vital. Regular weight-bearing activities and strength training that promote bone density. Maintaining a healthy life-style through avoiding smoking, limiting alcohol in-take and maintaining a wholesome body weight is essential. Hormone replacement therapy and some medications may be recommended in certain cases. Early detection through regular bone density and blood tests is crucial to lowering its impact. Creating a supportive network through educational programs and resources fosters awareness and empowerment. By engaging these strategies, women can be empowered to combat osteoporosis, reduce fracture risk, and build stronger bones for their overall well-being.展开更多
Hoarding is defined as the acquisition and failure to discard a large number of possessions,resulting in significant cluttering and distress to themselves and others.When the severity of hoarding behaviour increases w...Hoarding is defined as the acquisition and failure to discard a large number of possessions,resulting in significant cluttering and distress to themselves and others.When the severity of hoarding behaviour increases with age,the risk of vulnerability increases,especially in older people with dementia.This pathological comportment tends not to be identified until the patient is hospitalized and needs a home visit for safe discharge planning or when major concerns arise from family or the public.Diagnosing hoarding disorders from secondary conditions with hoarding behaviour can be challenging.A number of assessments and intervention strategies for hoarding can be implemented to improve the health and safety of these patients.A case of a patient with hoarding behaviour in a patient with dementia is described.展开更多
Frailty is a kind of geriatric syndrome.In recent years,as a key research content in the field of gerontology,it has attracted extensive attention from researchers at home and abroad.With the increasingly severe situa...Frailty is a kind of geriatric syndrome.In recent years,as a key research content in the field of gerontology,it has attracted extensive attention from researchers at home and abroad.With the increasingly severe situation of the aging of China's population,the problem of the frailty of the elderly in pension institution is becoming more and more prominent.This paper summarizes the present situation and influencing factors of the frailty of the elderly in institutions for the elderly in China,and puts forward intervention measures.It provides scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of the frailty of the elderly in pension institutions of China.展开更多
Tremendous research efforts have been made regarding the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease(PD).However,there are still no effective strategies to restore midbrain dopaminergic(mDA)innervation and prevent disease pr...Tremendous research efforts have been made regarding the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease(PD).However,there are still no effective strategies to restore midbrain dopaminergic(mDA)innervation and prevent disease progression.One possibility is that we may have been neglecting the role of axons in mDA neuronal degeneration.This review first summarizes mDA axon development during the early stage of PD and discusses how axon guidance defects contribute to PD vulnerability.Furthermore,we review axonal transport dysregulation in the numerous PD-related genetic mutations,including Parkin,PINK1,DJ1,LRRK2 and SNCA.The evidence suggests that proper axonal transport is crucial for neuronal function and survival.Finally,advanced tools for axonal studies were evaluated,including light-sheet and super-resolution microscopy.These adapted microscopes have been used to help solve questions unanswered before.Overall,the role of axon terminals in the initiation of the degeneration cascade remains undeciphered,and more research in the related area may be conducted further to restore dopamine levels in the striatum to alleviate the motor complications of PD.展开更多
Background:Vascular impairment is one of the major contributors to dementia.We aimed to identify blood biomarkers suggestive of potential impairment of the blood-brain barrier(BBB)in subjects with Alzheimer’s disease...Background:Vascular impairment is one of the major contributors to dementia.We aimed to identify blood biomarkers suggestive of potential impairment of the blood-brain barrier(BBB)in subjects with Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Methods:We used administrative data from the VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure Resource Center to study both inpatients and outpatients with AD.Plasma samples from healthy control and AD individuals were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and proteomics approaches to identify differentially expressed proteins.Bioinformatic analysis was applied to explore significantly enriched pathways.Results:In the same cohort of patients with AD,we found twice number of subjects with cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the two-year period after the onset of AD,compared to the number of subjects with cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the two-year period prior to AD onset.Different pathways related to BBB,like cell adhesion,extracellular matrix organization and Wnt signaling,were activated and differentially expressed proteins such as ADAM22,PDGFR-α,DKK-4,Neucrin and RSOP-1 were identified.Moreover,matrix metalloproteinase-9,which is implicated in causing degradation of basal lamina and BBB disruption,was significantly increased in the plasma of AD patients.Conclusions:Alteration of proteins found in AD subjects could provide new insights into biomarkers regulating permeability and BBB integrity.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a prevalent neurological disorder around the globe,currently affecting over 6 million people globally[1].It is estimated that by 2040,this number may double to more than 12 million[2].Aging ...Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a prevalent neurological disorder around the globe,currently affecting over 6 million people globally[1].It is estimated that by 2040,this number may double to more than 12 million[2].Aging is strongly associated with PD,as it is a significant risk factor for its development[3].Clinically,PD presents with various motor and non-motor signs.Movement-related issues mainly consist of slowed motion,involuntary shaking at rest,stiff muscles,and balance difficulties.At the same time,non-movement-related issues include impaired sense of smell,sleep disturbances,bowel irregularities,feelings of sadness,and problems with the body’s automatic functions[4].The typical pathological features of PD patients include the gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra pars compacta,coupled with the buildup ofα-synuclein(α-Syn)in neurons,the aggregates of which form inclusions known as Lewy bodies[5].The A53T mutant of humanα-Syn has a propensity to aggregate,a characteristic closely associated with the neurotoxicity seen in familial PD[6].A synthesis of both in vitro and in vivo research indicates that the misfolding and aggregation ofα-Syn are key pathogenic mechanisms in the development of PD[7-9].展开更多
Dementia is the leading cause of disability in older people internationally[1].The World Health Organisation Global action plan on the public health response to dementia 2017-2025 lays out seven action areas and globa...Dementia is the leading cause of disability in older people internationally[1].The World Health Organisation Global action plan on the public health response to dementia 2017-2025 lays out seven action areas and global targets;including improving dementia awareness through a“public awareness campaign on dementia to foster a dementia-inclusive society”[1].In Brunei,the main dementia public awareness campaign is organised by the national dementia association(Demensia Brunei)during the month of September in conjunction with World Dementia Month.In 2021,it was originally planned to have live roadshows in all four districts,during a period of time where there was no community spread of COVID-19 in the country.However,this suddenly changed when the second wave of COVID-19 started on 7th August 2021.The campaign was changed to an online approach using the Demensia Brunei Instagram(IG)account(db_demensia_brunei).The IG awareness programme during September 2021 is described.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative condition that disrupts nerve cell function due to the misfolding and buildup of proteins,resulting in cognitive loss and aberrant behavior.Microglia cellsare one of the ...Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative condition that disrupts nerve cell function due to the misfolding and buildup of proteins,resulting in cognitive loss and aberrant behavior.Microglia cellsare one of the crucial immune cells in the central nervous system.Depending on their activation levels,microglia cells in the degenerative phase of AD can serve either neuroprotective or neurotoxic roles.Microglia cells express several neurotransmitter receptors that play distinct functions in the degenerative progression of AD.These receptors facilitate bidirectional communication between microglia and nerve cells.The neurotransmitter receptors on microglia cells can mediate or affect the neuroprotective or toxic effects of microglia cells,thereby affecting AD pathology.This paper focuses on the gamma-aminobutyric acid,glutaminergic,cannabinoid,cholinergic,and adrenergic receptors on microglia cells and their relationship with AD.Understanding how neurotransmitter receptors on microglia function in AD will be crucial for identifying potential treatment targets.展开更多
文摘Background:The successful aging of middle-aged and older adults in developing countries is still in the exploratory stage.This paper aims to understand the current situation of successful aging of middle-aged and older adults in developing countries and systematically evaluate the factors influencing successful aging of middle-aged and older adults in developing countries.Methods:We searched databases including PubMed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure,CBM,WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform and VIP from inception to April 30,2021.RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.Results:Fourteen studies were included and 17 related risk factors were analyzed.The statistically significant influence factors were gender(odds ratio(OR)=1.37,95%confidenceinterval(CI):1.09~1.71),age>75 years(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.31~0.68),education level(OR=3.24,95%CI:1.84~5.70),Cohabiting with a partner(OR=0.17,95%CI:0.11~0.24),domicile(OR=2.60,95%CI:1.07~6.29),self-rated health(OR=3.15,95%CI:2.33~4.24),income(OR=1.72,95%CI:1.04~2.86),smoking(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.16~1.53),alcohol intake(OR=1.61,95%CI:1.09~2.37),body pain(OR=0.28,95%CI:0.09~0.84),hearing impaired(OR=0.28,95%CI:0.13~0.59),physical exercise(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.24~1.73),eating pattern(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.19~1.80),sleep disorder(OR=0.49,95%CI:0.27~0.89).Sensitivity analysis results show that the results of meta-analysis are stable.Conclusion:Current evidence shows that men living in cities and towns,living with their spouse,good financial status,high educational level,self-rated health,low alcohol consumption,physical exercise and regular diet are beneficial to the successful aging of middle-aged and older adults factor.For ages over 75 years old,five factors,such as long-term smoking,physical pain,hearing impairment and sleep disturbance are the unfavorable factors that hinder successful aging.
基金supported by Project of Henan Federation of Social Sciences in 2021(NO.SKL-2021-415)Anyang science and Technology development plan project in 2020(Project No.228).
文摘Objective:To systematically evaluate the willingness rate of the community to provide for the aged at home and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:By searching the CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,we collected literature on the willingness of the elderly in the community to provide for the aged from 2011 to 2021,extracted the data,and evaluated the quality of the included literature.Then,CMA 2.0 software was used for Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 13 articles were included in this study,and 16,402 people over 60 years old were surveyed,1782 people were willing to provide for the aged at home in the community,with a total willingness rate of 11%(95%CI:9%to 26%).The results of subgroup analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the community home care willingness rate of elderly people with different gender,education levels,marital status,monthly income,living alone,the number of children,and residence(P<0.05).There was not any statistically significant difference in the willingness rate of the elderly with different ages,chronic diseases,self-care ability,and loneliness(P>0.05).Conclusion:The overall willingness rate of the elderly in the community of the elderly is relatively low in China.Gender,education level,marital status,monthly income,living alone,number of children,and residence are factors affecting the prediction of community elderly will.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81973753 to Jian WX)Hunan Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project(CX 20220781)Hunan University Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(S202210541116).
文摘In this study,we aim to combine gene transfection techniques with the modeling methods previously employed by the research group to deeply investigate the corresponding theories of traditional Chinese medicine regarding“myocardial energy metabolism”and“aortic thrombosis”.Our goal is to elucidate the biological mechanism underlying the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome from the perspectives of“heart and vessels”and“Qi(in traditional Chinese medicine,it refers to the most fundamental and subtle substances that constitute the human body and maintain life activities.At the same time,it also has the meaning of physiological function.In terms of traditional Chinese medicine,Qi and different words are used together to express different meanings)and blood”.The research content is divided into four modules as follows:1.establishment of an animal model of coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome through fibrinogen overexpression.2.Investigation of the mitochondrial quality control system in coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome under fibrinogen overexpression.3.Study of platelet autophagy in coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome under fibrinogen overexpression.4.Examination of the relationship between the AMPK-mTOR pathway and metabolism in platelet autophagy of coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome under fibrinogen overexpression.Ninety-six Sprague Dawley rats will be randomly assigned to the following groups:control group,model group,fibrinogen group and adeno-associated virus group.All rats will undergo a 14-week model construction process,and modern molecular biology methods will be employed to evaluate the model and examine relevant research indicators.The obtained data will be analyzed according to a predefined statistical analysis plan.
文摘Background:Brunei has a rapidly ageing population,with a high rate of non-communicable diseases.It is expected that there will be an increasing number of people with dementia locally.A review of clinical encounters for clinical services by people with dementia is described.Methods:The Brunei Health Information Management System(Bru-HIMS)is a nationwide medical electronic record used in all government health facilities.All clinical encounters require manual entry of ICD-10 codes by the clinician.Patient encounters related to all ICD-10 codes for dementia were identified for the years 2015 to 2021(up to 15th October 2021).Results:From 2015 to 2019,there was an annual progressive increase in the number of patients and clinical encounters related to an ICD-10 diagnosis of a dementia subtype.However,there was a plateau or decrease in the number of encounters in 2020 and 2021,possibly due to the COVID-19 pandemic.The mean number of clinical encounters for dementia was 500 annually,with a mean of 115 new patients annually.The most common ICD-10 dementia diagnosis given was unspecified dementia(39.8%),followed by Alzheimer’s disease(37.5%),vascular dementia(16.6%)and Parkinson’s disease dementia(5.7%).In 2015,the majority of clinical encounters were with psychiatry(72.2%),followed by neurology(17.2%)and geriatrics(5.7%).However,by 2020,geriatrics provided 47.2%of the clinical encounters for dementia,followed by psychiatry(24.8%)and neurology(21.5%).Conclusion:This study showed an increase in dementia diagnosis in older people over time,as evidenced by the increase in geriatrics consultations for dementia.A dementia registry is warranted to observe the demographic change of the increasing number of older people with dementia locally over time to assist with planning for service provision for people with dementia.
基金supported by Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,China(20Z21900400).
文摘Background:Postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMO)is the most common primary osteoporosis in older women.This condition imposes a huge economic and medical burden on society.Aside from western medicine,traditional Chinese medicine is also widely used for the treatment of PMO,especially in Asian countries.Zuogui pill(ZGP)and Yougui pill(YGP)are classical formulas for the treatment of PMO with potent clinical effects.This study aimed to explore the potential active compounds,potential targets,and potential mechanisms of ZGP and YGP for the treatment of PMO.Methods:Compounds from ZGP and YGP were collected from three online databases,and these compounds were screened by oral bioavailability and drug-likeness.Their corresponding targets were determined from the Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis platform.The corresponding targets for PMO were obtained from two disease databases.The target protein-protein interaction was identified through the STRING platforms and the core targets were ascertained by analyzing the protein-protein interaction network by using Cytoscape software.PMO-related genes were identified via Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses to identify specific biological processes,cellular components,molecular functions and key signalling pathways of ZGP and YGP for PMO treatment.Results:A total of 68 compounds were screened from ZGP with 168 putative potential target genes,whereas 99 compounds were screened from YGP with 214 potential target genes associated with PMO.Most of the core components included quercetin and kaempferol,and most of the core targets were TP53,AKT1,MAPK1,JUN,TNF,HSP90AA1,APP,IL6,VEGFA,RELA,MAPK8,NR3C1,EGFR,CXCL8,ESR1,FOS and MAPK14.Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses revealed that ZGP and YGP treat PMO primarily via regulation of bone formation and resorption,anti-inflammatory immunity and hormonal regulation.Conclusion:Our data provided insights into the mechanisms,by which ZGP and YGP treat PMO.This study points out a direction for further research into ZGP and YGP monomers and pathways and offers a new clinical treatment option for non-traditional Chinese medicine clinicians in the treatment of PMO.
文摘Background:Learning,memory disorders,and pain,especially Alzheimer’s,are some of the factors that affect today’s societies and disrupt their lives.On the other hand,the type of diet with hot and cold temperament is associated with memory and pain;therefore,inthis study,the effect of Cinnamon extract(hot temperament)and Lentil extract(cold temperament)on pain and memory was investigated.Methods:Animals were randomly divided into three groups including the control group,a group that received Cinnamon extract,and rats who were treated with lentil extract at a dose of 260 intraperitoneally.Then,24 hours after the last injection,pain and memory tests were performed for each.Results:The results of the Passive avoidance test(PAT)(shuttle box)showed that the latency time in going to the dark chamber in the group that received Lentils compared to cinnamon was significantly reduced(P<0.01).The retention time of animals in the dark chamber was significantly increased in the group that received Lentil extract in comparison with the Cinnamon group(P<0.001).The number of visits to the dark compartment significantly decreased in the group that received Cinnamon extract compared to the Lentil group(P<0.01).Pain test results also showed that the Lentil group had significantly less pain tolerance than the Cinnamon group(P<0.001).Conclusion:In this study,Cinnamon compared to Lentil increased memory and pain tolerance;therefore,it can be said that hot and cold temperament probably affects memory and learning as well as the level of pain tolerance.
基金funding agency in the public,commercial,or not-for-profit sectors.
文摘Background:The liver is fundamental for keeping up the entire body’s homeostasis.The liver hepatocytes have been shown to undergo genomic instability with aging.The stability of the hepatocytes depends on its nuclear architecture.Calorie restriction has been shown to extend life-span favorably and this may be through the reorganization of the nuclear structure.Objective:To study the effect of cyclic feeding regime on the chromatin assembly anchored to the nuclear membrane scaffold of rat models hepatocytes nuclei.Method:Rats models underwent cyclic feeding regime,after which nuclei were isolated;then,we investigated the chromatin decondensation and nuclear membrane disintegration of the hepatocytes using fluorescence imaging methods.Results:In 60 seconds,protease decondensed the chromatin and disintegrated the nuclear membrane structure of controls.After the first fasting,the time increased to 145 seconds in 3-month-old rats.The first refeeding increased the time to 156 seconds with a further rise to 340 seconds following the second fasting,then dropped to 116 seconds by the second refeeding.20 months old rats showed 186 seconds increase in the time of chromatin decondensation and nuclear membrane disintegration after the first fasting,with a decrease to 140 seconds observed after first refeeding.The second fasting increased the time to 165 seconds,which then slightly decreased to 163 seconds after the second refeeding.Conclusion:These results show that intermittent fasting may have acted on chromatin histone interactions and the structural lamin networks of the nuclear membranes in bringing about nuclear stability,which is essential for normal cellular function.
文摘Aim:To comprehensively synthesize and compare the effect of advance care planning for dementia patients.Design:Systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods:Ten electronic databases will be searched:the Cochrane Library,PubMed,Medline,Embase,PsycINFO,CINAHL PLUS,Scopus,Web of Science,British Nursing Index,clinical Trials,and grey literature sources.Individually or cluster randomized controlled trials that evaluated advance care planning in people with dementia will be incorporated.The research screening flow diagrams will be detailed in the PRISMA flow chart.Data extraction will be carried out in Microsoft Excel 2019 independently by two researchers,any disagreements will be discussed with the third researcher and resolved.We will use the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool to assess the methodological quality.Review Manager 5.3 Software will be used for data synthesis.If sufficient data from studies are available,we will conduct a subgroup analysis of the main outcomes.Conclusion:The systematic review will combine existing trials which may contribute to more convincing conclusions,providing new ideas for medical workers to implement palliative therapy in dementia patients,and further promoting the application of advance care planning for dementia patients.
文摘Diabetic retinopathy is a predictable effect of diabetes mellitus and is classified as a microvascular disease.The treatment of diabetic retinopathy is complex and challenging.Vascular endothelial growth factor therapy has demonstrated significant clinical improvement in visual outcomes.However,many patients fail to achieve visual improvement,necessitating the development of modern treatment techniques.Some experiments suggest that inflammation and retinal neurodegeneration may contribute to retinal damage in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy.This review aims to explore the current and emerging treatment options and pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy.
文摘Background:In Nigeria,the prevailing realities of ageing in poverty and ill health are becoming obvious.This situation,coupled with the fact that Nigeria has no functional national policy on the care and welfare of older persons is worrisome.There are many factors which contribute to later life frailty which could be direct or indirect.These factors include socioeconomic and demographic factors,biological factors like genetics,lifestyle factors,medical factors such as diseases,sleep disturbances as well as psychological factors.These factors are often interwoven.This study aimed to assess the role of selected socio-economic determinants on later life frailty in Southwestern Nigeria.Data was sourced from the Nigerian general household survey-panel 2018–2019,with a total population size of 4,863 persons aged 45 years and above(mean 52.1±6.4 years).Method:Fried's approach was used to develop a frailty index(non-frail(3%);pre-frail(5.3%);frail(38.7%))and Poisson regression model was utilised.Results:We found a high prevalence of frailty in later life,using some socio-economic status such as educational level(b=0.024;p=0.004),wealth status(b=0.029;p=0.001),smoking habit(b=0.073;p=0.003)Rohrer index(b=0.005;p=0.002)and current health status(b=0.020;p=0.001).Our findings provided further evidence that socio-economic status impacts later-life frailty outcomes.This study uses cross sectional data which limits the study of the factors influencing the socioeconomic determinants of frailty.Conclusion:These results underline the need to adopt social protection systems in Nigeria to moderate the impact of health and economic shocks over the lifespan and to maintain the reserve capacity individuals bring in later life.State actors are to mainstream ageing issues into national development planning and the implementation of equal access for all older persons to affordable and quality healthcare and long-term care.
基金supported by Research and Innovation Project of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2020 with Grant No.YJSKC-20201037Tianjin College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program with Grant No.201910063045.
文摘Purpose:To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Frailty Phenotype(FP),Tilburg Frailty Indicator(TFI)and Frail Scale(FS)in elderly diabetic patients,and to provide a scientific basis for selecting appropriate frailty screening instruments for medical staff.Design:A cross-sectional study.Participants and Methods:A convenience sample of 169 elderly diabetic patients was selected from a diabetes special hospital in Tianjin,China.We assessed the reliability and validity of the full FP,TFI and FS as well as their domains.The structural validity of the scale was tested by Spearman correlation analysis of items,dimensions and total scores of scales.The predictive validity of FP,TFI and FS was evaluated by calculating the correlation coefficient between the total scores of FP,TFI and FS and the scores of diabetes specific quality of life scale(QSDL).We assessed the test-retest reliability of 17 elderly diabetic patients twice.Results:A total of 169 patients were included,with a mean age 66.53±7.24 years,and 53.8%were female.The prevalence of frailty was 23.1%according to FP,38.5%according to FS and 78.7%according to TFI with a mean score 6.86±3.05.The test-retest reliability of FP,TFI and FS were 0.915,0.942 and 0.956 respectively.The correlation coefficients between each item or dimension and its total frailty score were r=0.293~0.618,0.174~0.753 and 0.255~0.706 respectively(P<0.01).The total scores of the three frailty screening instruments were the strongest correlation with the physiological dimension of DSQL and the worst correlation of social relations.The area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve for predicting the decline of quality of life of diabetic patients was 0.805,0.500 and 0.816,respectively.Conclusion:The test-retest reliability of FP,TFI and FS is good and the structural validity of TFI and the ability of predicting the decline of quality of life are better than those of FP and FS.Therefore,compared with the other two scales,the TFI is a reliable and valid instrument to assess frailty in elderly diabetic patients.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia(No.2021MS08169)the Medical and health Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(No.202201571).
文摘Background:The occurrence of early neurological deterioration following intravenous thrombolysis(IVT)is considered a particularly ominous clinical event and is strongly correlated with poor outcomes.Initiating tirofiban within 24 h after IVT has been suggested as a better treatment option to achieve long-term functional outcomes.However,the rationality of this remedy is a controversial.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of early intravenous tirofiban administration after IVT in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS).Methods:Databases including PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,and Web of Science were searched for clinical trials on early tirofiban implementation after IVT in patients with AIS from inception to September 2022.Odds ratios(ORs)were generated for dichotomous variants via meta-analysis using STATA 17.0 MP.Results:Five clinical trials with 725 patients were eligible.The study outcomes demonstrated that early tirofiban administration after IVT was not associated with symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage(OR,0.78;95%confidence interval(CI),0.22–2.74;P=0.70),asymptomatic intracranial hemorrhage(OR,1.11;95%CI,0.52–2.37;P=0.80),systemic bleeding(OR,0.97;95%CI,0.42–2.23;P=0.94),and death(OR,1.05;95%CI,0.47–2.31;P=0.91),but may reduce the incidence of early neurological deterioration(OR,0.09;95%CI,0.02–0.50;P=0.01),and was significantly associated with 90-day excellent(modified Rankin scale score 0–1)(OR,2.01;95%CI,1.35–3.02;P=0.00)and favorable(modified Rankin scale score 0–2)(OR,2.30;95%CI,1.63–3.23;P=0.00)functional outcomes.Conclusion:The early intravenous administration of tirofiban after IVT in patients with AIS may be a safe and effective treatment strategy that improves long-term neurological functional outcomes without increasing the risk of adverse events.
文摘Osteoporosis is a common bone disease in women worldwide, leading to decreased bone density and an accelerated risk of fractures. The causes of osteoporosis in women include age (senile osteoporosis), menopause-associated hormonal changes, deficiencies in calcium and vitamin D, genetics, lifestyle factors, medical conditions, and some type of medications. The consequences of osteoporosis are colossal, consisting of fractures, decreased quality of life, psychological impacts, and economic burden. To effectively control the menace of osteoporosis in women, numerous strategies are advocated. Adequate calcium and vitamin D consumption through diet or supplements is vital. Regular weight-bearing activities and strength training that promote bone density. Maintaining a healthy life-style through avoiding smoking, limiting alcohol in-take and maintaining a wholesome body weight is essential. Hormone replacement therapy and some medications may be recommended in certain cases. Early detection through regular bone density and blood tests is crucial to lowering its impact. Creating a supportive network through educational programs and resources fosters awareness and empowerment. By engaging these strategies, women can be empowered to combat osteoporosis, reduce fracture risk, and build stronger bones for their overall well-being.
文摘Hoarding is defined as the acquisition and failure to discard a large number of possessions,resulting in significant cluttering and distress to themselves and others.When the severity of hoarding behaviour increases with age,the risk of vulnerability increases,especially in older people with dementia.This pathological comportment tends not to be identified until the patient is hospitalized and needs a home visit for safe discharge planning or when major concerns arise from family or the public.Diagnosing hoarding disorders from secondary conditions with hoarding behaviour can be challenging.A number of assessments and intervention strategies for hoarding can be implemented to improve the health and safety of these patients.A case of a patient with hoarding behaviour in a patient with dementia is described.
文摘Frailty is a kind of geriatric syndrome.In recent years,as a key research content in the field of gerontology,it has attracted extensive attention from researchers at home and abroad.With the increasingly severe situation of the aging of China's population,the problem of the frailty of the elderly in pension institution is becoming more and more prominent.This paper summarizes the present situation and influencing factors of the frailty of the elderly in institutions for the elderly in China,and puts forward intervention measures.It provides scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of the frailty of the elderly in pension institutions of China.
基金supported by funding from the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan(2021YFS0382 to CX)the Medical Research Project of Jiangsu Commission of Health(M2022004 to CWL)+2 种基金Huai'an Natural Science Research Program(HAB202239 to CWL)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program)(82271524 to LWD)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Key Program)(32220103006 to LWD).
文摘Tremendous research efforts have been made regarding the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease(PD).However,there are still no effective strategies to restore midbrain dopaminergic(mDA)innervation and prevent disease progression.One possibility is that we may have been neglecting the role of axons in mDA neuronal degeneration.This review first summarizes mDA axon development during the early stage of PD and discusses how axon guidance defects contribute to PD vulnerability.Furthermore,we review axonal transport dysregulation in the numerous PD-related genetic mutations,including Parkin,PINK1,DJ1,LRRK2 and SNCA.The evidence suggests that proper axonal transport is crucial for neuronal function and survival.Finally,advanced tools for axonal studies were evaluated,including light-sheet and super-resolution microscopy.These adapted microscopes have been used to help solve questions unanswered before.Overall,the role of axon terminals in the initiation of the degeneration cascade remains undeciphered,and more research in the related area may be conducted further to restore dopamine levels in the striatum to alleviate the motor complications of PD.
基金University of Massachusetts Lowell-Bedford VA Healthcare System Pilot Award(NM,WX,EG),I01 BX004730 and I01 BX003527 Merit Awards from the Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development of the Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development(WX)RF1AG063913 from the NIH(WX).
文摘Background:Vascular impairment is one of the major contributors to dementia.We aimed to identify blood biomarkers suggestive of potential impairment of the blood-brain barrier(BBB)in subjects with Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Methods:We used administrative data from the VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure Resource Center to study both inpatients and outpatients with AD.Plasma samples from healthy control and AD individuals were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and proteomics approaches to identify differentially expressed proteins.Bioinformatic analysis was applied to explore significantly enriched pathways.Results:In the same cohort of patients with AD,we found twice number of subjects with cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the two-year period after the onset of AD,compared to the number of subjects with cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the two-year period prior to AD onset.Different pathways related to BBB,like cell adhesion,extracellular matrix organization and Wnt signaling,were activated and differentially expressed proteins such as ADAM22,PDGFR-α,DKK-4,Neucrin and RSOP-1 were identified.Moreover,matrix metalloproteinase-9,which is implicated in causing degradation of basal lamina and BBB disruption,was significantly increased in the plasma of AD patients.Conclusions:Alteration of proteins found in AD subjects could provide new insights into biomarkers regulating permeability and BBB integrity.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82271563 and No.82204786)The Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(No.2022A1515012512)The Academic Promotion Program of Shandong First Medical University.
文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a prevalent neurological disorder around the globe,currently affecting over 6 million people globally[1].It is estimated that by 2040,this number may double to more than 12 million[2].Aging is strongly associated with PD,as it is a significant risk factor for its development[3].Clinically,PD presents with various motor and non-motor signs.Movement-related issues mainly consist of slowed motion,involuntary shaking at rest,stiff muscles,and balance difficulties.At the same time,non-movement-related issues include impaired sense of smell,sleep disturbances,bowel irregularities,feelings of sadness,and problems with the body’s automatic functions[4].The typical pathological features of PD patients include the gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra pars compacta,coupled with the buildup ofα-synuclein(α-Syn)in neurons,the aggregates of which form inclusions known as Lewy bodies[5].The A53T mutant of humanα-Syn has a propensity to aggregate,a characteristic closely associated with the neurotoxicity seen in familial PD[6].A synthesis of both in vitro and in vivo research indicates that the misfolding and aggregation ofα-Syn are key pathogenic mechanisms in the development of PD[7-9].
文摘Dementia is the leading cause of disability in older people internationally[1].The World Health Organisation Global action plan on the public health response to dementia 2017-2025 lays out seven action areas and global targets;including improving dementia awareness through a“public awareness campaign on dementia to foster a dementia-inclusive society”[1].In Brunei,the main dementia public awareness campaign is organised by the national dementia association(Demensia Brunei)during the month of September in conjunction with World Dementia Month.In 2021,it was originally planned to have live roadshows in all four districts,during a period of time where there was no community spread of COVID-19 in the country.However,this suddenly changed when the second wave of COVID-19 started on 7th August 2021.The campaign was changed to an online approach using the Demensia Brunei Instagram(IG)account(db_demensia_brunei).The IG awareness programme during September 2021 is described.
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative condition that disrupts nerve cell function due to the misfolding and buildup of proteins,resulting in cognitive loss and aberrant behavior.Microglia cellsare one of the crucial immune cells in the central nervous system.Depending on their activation levels,microglia cells in the degenerative phase of AD can serve either neuroprotective or neurotoxic roles.Microglia cells express several neurotransmitter receptors that play distinct functions in the degenerative progression of AD.These receptors facilitate bidirectional communication between microglia and nerve cells.The neurotransmitter receptors on microglia cells can mediate or affect the neuroprotective or toxic effects of microglia cells,thereby affecting AD pathology.This paper focuses on the gamma-aminobutyric acid,glutaminergic,cannabinoid,cholinergic,and adrenergic receptors on microglia cells and their relationship with AD.Understanding how neurotransmitter receptors on microglia function in AD will be crucial for identifying potential treatment targets.
